Quinby & Robinson of Memphis — Confederate Citizens File
A worked transcription made for CivilWarArtillery.com to the same three-layer rule as the other files in this collection: diplomatic transcription (exactly what the page says), normalized data (searchable form, kept separate), and proposed identifications (external knowledge, flagged, never merged).
Source
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Repository | National Archives (NARA), Record Group 109 |
| Collection | Confederate Papers Relating to Citizens or Business Firms, compiled 1874–1899, documenting the period 1861–1865 |
| Microfilm publication | M346 |
| NARA catalog ID | 2133274 |
| Business name (Fold3 index) | Quinby and Robinson |
| State (Fold3 index) | Tennessee |
| Roll | 0831 |
| Fold3 document number | 34 |
| SHA-256 | 05a61565b636352492170a137ded8fb690e2e38be06c1777a44cd7d8f716f9ad |
| Page count | 158 (images 1–157 archival; image 158 = Fold3 source sheet, omitted) |
A note on the source. The folder on the drive holds both a Fold3 PDF of 158 pages and 111 numbered JPGs. The JPGs are an incomplete earlier download — forty-seven pages short. The PDF is what was ingested, and it is what is transcribed here.
Machine OCR is worthless on this file and was not used. Every page is in cursive. Every one of the 157 images below was read by eye from the scan.
What this file is
The fullest surviving account of a western Confederate projectile shop. Quinby & Robinson were founders and machinists at Memphis, and in their own words to General Polk they ran "one of the largest foundries in the South West." Across 157 sheets — accounts, dockets, requisitions, letters — the file records what they made, what it cost, what the government issued them to make it from, and what happened when the war took their city.
The projectiles
This is the reason the file matters. Nearly every rifled projectile system of the western theatre passes through this one shop, named on the page:
- Read — Read shot, Read shell, Read rifled shot, Read sabots, copper caps put on them, and the patterns and iron mandrels for Dr. J. B. Read's sabot and his 6-inch rifle shot and shell. 132 Read shot turned and finished in a single line.
- Archer — 6-inch Archer shot and shell, rifled with copper, and the covering of Archer shot with caps and with white metal, 198, 200 and 244 at a time, against 1,782 to 2,150 lb of copper at 60¢.
- Parrott — Parrott shot and shell fitted up.
- James — 9-pounder James rifled shot, turned.
- Travis — 53 "Travis Shot" fitted up complete, and elsewhere at $10.09 each.
- Cowan's and Coleman's balls, and the patterns for them.
Alongside them the ordinary work: 6.40-inch elongated shot; 10-inch, 9-inch, 8-inch, 64-, 32-, 24- and 12-pounder shot, shell and spherical case, billed by weight at 5¢ a pound; stands of grape from 64-pounder down to 12; canister shot and plates; reaming 13-inch shell; and shot and shell fitted for Bormann and wooden fuzes.
The guns
They cast ordnance as well as filling it. Twelve-pounder iron cannon at 10¢ a pound — one of them weighed at 3,615 lb net by the Memphis city inspector and billed at exactly that weight on another sheet. Bronze howitzers and 6-pounder guns by the pound, at rates running from 9¢ to 94¢ depending on the metal. Twenty bronze field pieces in one group — eleven 6-pounder guns and nine 12-pounder howitzers — cast not for the government but for A. B. Reading & Bro. and A. M. Paxton & Co. of Vicksburg, from metal those firms supplied. And the plant to do it with: four lathes for boring cannon at $700 apiece, patterns for a boring mill and a rifling machine, and the boring of 27 guns recorded in one summary.
Greek fire
Three separate sheets touch the same secret work: a retort, zinc cups, and 21 pigs of zinc, 976 lb, drawn on Requisition 735 "for making shell for liquid fire." The Memphis ordnance office was experimenting with incendiary shell, and this shop made the apparatus.
Image 1 — Printed file jacket (folder cover), "Quinby & Robinson," Confederate Citizens File, undated
A modern Fold3 vendor header — the fold3 logo, the words "by ancestry," and the URL https://www.fold3.com/image/52175115 — is printed ABOVE the archival scan on this sheet. It is not part of the record and is not transcribed below. The archival image beneath is a photographic reproduction of the printed manila file jacket in which the firm's papers are filed: a tall, narrow cover shot against a black backdrop, light foxing and surface soil, a diagonal crease running up from the lower right corner, and the paper's deckled top edge visible. All printed matter is in a small sans-serif and light rule work; the only manuscript on the cover is the firm name written large across the head in a fine, looping steel-pen hand in black ink, running slightly uphill and overrunning the right edge of the jacket. Every ruled entry line — the card-number columns 1–38, "Number of personal papers herein," "Book Mark," and "See also" — is blank.
Quinby & Robinson
______________________________________________
(CONFEDERATE)
______________________________________________
|
______________________|_______________________
CARD NUMBERS.
______________________________________________
1................... | 20...........................
2................... | 21...........................
3................... | 22...........................
4................... | 23...........................
5................... | 24...........................
6................... | 25...........................
7................... | 26...........................
8................... | 27...........................
9................... | 28...........................
10................... | 29...........................
11................... | 30...........................
12................... | 31...........................
13................... | 32...........................
14................... | 33...........................
15................... | 34...........................
16................... | 35...........................
17................... | 36...........................
18................... | 37...........................
19................... | 38...........................
Number of personal papers herein.............
______________________________________________
Book Mark.....................................
______________________________________________
See also ______________________________________
..............................................
Checks: no figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: The Fold3 header (logo and URL) is a modern vendor addition and is excluded from the transcription, as instructed. The firm name on the cover is "Quinby," not "Quimby": at high magnification the letters after the "Qu" resolve as a single dotted minim (i) followed by a two-stroke n, not a three-stroke m. The jacket carries no date, no card numbers, and no paper count, so it dates the file only by its printed form, not by its contents.
Image 2 — Two items on one frame: back of the file jacket, and a folded Ordnance Department docket, Memphis, 186_ — voucher no. 625[?], total $2469[?]
Two separate items photographed on a single frame. The upper item is the reverse (back) of the same tall printed file jacket seen in image 1: entirely blank except the firm name written across the head in a fine, sloping copperplate hand in black ink, with two horizontal storage folds visible as tone bands across the middle. The lower item is a wide sheet folded in four and photographed folded face-up, so that only the endorsement panel (the third fold from the left) carries writing; the other three panels are blank. On that panel a heavy display line, "Ordnance Department.", is printed in bold sans-serif, with printed script rules above and below for "No. Voucher," and "Memphis, ______ 186_". The manuscript entries are in two inks or weights: the firm name at the very top is faint and thin (nearly rubbed away), the voucher number and the money column are in a bold, black, broad-nibbed hand. The right-hand panel carries a light purple oval handstamp of the Record Division. Both the date line after "Memphis," and the year after "186" are left blank.
[upper item — back of the printed file jacket]
Quinby & Robinson
[remainder of the sheet blank]
[lower item — endorsement panel of a folded docket]
Quinby & Robinson
No. Voucher, 625[?]
______________________________
Ordnance Department.
______________________________
Memphis,......................186
$ 1832 10
...........................................
361[?] 90[?]
2 6 5[?] 74[?]
___________________________________________
2469[?] 74[?]
[right-hand panel, oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION * * * * WAR DEPT.
( REBEL ARCHIVES )
Checks: The money column cannot be proved. The first item, $1832.10, is boldly and certainly written; the two lines beneath it are much fainter and are cut by the printed rules, and the footing is partly blotted. Read as 1832.10 + 361.90 + 265.74 the column comes to 2459.74, which is ten dollars short of the footing as I read it (2469.74); read as 1832.10 + 371.90 + 265.74 it proves exactly at 2469.74. I cannot resolve the second digit of the middle line — it is a closed loop that will serve for either a 6 or a 7 — so the column is left unproved rather than corrected.
Flagged: The middle two figures and the cents of the footing are doubtful, as above; every doubtful digit is marked [?] in the transcription and none has been silently adjusted. The voucher number is bold but ambiguous in its first digit — a large loop that reads most naturally as 6, giving 625, but 125 cannot be excluded. Neither the day nor the year is filled in on the "Memphis, ... 186_" line, so this docket carries no date at all; it can be tied to a particular account only by its money column. Under rule 6, note that this docket is filmed here against the back of the file jacket, not against any account, and its figures ($1832.10 heading a column footing near $2469) do not answer any sheet adjacent to it in this range — see the accounts at images 3 onward. The oval handstamp is a post-war United States War Department mark (Record Division, Rebel Archives), not a Confederate one.
Image 3 — Two items on one frame: account, Ordnance Department–Memphis, January 21, 1862, 8 bronze 12-pdr[?] howitzers, $1832.10; and the folded docket for voucher 625, $265.74
Two items on the frame again. The upper item is a tall printed account form, clean white laid paper, with two horizontal storage folds and one vertical fold, the lower right corner torn away in a clean diagonal (the loss falls in blank space and costs no text). The form is printed with a small-caps title line, a decorative type rule, a large outline-capital "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:" line, and ruled money columns (dollars and cents, in two pairs of columns). Only one line of the body is filled in; the rest of the ruled sheet is blank. The manuscript is a fine, fast, sloping commercial hand in black iron-gall ink, identical in the entry, the receipt and the signature. The lower item is the same kind of four-panel folded docket seen in image 2, photographed folded, with the endorsement panel bearing the printed "Ordnance Department." heading, the manuscript figures, an approval in a bold hand, and a light oval Record Division handstamp partly across the lower panel. Faint bleed-through of writing from the inside of the folded sheet shows on the left panels.
[upper item — the account]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
----------
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
Jany 21, 62 To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
__________________________________________________________
8 12" Howitzers, Bronze 610 [℔][?] | 1832 |10 | |
| | | |
[the remainder of the ruled body is blank]
__________________________________________________________
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
RECEIVED, Memphis, Jany 21st ................, 186 2, of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Eighteen Hundred & Thirty Two 10/100 Dollars, in
full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
[lower item — endorsement panel of the folded docket]
Quinby & Robinson
No. Voucher, 625
Ordnance Department.
Memphis,......................186
$ 2 6 5 74
2 6 5 74
___________________________________________
Approved for Two
Hundred & Sixty five 74/100
Dolls
W R Hunt
Maj[r] Comdg B[?]........[illegible]
[oval handstamp, RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT]
Checks: The account carries a single item and a single extension, $1832.10, and no footing line; the extension is proved against the receipt, which is written out in words as "Eighteen Hundred & Thirty Two 10/100 Dollars" — proves exactly at $1832.10. No rate per pound is stated anywhere on the sheet, so the weight column cannot be checked against the money. The docket proves against itself: $265.74 in figures, repeated in figures, and written out in the approval as "Two Hundred & Sixty five 74/100 Dolls" — proves exactly at $265.74.
Flagged: The certification line ("I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ...") is left entirely blank and unsigned — the printed certificate was never filled in on this copy. The quantity figure is a blotted loop I read as 8, but it is not clean. The calibre mark after "12" is a double prime as written; whether the clerk meant a 12-inch bore or was writing the common shorthand for a 12-pounder is not settled by the sheet, so it is left as he wrote it. The weight figure reads "610" followed by a raised abbreviation and a period; it may be "6107" with the 7 raised. If it is 6107 pounds, the account works out at exactly 30 cents a pound ($1832.10); at 610 pounds it does not work out to any round rate. No rate is written on the sheet, so this is offered as a proposal only and the figure is transcribed as read. The endorsement's last line, Hunt's title after "Maj[r] Comdg", is written small and blotted and I cannot read it with confidence — see the amendment at the end of these notes. Under rule 6: this docket is for $265.74, and the account filmed above it is for $1832.10. The docket does NOT answer its neighbour. It also carries the same voucher number, 625, as the docket at image 2, whose money column is different again; the three figures cannot all belong to one voucher, and the dockets in this range are plainly not filmed beside the accounts they endorse.
Image 4 — Ordnance Department, Memphis: account of Quinby & Robinson, 15 January 1862, for brass castings, castings and wrought iron; receipted 28 January 1862; footed $260.74
One filmed frame carrying two separate items. At the top, a tall printed billhead sheet (a "blue-lined" ruled account form) photographed against a black mask: printed heading ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS. above a printer's ornament, then CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA: in outline caps. The ruled money area at the right has four printed vertical rules making two dollars/cents column pairs. The body is written in at least two hands and two strengths of ink: the three charge lines and the pencil-faint queries and answers in the middle of the sheet are a pale, watery ink that has largely faded out of the scan, while the footing figure is re-entered twice in a very heavy black hand that sits on top of the faded original. The sheet is clean, with light horizontal fold lines and no tears; a small pencilled archival mark sits at the right edge. Below it on the same frame is the folded docket (wrapper) for the voucher, printed Ordnance Department. with No. Voucher, above it, the money line struck through once and re-entered, and an oval [RECEIVED? / BEL.. / WAR DEPARTMENT.] handstamp at the centre-left, very weak. The docket's paper is heavily grained with three vertical fold panels.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
Jany 15 1862 To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
252 1/2 ℔ Submarine Brass Castings 80 | 202 | 00 | ✓
875 ℔ Castings 6c | 52 | 50 |
55 ℔ Wrot Iron 12 | [illegible] | 260 | 74
The above articles have been $ 260 | 74
Received at armory
Geo[?] W Grader
Supt Armory
State for what purpose these 875 ℔ Castings &
55 ℔ Wrot Iron were
The 875 ℔ of Castings are for
Boring Machine Shop
The 55 ℔ Wrought Iron ar for Mandrels
for turning Turning Cannon
74/100 Dol
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to [illegible — faded]
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
W. R. Richardson Hunt[?]
RECEIVED, Memphis, Jany 28 [illegible] 186 2, of W R Hunt
Ordce Officer C S A
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Two hundred Sixty
[struck through: Three hundred & fifty-...] 74/100 Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Quinby & Robinson
[docket, lower image]
Quinby & Robinson
No. Voucher, 225
Ordnance Department.
Memphis, January 28 1862
34
$ [struck through: 214 50]
----------------------
$ 260 . 74/100
[oval handstamp, very faint: RECEIVED[?] / BEL.. / WAR DEPARTMENT.]
Checks: Line 1 proves: 252½ ℔ × $0.80 = $202.00 exactly. Line 2 proves: 875 ℔ × $0.06 = $52.50 exactly. Line 3's extension is too faint to read, so the footing cannot be proved directly; the residual against the clerk's footing of $260.74 is $260.74 − $254.50 = $6.24, which is 52 ℔ at 12¢, not the 55 ℔ the line and the explanatory note both give (55 ℔ at 12¢ would be $6.60 and would foot at $261.10). Recorded as it stands, uncorrected. The footing $260.74 is written three times on the frame — twice in heavy ink on the account and once on the docket — and the receipt spells it out as "Two hundred Sixty ... 74/100," so the total itself is secure even though the line that produced it is not.
Flagged: (1) The receiving officer's signature under "Received at armory" reads "Geo[?] W Grader" — the surname is clear as written but is not a Memphis name I can confirm; the given name may be "Geo." or "Ged." (2) The certifying signature above RECEIVED reads "W. R. Richardson Hunt" — i.e. William Richardson Hunt, who signs the whole 1861 part of this file as W. R. Hunt; the middle word is written out here in full and the first initials are overwritten. (3) The whole certify line ("amounting to ...") has faded past reading; only the marginal "74/100 Dol" survives. (4) Line 3's extension is illegible and does not agree with the residual (see Checks). (5) The docket's struck-through figure reads as something like "$214 50" with "34" interlined above at the right — I cannot read either with confidence, and neither answers the account beside it; per the file's habit this docket does appear to belong to this account (voucher no. 225, Memphis, January 28 1862, $260.74 all agree with the receipt), which is the exception rather than the rule in this file. (6) "Submarine Brass Castings" is read letter by letter and is legible, but no explanation of the purpose is given on the sheet — the clerk's query only asked about the other two lines. (7) The oval handstamp on the docket is too weak to read beyond "WAR DEPARTMENT."; the middle line may be a place or a bureau.
Image 5 — Ordnance Department, Memphis: the signed duplicate of the same 15 January 1862 account of Quinby & Robinson; receipted January 1862; footed $260.74
The second of the "SIGNED DUPLICATES" of the account on image 4, and a far better exposure — this frame is a smaller native image (about 977 × 1600) of the whole sheet, not a rendered full-size sheet, and the paper reads light grey against a heavy black surround. Same printed billhead: ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS. over a printer's ornament, then CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA: in outline caps, on a form ruled with faint blue horizontals and four vertical money rules. One strong vertical fold runs the height of the sheet just inside the left margin and a second across the middle; the right edge is chipped and slightly torn, and there is edge staining down the right-hand quarter with what looks like a faint pencilled endorsement running vertically up the right margin, too weak to read. Ink is a mid-brown iron-gall, thin but even, and much more legible than on image 4; the footing alone is re-entered in a heavier black. Two small square pencil marks (archival collation ticks) sit in the blank field at the centre of the sheet. The certificate block above RECEIVED is printed but was never filled in on this copy.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
Jany 15 1862 To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
252 1/2 ℔ Submarine Brass Castings 80 | 202 | 00
875 ℔ Castings 6c | 52 | 50
55 ℔ Wrot Iron 12 | 6 | 24
The above articles have been $ 260 | 74
Received at Armory
Geo W Grader[?]
Supt Armory
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
[not filled in on this copy]
RECEIVED, Memphis, Jany 21[?]st 186 2, of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Two hundred and Sixty
[struck through: illegible] 74/100 Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $260.74 as footed. 252½ ℔ × 80¢ = $202.00; 875 ℔ × 6¢ = $52.50; the third extension is entered as $6.24; 202.00 + 52.50 + 6.24 = $260.74, which is the footing on this sheet, on the duplicate at image 4, and on the docket filmed with image 4. The third line does NOT prove against its own quantity and rate: 55 ℔ × 12¢ = $6.60, so the extension as entered is 36¢ short of the line as written. Left uncorrected, as it stands.
Flagged: (1) The 36¢ divergence on line 3 (see Checks). An extension of $6.24 is exactly 52 ℔ at 12¢, so the likeliest explanation is that the quantity was reckoned at 52 ℔ when the extension was made; but the line reads 55 on both duplicates, and the clerk's own explanatory note on image 4 says "55 ℔ Wrot Iron" and "The 55 ℔ Wrought Iron" — so 55 is what the record says and 55 is what I have transcribed. (2) This exposure settles two readings that image 4 could not: the third extension ($6.24, illegible on image 4) and the footing (the middle digit is a plain closed oval matching the "0" of "202 00", not a "5" — so $260.74, not $265.74). (3) The receipt's day is written "21" with a superscript ordinal; image 4's receipt appears to read "28" and the docket is dated January 28 1862. One of the two is misread or the duplicates were signed on different days — I cannot resolve it from these two frames. (4) The receiving officer's surname reads "Grader" and the given names "Geo W"; the surname could as easily be Gracler or Gracer. (5) The struck-through matter in the receipt line is beyond reading here. (6) There is no explanation on either duplicate of what "Submarine Brass Castings" were for; the clerk's query on image 4 asked only about the other two lines.
Image 6 — Docket (voucher wrapper), Ordnance Department, Memphis, 26 January 1862, Quinby & Robinson, voucher no. 625, $341.65 — no account filmed with it
The folded outside wrapper of a voucher, filmed flat and landscape (a smaller native image, about 1600 × 985). The sheet is a thin, hard-surfaced white paper folded into four vertical panels; the fold creases are strong and the paper has cockled along them, and there is a light horizontal crease across the lower third. All the writing is on the third panel from the left, which was the outward face when the voucher was folded: a bold, confident clerical hand in black ink, in three ruled slots on a printed form whose only printed element is the display line ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT in heavy sans-serif capitals, with No. Voucher, engraved in script above it and dotted rules under each written line. At the right, straddling the fourth fold panel, is the postwar United States oval handstamp in pale grey — outer ring RECORD DIVISION above and WAR DEPARTMENT. below, separated by a small five-pointed star at the left, with REBEL ARCHIVES. in the inner oval. The left half of the frame is blank paper with two faint pencilled archival collation ticks and some show-through of writing from the enclosed papers; a few illegible ink offsets and a vertical smear of show-through run down the right-hand panel. No account, certificate or receipt is filmed on this frame.
Quinby & Robinson
No. Voucher 625
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, Jany 26th 1862
$ 341[?] 65
------------------
[oval handstamp, right-hand panel:]
RECORD DIVISION ★ WAR DEPARTMENT.
REBEL ARCHIVES.
Checks: No account on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The one figure carried, $341.65, is a docket total only.
Flagged: (1) The middle digit of the dollars is doubtful: the figure reads $341.65, but the digit could be a 6 ($361.65). The cents, 65, are clear, as is the leading 3. (2) This docket does not answer the accounts filmed either side of it. The two duplicate accounts at images 4 and 5 are dated 15 January 1862, are footed $260.74, and the docket filmed with image 4 carries voucher no. 225 and the date 28 January 1862; this one is voucher no. 625, dated 26 January 1862, for $341.65. Nothing in this range of frames accounts for $341.65, so this wrapper belongs to some other Quinby & Robinson voucher — consistent with the file's habit of filming dockets away from the papers they wrapped. Left where it stands. (3) The voucher number is read "625"; the leading digit is a tall narrow loop and is firmly a 6 rather than the 2 of the image-4 docket, but the two dockets' hands differ and the numbers should not be conflated. (4) The vertical show-through on the right-hand panel is not writing on this sheet and is not readable.
Image 7 — Ordnance Department, Memphis: account of Quinby & Robinson, 15 January 1862, for one iron cannon, 3,615 lb at 10¢ = $361.50; receipted 21 January 1862 — with an unrelated docket, voucher no. 792, $1,570.58
Two items on one frame. Above, a tall printed billhead sheet photographed against a black mask, the same form as images 4 and 5: ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS. over a printer's ornament, then CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA in outline capitals, with the ruled money columns at the right. This copy is very clean and lightly written — one charge line, a three-line certificate of correctness by the superintendent of foundries, and the receipt at the foot; the whole middle two-thirds of the sheet is blank ruled paper. A horizontal fold crosses the sheet about a fifth of the way down and has begun to split at the left edge, and a second fold crosses near the middle; the ink is a fine, pale brown, well preserved. Two small pencilled archival ticks sit in the blank field. The certify line above RECEIVED was left unfilled. Below on the same frame is a separate folded docket, four vertical panels, written on the third; heavy foxing and two ink blots at the right-hand fold, a light stain running down the middle fold, and the postwar RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES. / WAR DEPARTMENT. oval handstamp struck across the lower part of the written panel with a small "O.O." pencilled inside it. The docket's hand is thin and hurried and much of it is very faint.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Jany 15[?]/62
✓ 1 12 ʺ Iron Cannon 3615 ʺ 10 | 361 | 50
361 | 50
The above bill is Correct
Jno M W[illegible]
Supt Foundries
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to
[not filled in]
Received, Memphis, Jany 21st 1862, of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Three Hundred & Sixty one 50/100 Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Quinby & Robinson
[docket, lower image]
No. Voucher, 792
Ordnance Department.
Memphis, ______________ 186_
80
$ 388
..........................
6 1181 78
------------------------
$ 1570 58
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for
Three hundred & Eighty
eight — 80/100 Doll.
W R Hunt
Major Comdg [illegible] Arsenal[?]
[oval handstamp: RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES. / WAR DEPARTMENT.; "O.O." pencilled within]
Checks: The account proves exactly at $361.50: 3,615 ℔ × 10¢ = $361.50, entered once in the inner money column and repeated in the outer, and spelled out in the receipt as "Three Hundred & Sixty one 50/100." The docket's own arithmetic also proves exactly: $388.80 + $1,181.78 = $1,570.58, which is the figure written under its rule.
Flagged: (1) The docket does not answer the account above it. The account is $361.50; the docket is voucher no. 792 for $1,570.58, built from two figures ($388.80 approved by Hunt, and $1,181.78) that have no relation to this bill. Neither does it match the image-4 docket (no. 225, $260.74) or the image-6 docket (no. 625, $341.65 or $361.65). It is filmed here but belongs elsewhere. (2) The superscript mark after "12" and after "3615" is the same symbol the clerk uses throughout this file for ℔ (pounds), so the line reads "1 12-℔ Iron Cannon, 3615 ℔" — a 12-pounder gun whose casting weighed 3,615 pounds, billed by weight at 10¢. I have kept the mark as written rather than expanding it. (3) The foundry superintendent's signature reads "Jno M W——" over "Supt Foundries"; the surname is a rapid flourish and I will not guess it. (4) The docket's last line under Hunt's name is faint and partly under the handstamp; "Major Comdg" is clear, the rest is not. (5) The day of the bill is written "15/62" but the first pair could be read "10"; the receipt date, 21 January 1862, is clear. (6) The docket's date and month slots were never filled in.
Image 8 — Ordnance Department, Memphis: account of Quinby & Robinson, 7 January 1862, for 12-pdr cored shell and 12- and 24-pdr balls, 7,776 lb at 5¢ = $388.80; certified 10 January, receipted 11 February 1862 — with a docket, voucher no. 793, $1,181.78
Two items on one frame. Above, the same printed billhead as images 4, 5 and 7 — ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS. over the ornament, CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA: in outline capitals — photographed against a black mask, with three charge lines, a receiving note from the laboratory, a certificate of correctness by Hunt, and the receipt at the foot. The paper is lightly cockled, with a fold across the upper quarter that has begun to split at both edges and another across the middle; two round black ink blots sit in the middle of the sheet, one just under the laboratory superintendent's signature and one lower down in the blank field, and there is a third smaller blot at the right of the receiving line. The hand throughout the charge lines is small, fine and pale; the certificate and receipt are in a heavier, blacker ink. Each of the three charge lines is ticked off in the margin at the right of the money columns. Below on the same frame is the folded docket, four vertical panels, written on the third, printed Ordnance Department. with No. Voucher, in script above; the postwar RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES. / WAR DEPARTMENT. oval handstamp is struck at the foot of the written panel, and the paper is clean apart from soft creasing along the folds.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
Jany 7th 62 To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
611 12 Pd S[?] Cored Shell 6132 ʺ 5 | 306 | 60 | ✓
57 12 ʺ Balls 684 ʺ 5 | 34 | 20 | ✓
40 24 ʺ ʺ 960 5 | 48 | 00 | ✓
$ 388 | 80
the above have been Received at Laboratory
A. C. Wurzbach
Supt
The above account of three hundred
Eighty Eight 80/100 Dol is Correct
Memphis Jany 10th 62 Wm Richardson Hunt
Ord Officer C S A
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
[not filled in]
RECEIVED, Memphis, Feby 11th, 186 2, of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Three Hundred & eighty eight 80/100 Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Quinby & Robinson
[docket, lower image]
No. Voucher, 793
Ordnance Department.
Memphis, ______________ 186_
$ 1181 78/100
-----------------------
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for Eleven
hundred & Eighty one
76[?]/100 Dolls.
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg Post & Arsenal
[oval handstamp: RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES. / WAR DEPARTMENT.]
Checks: The account proves exactly at $388.80. 6,132 ℔ × 5¢ = $306.60; 684 ℔ × 5¢ = $34.20; 960 ℔ × 5¢ = $48.00; 306.60 + 34.20 + 48.00 = $388.80, the figure footed in the outer column, certified by Hunt in words on 10 January, and receipted in words on 11 February. The quantities also prove against the weights at the natural per-piece weights: 57 balls to 684 ℔ is exactly 12 ℔ each and 40 balls to 960 ℔ is exactly 24 ℔ each, matching the 12-pounder and 24-pounder calibres named. The first line does not divide evenly — 6,132 ℔ over 611 pieces is 10.036 ℔ each — which is what one expects of cored shell rather than solid shot, and is not an error in the account. The docket on the same frame is a single figure, $1,181.78, with no arithmetic of its own to prove.
Flagged: (1) The abbreviation between "12 Pd" and "Cored Shell" on the first line is a single capital letter that reads as "S"; it may be an ampersand written in this clerk's stiff hand ("12 Pd & Cored Shell"), or an abbreviation for shot. I have left it as the letter written. (2) The docket does not answer the account above it: this account is $388.80, the docket is voucher no. 793 for $1,181.78. But the pair is not random — the docket filmed with image 7, voucher no. 792, carries "$388.80" and "6 1181.78" added to $1,570.58, and Hunt's approval on it is for "Three hundred & Eighty eight 80/100," which is exactly this account. So voucher 792 is this account's docket, filmed one frame early, and voucher 793 belongs to a $1,181.78 account not filmed in this range; the two were carried together to a combined $1,570.58. (3) The cents in the docket's approval are written "76/100" while the figure above reads "78/100"; the written numerator's second digit is a loop that could be either, and the figure is the better reading. Left as both stand. (4) The laboratory superintendent signs "A. C. Wurzbach"; the surname is clear letter by letter and I have not normalised it. (5) The certify block above RECEIVED was printed but never filled in — Hunt certified in his own hand in the body of the sheet instead. (6) An ink blot obscures the tail of the receiving line to the right of "Laboratory"; nothing appears to be lost.
Image 9 — Ordnance Department, Memphis: account of Quinby & Robinson, 7 January 1862, for 24-, 32- and 64-pdr shot, 24-pdr grape, wrought-iron rings and pins, and putting up grape; certified 10 January, receipted 11 February 1862; footed $1,181.76
The account whose docket is filmed with image 8. A smaller native image of the whole sheet (about 980 × 1600), light grey paper against a black surround, on the same printed billhead — ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS. over the ornament, CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA: in outline capitals — ruled in faint blue with the money columns at the right. Six charge lines in a small, fast, pale hand, each ticked twice: once at the left of the description and once at the right of the money columns. Below them a two-line certificate of correctness by Hunt with his place and date at the left, then a great deal of blank ruled paper, and at the foot the printed certify block (left unfilled) and the receipt. Folds cross the sheet at the top quarter and near the middle; the right edge is chipped and slightly torn and there is light edge staining down the right-hand quarter. Three things sit in the margins: a pencilled "M" (or "Mr") at the left of the fifth charge line; a large pencilled monogram like "JG" in the blank field at the right; and, low in the left margin, a faint pencil addition in a small hand — the account's total set over $388.80 with a sum ruled beneath. Two small square pencil collation ticks appear at the left edge.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
Jany 7th 62 To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
✓ 66 24 ʺ Shot 1584 ʺ 5 | 79 | 20 | ✓
✓ 508 32 ʺ ʺ 16256 ʺ 5 | 812 | 80 | ✓
✓ 52 64 ʺ ʺ 3328 ʺ 5 | 166 | 40 | ✓
✓ 58 Stands 24 ʺ Grape 1682 ʺ 6 | 100 | 92 | ✓
M Wrot Iron Rings & Pins 104 ʺ 16 | 16 | 64 | ✓
Putting up 58 Stands 24 Grape 10 | 5 | 80 | ✓
$ 1181 | 76
The above account of Eleven hundred &
Eighty One 76/100 Dol, is Correct
Memphis Jany 10th 62 . Wm Richardson Hunt
Ord Officer C S A
[pencil monogram: J G]
[pencil, left margin:]
1181 76
388 80
1570 56
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
[not filled in]
RECEIVED, Memphis, Feby 11, 186 2, of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Eleven hundred & eighty one 76/100 Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $1,181.76, and proves twice over. Every quantity proves against its weight at the calibre named — 66 shot to 1,584 ℔ is 24 ℔ each, 508 to 16,256 ℔ is 32 ℔ each, 52 to 3,328 ℔ is 64 ℔ each. Every extension proves: 1,584 × 5¢ = $79.20; 16,256 × 5¢ = $812.80; 3,328 × 5¢ = $166.40; 1,682 × 6¢ = $100.92; 104 × 16¢ = $16.64; 58 stands × 10¢ = $5.80. The six extensions sum to $1,181.76, the figure footed in the outer column, certified in words by Hunt on 10 January and receipted in words on 11 February. The pencil addition in the left margin also proves: $1,181.76 + $388.80 = $1,570.56.
Flagged: (1) A two-cent discrepancy runs through the paperwork for this bill. The account itself is $1,181.76 — footed, certified in words, and receipted in words, three times consistently. The docket filmed with image 8 (voucher no. 793) carries the figure $1,181.78, though its written approval says "Eleven hundred & Eighty one 76/100." The docket filmed with image 7 (voucher no. 792) carries $1,181.78 and a combined total of $1,570.58, while this sheet's own pencil addition gives $1,570.56. The account and the written approvals agree on 76; the two dockets' figures say 78. I have recorded each as it stands and corrected nothing. (2) The rate on the wrought-iron line is 16¢, not the 10¢ it can look like at first — the extension $16.64 proves it (104 × 16¢), and reading it as 10¢ throws the footing out by $6.24. Noted because the digit is easy to misread. (3) The pencil addition in the left margin is very faint; the three figures read 1181 76 / 388 80 / 1570 56 and are self-consistent, but they are pencil and I would not swear to the middle figure's cents from the image alone. (4) The pencilled "M" beside the fifth line and the "JG" monogram in the right-hand field are later marks of some kind, probably clerical or archival, and are not part of the account. (5) The printed certify block above RECEIVED was never filled in, exactly as on images 5, 7 and 8 — on all four sheets Hunt certified in the body of the account instead.
Image 10 — Autograph note, W. R. Hunt to Quinby & Robinson, 12 February 1862, directing shipment of guns by the steamboat Cambridge to Col. Broadwell; with the address wrapper to Capt. Wright, C.S.A., Nashville. No money figures.
Two separate items are filmed one above the other on this frame. The upper item is a small sheet of blue-ruled writing paper, roughly twice as wide as it is tall, laid on a dark board; the left edge is roughly torn and a triangular piece is missing from the lower right corner, taking no text. The hand is a rapid, right-slanted, thin-nibbed script in black ink, written across the rules with generous spacing; the writer used only the upper half of the sheet, leaving the lower third blank. Two words in the fourth line are obliterated by a heavy scribble of the same ink, laid on wet enough to spread and feather. The lower item is the unfolded address wrapper for the same note: a larger sheet, creased in a cross of two vertical and one horizontal fold, showing the address panel in a much bolder, showier hand with heavy shaded downstrokes, a small dark ink blot before "Nashville," and a large oval purple-black handstamp of the Record Division, Rebel Archives, struck across the right-hand third. Three separate later endorsements in ink run vertically up the right-hand side of the wrapper. Small dark film-target squares appear beside both items.
[upper item — note sheet]
Messrs Quinby & Robinson
Col Broadwell has placed
in my hands the funds to settle your bill
you will ‹two words struck through, illegible› guns this evening
St. B
on the Cambridge direct to Col Broadwell
& take the recpt of the boat for the same,
On the presentation of that recpt your bill
will be paid in accordance with your Contract
Feby 12th 1862 Respectfully
Wm Richardson Hunt
Ord Officer CSA
[lower item — address wrapper]
Capt. Wright. C.S.A.
Nashville
Tenn
Favor
W. S.[?] Wells
[handstamp, oval, struck over the right of the panel:]
★ RECORD DIVISION,
REBEL ARCHIVES,
WAR DEPARTMENT. ★
[endorsements written vertically up the right edge, outermost first:]
Quinby & Robinson
To
M. H. Wright
For Block Tin
[a further ink flourish or signature runs vertically across the left
edge of the handstamp — [illegible]]
Checks: No figures on either item — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: The final digit of the year is written small and tight; read against the clerk's own "2" in "12th" on the same line — same top hook, same diagonal, same long horizontal base stroke — it is a 2, giving Feby 12th 1862. It is not a 4: there is no mid-height crossbar and no stem descending below the base stroke. The reading is also the only one the contents allow, since the wrapper is addressed to Nashville, which was Confederate only until 25 February 1862. Recorded here as a reading from the page, not a correction. — The two words struck out in line four are obliterated past recovery; a verb of shipping is implied by "guns this evening / on the St. B Cambridge," but nothing under the scribble can be made out and none is supplied. — "St. B" is written small above the line before "Cambridge," plainly for the steamboat; expanded nowhere in the transcription. — The middle initial of "W. S. Wells" is a looped capital that could as easily be read L; flagged, not resolved. — "For Block Tin" is the reading of the second vertical endorsement; block tin is a period commodity term and the letters support it, but the hand is very light. — Proposal, offered as outside knowledge and not entered above: "Capt. Wright" and the endorsement "M. H. Wright" are very likely the same man, Capt. Moses H. Wright, C.S. Ordnance, at Nashville; "Col Broadwell" is likely W. A. Broadwell. Neither is confirmed from anything on these two sheets. — The endorsement "Quinby & Robinson / To / M. H. Wright" is a filing docket on the wrapper itself and does answer the enclosed note, so in this instance the docket and its document belong together. "For Block Tin," however, names a commodity nowhere mentioned in the note, which is about guns; it may be an unrelated later filing note, and its subject is not proved by its neighbour.
Image 11 — Autograph letter, Quinby & Robinson to Capt. Wright, undated, asking for 200 or 300 lb. of block tin for guns for Missouri, with a postscript asking for a letter of recommendation to Gorgas; and a printed Military Store receipt, Memphis, Tenn., 13 January 1862, for one 12-pounder bronze howitzer cast by the firm. No money figures on either sheet.
Again two items on one frame. The upper is a tall, narrow half-sheet of unruled cream writing paper, laid vertically, with the text confined to the top third and more than half the sheet left blank; there is a soft horizontal fold about a third down and light foxing along the left edge. The hand is a fluent, forward-leaning business script in black ink, thicker and more confident than the note on image 10, with strong shaded downstrokes on the capitals and a flourished company signature. Two words are underscored for emphasis, one lightly and one firmly, and the abbreviation "Mo" carries both an underline sweep and a double stroke. Below the signature and after a clear gap comes a postscript in the same hand, run to the very foot of the written block and signed with a personal signature. The lower item is a wider printed form on smooth white paper, its right edge slightly ragged and a vertical fold down the centre; the printed matter is set in an engraved copperplate script for the small words and a heavy fat-face slab-serif for the two display words, with the whole of the rest filled in by hand in a fine, flowing clerk's script. Small dark film-target squares sit at the left and lower right of both items.
[upper item — letter]
Capt Wright.
If in your power to let us
have 2 or 300℔ Block Tin or let us Know
where to get it you will confer a favor
that will be lasting. We want it for Guns for
Mo⁻ and lack about that much
Accomodate us if in your power and
oblige.
Yours Truly
Quinby & Robinson
Give me a letter to Gorgas at Richmond
Stating the quality of our work and
what you think of our Cepacity[?]
Our Machine Shop is larger than
before by one half. Speed[?] by Wells
W. T.[?] Quinby
[lower item — printed receipt; printed matter in CAPITALS below
is set large, the rest of the printed line in engraved script]
Memphis, Tenn, January 13 1862
Received, at MILITARY STORE, of
G. W. Trader[?]
1 — 12℔ Bronze Howitzer
Cast by Quinby & Robinson
Jno E Logwood[?]
pᵉʳ Jno W Ryan[?] Jr
Clerk
Checks: No money figures on either item. The receipt states a quantity only — one 12-pounder bronze howitzer — with no rate, extension or footing, so there is no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: The letter carries no date and no place. It is filed next to a Memphis receipt of 13 January 1862 and it names Capt. Wright, but nothing on the letter itself dates it; no date is supplied. — The superscript mark after "300" and after "12" is the same glyph in two different hands, a small looped stroke used as the pound sign; rendered here as ℔ in both places. Note that this makes "12℔ Bronze Howitzer" the clerk's own way of writing a 12-pounder, not a weight. — "Cepacity[?]": the second letter is formed as an open loop and reads as an e, but this writer's a is also loosely closed, so a careless "Capacity" is possible. Left as written. — "Speed[?] by Wells": the word before "by Wells" begins with a clear capital S and ends with an unlooped d; Speed is the best fit for the strokes, but Send cannot be ruled out and would read more naturally. The bearer is presumably the same W. S. Wells who carried the wrapper on image 10. — "W. T.[?] Quinby": the middle initial is a single-barred capital, most like T but possibly F. — "G. W. Trader[?]": the surname's initial carries a long horizontal top stroke, which argues T over C or G; Crader and Grader are the alternatives. — "Jno E Logwood[?]": after "Log" the pen runs a string of joined minims and ends on a rising stroke with no clear ascender loop; Logwood fits the count and is a known Memphis name, but the reading is not certain. — "Jno W Ryan[?] Jr": the surname is a capital R with a very large flourish, a descender letter, and "an"; Ryan is the best fit, Rogan and Regan are possible. — Proposal, outside knowledge, not entered above: "Gorgas at Richmond" is Col. Josiah Gorgas, Chief of Confederate Ordnance; "Mo" is Missouri. — This frame independently confirms the endorsement "For Block Tin" read on image 10, which is plainly a filing note for this very request; the two documents belong to the same exchange even though they are filmed on separate frames.
Image 12 — Two items filmed in one frame: (a) Military Store receipt, Memphis, January 16, 1862, for two 12-pdr bronze howitzers cast by Quinby & Robinson; (b) a group of three overlapping papers — a Memphis city weigher's ticket of January 9, 1862 (1 cannon, net 3,615 lb), a printed "ORDER FROM … ROBINSON" form of January 18, 1862, and a manuscript order to deliver an iron 12-pdr siege gun for test. No money totals on either.
The frame holds two separate photographs stacked on one page, both laid on a black backing. The upper item is a single printed billhead of about quarto size, lightly toned, with one vertical centre fold and one horizontal fold across the middle; the lower edge is torn and irregular. It is written in a fine grey-brown iron-gall ink in one small, sloping, well-schooled hand. Below the signature is a large faint oval handstamp roughly three and a half inches across, almost entirely effaced — only a five-pointed star at its left edge and a few traces of letters survive; it cannot be read. The lower item is a nest of three papers laid one on another and photographed together: at the upper left a small printed weigher's ticket (a Memphis city-inspector form) laid on top; behind and beneath it a larger printed order form whose head is largely covered, so that only a single big capital at the left and the word "ROBINSON," at the right of the firm line show; and lying across the whole bottom half a separate slip carrying a manuscript order in a large, fast, confident hand. The overlapping edges hide the leading digit of the weigher's gross figure, the first half of the printed firm name, and most of the order form's body; a few words in the covered sheet's hand ("…ished") show past the right edge of the covering slip. Faint grey "13" register marks appear near the corners of the lower group — filming marks, not part of the documents.
[a — UPPER ITEM: printed billhead]
Memphis, Tenn, January 16 1862
Received, at MILITARY STORE, of
G W Grader[?]
2 - 12ᵈ Bronze Howitzers
Cast by Quinby & Robinson
Jno E Legrand M S K[?]
for Jno M B[?]ryan Jr[?]
[large faint oval handstamp, illegible; star at left]
[b — LOWER GROUP]
[b.1 — printed city weigher's ticket, laid on top at upper left;
printed matter in small type, manuscript in a broad pen]
1 Cannon
———————— MEMPHIS, ......Jan[y]... 9 .........186 2
Cart No....Wagon.....
Dray No..............
[?],390 - 277 ˢ = 3615 - Nett
Weight of Coal
200 lbs. } .................Barrels.
......[?]emoyne[?]...... City Inspector.
[b.2 — printed order form, mostly covered by b.1 and b.3]
[U]...... Memphis, Jaury 18 18 6 2
ORDER FROM
................ R O B I N S O N ,
......[Le]grand...... the following articles:
C S A
Military Store
————————————————————————————————————————
MARKS
[....]ished
[....]er
[b.3 — manuscript slip laid across the lower half]
Messrs Quinby & Robinson
Will deliver the
Iron twelve pdr Seige gun to Mr
Fraley[?] to be tested & Inspected
Jany 9th/62 —
Jno M[?] Robinson
Supt Foundry
Checks: No money on any of the three papers — no extensions or footings to prove. The only arithmetic is on the weigher's ticket, and it does not prove as read: the gross figure's leading digit is hidden under the overlapping slip, leaving "[?],390"; "277" and "3615" are both certain. No single leading digit makes [?]390 − 277 = 3615 (3,390 − 277 = 3,113; 4,390 − 277 = 4,113). Either a digit of the gross is being defeated by the overlap, or the net was carried from a separate weighing. 3,892 − 277 would give 3,615 exactly, but the sheet does not read 3,892.
Flagged: The consignor's name on the upper receipt reads "G W Grader" — the surname is legible letter by letter but the name is unfamiliar; "Gnader" is possible. The receipt-signer's trailing abbreviation after "Jno E Legrand" resolves as three letters, most plausibly "M S K"; I read the "M" and a final "K" confidently and the middle character only as a small raised "s". Do not print it as an expansion. "Legrand" is confirmed by the far larger, clearer instance of the same name on the order form below. The countersignature reads "for Jno M B[?]ryan Jr[?]". It is the same signature, by the same hand, as the one on image 13 (which is the same sheet as b.2 here, uncovered); the surname's capital is a single tall loop closing into one bowl, so "B" or "R", giving "Bryan" or "Ryan" — "Hogan" is not supported by the strokes. The terminal "Jr" is a bare flourish. The city inspector's signature ends "…emoyne" but its initial capital cannot be resolved — "L", "S" and "B" are all possible. The weigher's month is written over a heavy ink blot: "Ja[n]y" is certain from context of the "9" and the "1862", but the "n" is buried. On the order form the firm line is covered by the weigher's ticket, leaving only one large printed capital at the left (a "U", consistent with QUINBY but not a reading of it) and "ROBINSON," at the right; do not quote the form's firm name from this frame. The order form's day figure is a heavily overwritten scrawl before the printed "18 " and cannot be read with confidence; the year is completed by hand as "6 2". On the manuscript slip, "Fraley" is doubtful — the capital carries a crossbar, so "F" or "T"; "Bradley" is not supported by the strokes. The signature "Jno M Robinson, Supt Foundry" is doubtful in the middle initial only (an "M" or "W"). The clerk's spelling "Seige" is his own and is left uncorrected. The two items in this frame are of different dates (Jan. 9, 16 and 18, 1862) and different hands, and were filmed together only because the scan carries two photographs; nothing here is a docket to any account, and none should be paired with a neighbouring account on the strength of this frame.
Image 13 — Two items filmed in one frame: (a) the same printed Quinby & Robinson receipt seen covered in image 12, here uncovered — Memphis, January 18, 1862, one 12-pdr iron cannon finished, received for the C.S.A. Military Store; (b) the address leaf of a folded letter to the firm, endorsed March[?] 25/62, carrying the "RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES" handstamp. No money totals on either.
Again two photographs on one page. The upper item is the firm's own printed receipt form, a wide oblong sheet laid on a black backing, lightly toned, with a vertical crease down the middle and light foxing at the head; the printed matter is in three sizes of type, the manuscript in a fine black ink in the same practised hand that signed the receipt in image 12. Two blank papers lie over the sheet at the left — a small square slip with a punched round hole, laid at an angle across the upper-left corner and covering the printed "Q" of the firm name, and behind it a larger blank folded leaf; neither carries writing on the side shown. The lower item is a single leaf of a folded letter, the outside of the wrapper, with three strong horizontal fold lines dividing it into panels. The top panel carries the last two lines and the subscription of a letter written on the inside; the middle panel carries the address, an oval purple-black handstamp of the postwar Record Division, and a file endorsement written sideways up the right-hand edge; the bottom panel is covered with pale pen-trial scribbles — rows of practice loops and ovals, no words. A small "7" is inked at the upper right.
[a — printed receipt]
RECIVED, Memphis, Jany 18 18 6 2
IN GOOD ORDER FROM
[Q]U I N B Y & R O B I N S O N ,
by J E Legrand the following articles:
C S A
Military Store
————————————————————————————————————————————————————
MARKS. | ARTICLES. | WEIGHT.
————————————————————————————————————————————————————
| 1 12 Pdr Iron Cannon finished
|
| J E Legrand M S K[?]
| pr J M B[?]ryan Jr[?]
————————————————————————————————————————————————————
[b — address leaf of a folded letter]
[top panel — end of the letter]
letter by Mail or Steamer at
the public cost
Respectfully
Your Obdt Sevt
[no name follows]
[middle panel]
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION,
REBEL ARCHIVES
[ * ..... * ]
To
Mess Quinby & Robinson -
Memphis
Tennessee[?]
[sideways up the right edge, in a different ink:]
Arch[?] 25 / 62
Quinby & Robinson
[bottom panel — pen trials only, no text]
Checks: No money and no quantities beyond the single "1" on either item — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: The printed word at the head of the receipt is "RECIVED" — the form itself is misprinted, and it is left uncorrected here. The "Q" of QUINBY is not on the exposed surface: it is covered by the blank punched slip lying over the corner, so this frame shows only "UINBY & ROBINSON," even though the letter is certainly present under the slip. The month is written "Jany"; the day is a heavily overwritten bold figure that reads "18" but is thick enough that "13" or "16" cannot be entirely excluded — the "18" of the printed "18__" that follows it is printed, and only the "6 2" completing the year is manuscript. "J E Legrand" is here fully legible and confirms the doubtful reading on image 12. The abbreviation following his name resolves into three characters, first an "M", last a "K", with a small raised middle letter that is most consistent with "s"; I have set it "M S K" but it should not be printed as an expansion. The countersignature "pr J M B[?]ryan Jr[?]" is the same signature as on image 12; the surname's initial is a tall loop closing into a single bowl, so "B" or "R" — "Bryan" and "Ryan" are both possible and "Hogan" is not. The letter's subscription "Your Obdt Sevt" is followed by nothing: no signature appears on this leaf, so the writer is not named anywhere in this frame. The endorsement's month reads "Arch", which is how this clerk's "March" habitually appears elsewhere, but as written it is "Arch" and I have not corrected it. "Tennessee" is a running scrawl in which the minims cannot be counted.
Docket pairing: The address leaf (b) is NOT the docket of the receipt (a), even though the two are filmed in one frame. The receipt is Memphis, January 18, 1862; the endorsement on the leaf is dated 25 March 1862 — more than two months later — and the leaf is a letter wrapper, not an account docket. The only thing they share is the firm's name and the city. The receipt (a) is, however, demonstrably the same physical sheet as item b.2 of image 12: same printed form, same date, same "C S A / Military Store", and the word "finished" that shows past the edge of the covering slip in image 12 is the last word of the article line here. Treat images 12 and 13 as two exposures of one group, not as two separate accounts.
Image 14 — Letter, Head Quarters Army of the Mississippi, Jackson, March 25th 1862, to "Gentlemen" (Quinby & Robinson): Beauregard's instructions on removing their machinery to the interior; first leaf, unsigned on this page; no figures
A tall single leaf of thin, unruled cream writing paper photographed against a black ground, the left edge showing the deckle of the fold where the sheet was once part of a folded bifolium. The sheet carries two horizontal folds, one across the upper third and one about two-thirds down, both visible as pale creases running the full width; the paper is otherwise sound, with no tears, losses, or staining beyond a light overall tone. The writing is a fluent, sloping, thin-nibbed clerical hand in brown-black iron-gall ink, well spaced, about nineteen lines to the page, with two interlined insertions carried on carets. Down the left-hand quarter of the sheet, and heaviest in the lower half, is a strong grey show-through of the writing on the reverse — large looped capitals and descenders reading backwards — which must not be mistaken for writing on this face. At the head, well in from the left edge, a heavy black ink tick or check mark; below it, at the extreme left edge, a very faint pencil letter "B". No printed letterhead, no archival handstamp, no file number, and no docket appear on this face. The text breaks off mid-sentence at the foot of the sheet.
✓
B
Head Qrs Army of the Miss
Jackson Mch. 25th 1862.
Gentlemen
Your letter of the 17th[?]
^Major
instant to Genl Polk having
been Submitted to Genl
Beauregard I am instruc-
ted to answer, that after
all public Supplies and
Material have been removed
that may be desired to be
transferred to any other
point he will be pleased
to give you facilities for the
removal of your Machinery
to the interior — All Machin-
ery or Material necessary
^Military
in the manufactury[?] of your
supplies of course should
have precedence on the roads
over all other private
freight.
By water the river is
open — I am not authorized
however to order the trans=
portation of your Machinery
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) The day of the letter answered — written "of the 1?th" — is not certain. The second digit is a single curved stroke that reads best as a 7, giving "17th", but a 9 cannot be excluded; recorded as 17th[?]. (2) The date line gives no state: it reads "Jackson Mch. 25th 1862." with nothing after "Jackson". Proposal only, not part of the transcription — Beauregard's Army of the Mississippi had its head quarters at Jackson, Tennessee in March 1862, and the writer's reference to river navigation being open fits that; but the sheet itself does not say, and the state should not be supplied in print without another source. (3) "Mch." for March is written with a heavily flourished capital and could be misread; the "ch." is clear. (4) The word transcribed "manufactury" ends in a full descending looped letter, which in this hand is a "y", not the "e" of "manufacture"; I have kept what is written and flagged it rather than normalising to "manufactory". (5) Two interlineations, both on carets: "Major" inserted before "Genl Polk", and a word read as "Military" inserted before "supplies". The second is small, faint and sits in the crease of a fold; "Military" fits the sense and the visible letter-count but is not certain. (6) In "of course should" the word "course" carries a heavy overwriting or correction in the middle — one or two letters have been gone over — but the word as it stands reads "course". (7) The letter is unsigned on this face and breaks off mid-sentence; the signature and remainder must be on a following image. (8) The bold ink tick at the head and the pencil "B" at the left edge are later marks, not part of the letter.
Image 15 — Folded endorsement jacket, Richmond, Navy Department / Ordnance Bureau / Secretary of War, August 26 1862: contract with Quinby & Robinson, requisition ordered for $100,000 in Treasury notes; docketed "# 1453. — $100.000"
A folded foolscap jacket photographed opened out and landscape against a black ground, so that the sheet reads as four vertical panels divided by three sharp vertical folds, crossed by two horizontal folds. The paper is thin, unruled, and lightly toned, with heavy creasing along the folds and some cockling; there are no tears or losses, and no text is lost to damage. Three separate hands in brown-black ink occupy three of the four panels. Panel one (far left) carries the Navy Department's reply in a fine, sloping, thin-nibbed hand with a bold flourished signature, and below it, in a heavier and larger hand with a broader nib, the Secretary of War's direction to the Requisition Clerk. Panel two (centre-left) is blank. Panel three (centre-right) carries the Ordnance Bureau's endorsement in a compact, upright, rather blunt hand. Panel four (far right) is the printed-ruled docket face, made up of four heavy horizontal rules dividing three writing bands; the file number and amount are entered in the top band in bold ink, the firm's name in the middle band in a large round hand, and a lighter, thinner reference line in the lowest band. Struck across the lower half of the docket panel is the oval archival handstamp in faded purple-grey: "RECORD DIVISION," around the top, "REBEL ARCHIVES" in the inner oval, "WAR DEPARTMENT" around the bottom, with a star at each side. A faint pencil letter "B" sits at the extreme left edge beside the lower endorsement. No printed letterhead of any kind appears.
[Panel 1 — left]
Navy Dept
Augt. 26 62
The contract with
Mess. Quinby and
Robinson was made
in triplicate and a
copy furnished the
War Department.
A copy is on file
in the Navy De=
-partment.
E M Tidball[?]
Chief Clerk
Requisition Clerk
make requisition in
favor of Mess. Quinby &
Robinson for $100.000.
in Treasury notes, on
Appropriation for
manufacture of iron
[G?] W Randolph
Sec of War
[Panel 2 — centre-left: blank]
[Panel 3 — centre-right]
The Ord: Bureau has
no information in relation
to the contract, nor a
copy of it. It must act
under such instructions
as the Sec[y] of War may
give — It was made in
the Navy Dept —
J Gorgas
Chf of Ord
[Panel 4 — right, docket face]
═══════════════════════════════
# 1453. ———————— $100. 000
═══════════════════════════════
Quinby & Robinson
═══════════════════════════════
Genl Appn[?] fo 211
═══════════════════════════════
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION, / ★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★ / WAR DEPARTMENT
Checks: The only figure on the sheet is $100,000, and it is written twice — "$100.000." in the Secretary's direction to the Requisition Clerk, and "$100. 000" in the docket band at the head of the file panel. The two agree. There are no extensions or footings to prove, so no arithmetic beyond that agreement.
Flagged: (1) The Navy Department signature is a practised flourish. The office beneath it, "Chief Clerk", is legible, and the surname plainly ends "-dball", which with the visible tall letters gives "Tidball"; the initials before it are compressed into the flourish and cannot be separated with certainty, so I have set them as read and marked the whole name doubtful. Proposal only, not part of the transcription: E. M. Tidball served as Chief Clerk of the Confederate Navy Department, which would fit — to be confirmed from an independent source, not assumed from this sheet. (2) The Secretary of War's signature begins with a small looped mark that may be a capital G or the word "by"; the rest reads "W Randolph" and the office line "Sec of War" is clear. I have set the first element as [G?]. Proposal only: George W. Randolph was Confederate Secretary of War in August 1862. (3) The Ordnance signature reads "J Gorgas" over "Chf of Ord" — both short and heavily abbreviated but legible. (4) "Sec[y] of War" in the Ordnance endorsement is abbreviated with a terminal flourish rather than a clear "y". (5) The lowest docket line is written in a thinner, paler ink than the rest and reads "Genl Appn fo 211"; "Appn" (for Appropriation) is the likeliest expansion of the compressed second word but is not certain, and the "fo" may instead be a badly formed "No". (6) The clerks write one hundred thousand dollars as "$100.000" with a period where a modern comma would stand; this is the period usage and has been kept exactly. (7) Note that this jacket concerns a Navy Department contract, and the Ordnance Bureau expressly disclaims knowledge of it — the sheet is a War Department file wrapper for a Navy matter, so its $100,000 does not answer any of the small ordnance accounts elsewhere in this file. Do not read the docket figure as the total of a neighbouring account.
Image 16 — Letter, Rome, Ga., 22 August 1862, to Hon. Geo. W. Randolph, Secretary of War, Richmond: extinguishing liens on the Iron Works and conveying them through Maj. Cooper to Quinby & Robinson, with a mortgage to the Confederate States; first page, no figures
A tall single leaf of thin, unruled cream writing paper, photographed against a black ground with a narrow dark border on all four sides. One horizontal fold crosses the sheet a little above the middle and shows as a pale line running the full width; the paper is sound, with no tears, losses or staining, and no text is obscured by damage. The writing is a large, confident, well-spaced lawyer's or businessman's hand in brown-black iron-gall ink, sloping right, with heavy shading on the down-strokes and long flourished capitals — quite unlike the clerical hands elsewhere in the file. Across the upper third of the sheet, and faintly over the whole page, runs a strong grey show-through of the writing on the reverse, reading backwards; in the top inch it is dense enough to be mistaken for a line of text, but nothing on this face is written above the dateline. Several words are underscored by the writer — "Manassas", "Cassville", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Marietta" and others carry a single stroke. There is no printed letterhead, no archival handstamp, no file number and no docket on this face, and no pencil marks. The text runs to the foot of the sheet and breaks off mid-sentence.
Rome Ga. 22° Aug. 1862.
Hon
Geo. W. Randolph.
Secretary of War.
Richmond.
Sir,
Arrived
here today in Company with Mess.
Cooper - Quinby & Robinson, and have
extinguished the lien of Messrs Cothran,
Shorter Et. al, had the Iron Works
reconveyed by them to Maj Cooper
& conveyed by Maj Cooper to Messrs
Q & R, and a mortgage from these
last named Gentlemen to the Confederate
States of America —
I propose to proceed hence to Manassas
(formerly Cassville) and to spend
tomorrow in discharging judgments
there — Next Monday & Tuesday being
the return days for Our Circuit
Court, I shall spend in Marietta,
but hope to proceed on Tuesday night
or Wednesday to Augusta & Charleston
to extinguish the liens held there.
I propose to have the Conveyances
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) The day of the month is written "22" followed by a small raised circle rather than a formed ordinal; it is almost certainly the writer's habitual superscript for "d" (22d), but as it stands on the paper it is a raised ring, and I have set it as "22°" rather than expand it. (2) The letter is unsigned on this face and breaks off mid-sentence at the foot; the continuation and signature must be on a following image. Nothing on this page names the writer. (3) "Cothran, Shorter Et. al" — both surnames are clearly written; the abbreviation is the writer's own "Et. al". (4) "Maj Cooper" is written twice without a stop after "Maj"; the second instance has a heavy overwritten flourish on "Cooper" where the pen was gone over, but the word is not in doubt. (5) "Mess." and "Messrs" both appear, with the terminal letters raised; I have set them as written rather than standardise. (6) Proposal only, not part of the transcription: the "Iron Works" at Rome, Georgia and the renaming of Cassville, Ga. as Manassas are both matters that can be checked in other sources; nothing on this sheet identifies which works are meant, and no name should be supplied in print. (7) The dense reversed script across the top third is show-through from the reverse of this same leaf, not writing on this face.
Image 17 — Second and final page of the Rome, Ga. letter of 22 August 1862, signed Andw J. Hansell: conveyances to be recorded at Manassas, Quinby & Robinson ready to receive Treasury Notes and Bonds under their contract; asks whether to bring the vouchers to Richmond or send them by Express; no figures
A tall single leaf matching Image 16 in paper and size, photographed against a black ground with a dark border. The upper half carries about twenty lines of the same large, sloping, heavily shaded hand in brown-black ink, ending in the complimentary close and signature at roughly two-thirds height; the lower third of the sheet is blank of original writing. That lower third is, however, crowded with a strong mirrored show-through from the other side of the leaf — perhaps a dozen lines of reversed script, and, at the lower left, the oval archival handstamp seen back-to-front, its legends readable in reverse as "WAR DEPARTMENT" across the top of the oval, "REBEL ARCHIVES" through the middle, "RECORD DIVISION," across the bottom, with a star at the right. The stamp is therefore struck on the reverse of this leaf, not on this face. A pale horizontal fold crosses the sheet just below the signature. The paper is sound; nothing is lost to damage. A small stray ink dot sits in the left margin at the second line, and there are one or two other flecks. No printed matter, no file number and no pencil marks on this face.
of the property executed here today
Recorded tomorrow at Manassas —
That being done, and the
funds being left still in my hands
to pay off the liens, Messrs Q & R,
are in condition to receive from
you such sums in Treasury Notes,
& Bonds as are stipulated in their
Contract with you —
When I shall have fully
paid off all the liens, shall I report
myself to you at Richmond with
the Vouchers, & Securities, or send
them by Express? Will you
please instruct me (at Marietta)
on this point —
I have the honor to remain
With Sentiments of highest esteem,
Your Most Obd. Servt.
Andw J. Hansell
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) The signature is clear: "Andw J. Hansell", the surname unambiguously H-a-n-s-e-l-l, preceded by a small double-stroke flourish which is decoration, not a letter. The forename is the standard contraction for Andrew, written "Andw" with the "w" raised. Nothing on either page states the writer's office or capacity. (2) This page continues Image 16 without a break — the first words, "of the property", complete "I propose to have the Conveyances" at the foot of that sheet — but the two are separate leaves, and the reader should not assume they were filmed as recto and verso of one leaf: the oval handstamp shows through in reverse on this page and is absent from Image 16 altogether. (3) "Obd. Servt." is written with raised terminal letters; kept as written. (4) "Marietta" is enclosed in the writer's own parentheses. (5) The lower third of the page carries no original writing; everything visible there is reversed show-through, including the handstamp, and must not be read as text on this face.
Image 18 — Small endorsement slip: letter From Col. J. H. Burton To Macon & Western R. R. Co. respecting castings for Quinby & Robinson, Etowah, Sept. 20 1862, "Marked A"; no figures
A small oblong scrap of laid writing paper, wider than it is tall, photographed loose on a black ground so that all four edges show — the top and bottom edges roughly torn with a ragged deckle, the left and right edges cleaner. The laid lines of the paper run horizontally and are plainly visible in the raking light of the scan, as are two soft diagonal creases across the right half. The paper is a warm grey-white, slightly cockled, with a dark ink blot or stain at the lower left edge and one or two small flecks elsewhere. Seven lines of a large, open, flowing hand in brown-black ink fill the upper two-thirds, laid out as a filing summary rather than as prose, each line stepping in from the one above. The last line ends with a capital A drawn inside a hand-ruled diamond or lozenge. There is no printed matter, no handstamp, no file number and no pencil marking. Nothing is lost to damage; the torn edges fall clear of the writing.
From. Col. J. H. Burton
To. Macon & Western RR Co
Rs.[?] Castings
for. Quinby & Robinson
Etowah[?]
Sept. 20 1862
Marked ⟨A⟩
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) The abbreviation before "Castings" is a capital R followed by a single small letter and a period. It reads best as "Rs." (for "Respecting"), but the second letter could be an "e", giving "Re."; recorded as Rs.[?]. (2) The place-name on the fifth line begins clearly "Eto-" and ends in a flattened terminal that is most naturally "-wah", but the last two letters are run together and could be read "-was"; recorded as Etowah[?]. Proposal only, not part of the transcription: the Etowah Iron Works in Bartow (formerly Cass) County, Georgia would fit both this slip and the Rome, Georgia letters at Images 16–17, but the slip itself supplies no more than the bare word. (3) "Col. J. H. Burton" is legible throughout; both initials are distinct. Proposal only: Lt. Col. James H. Burton was the Confederate superintendent of armories — to be established elsewhere, not from this scrap. (4) "Macon & Western RR Co" is written with the company abbreviation raised and unpunctuated. (5) The final "A" is enclosed in a hand-drawn four-sided figure; I have rendered it ⟨A⟩. This is a filing or exhibit mark, and "Marked A" should not be confused with a voucher number. (6) The slip carries no addressee, no signature, and no amount; it is a wrapper or index note for a letter that is not on this image, so nothing here answers or proves any account in the file.
Image 19 — Cross-reference slip: "Quimby & Robinson / See Claim of Capt. E. P. Byrne / filed with Missi. Vouchers"; undated, no place, no figures
A narrow upright strip of blue-ruled writing paper, roughly twice as tall as it is wide, photographed against a black ground. The horizontal rules of the paper run right across the sheet and are clearly visible; the upper left corner is turned or torn away in a small triangular loss that falls above the writing and costs no text. The paper is clean and pale, with a faint pencil letter "B" at the top right and another faint pencil mark at the left about mid-height. Four lines of a fine, elegant, copperplate-like clerk's hand in brown-black ink occupy the top fifth of the strip; the remaining four-fifths are blank apart from the handstamp. Struck across the middle and lower half, at a slant and much larger than the writing, is the oval archival handstamp in grey-black: "RECORD DIVISION," around the top of the outer oval (much faded and only partly legible), "REBEL ARCHIVES." in large letters within the inner oval, "WAR DEPARTMENT." around the bottom, with a five-pointed star at each side. There is no printed matter, no date, no file number and no signature.
Quimby & Robinson
See Claim of
Capt. E. P. Byrne
filed with Missi. Vouchers
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION, / ★ REBEL ARCHIVES. ★ / WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) The firm's name is spelt "Quimby" here, with an m, not the "Quinby" used on the accounts and endorsements elsewhere in this range. The m is unmistakable — three full minims — and I have kept it. The variant should be recorded, not corrected. (2) The captain's first initial is a looped script capital that reads as E; a B cannot be entirely excluded from the form alone, though E is much the better fit. The second initial P and the surname Byrne are clear. (3) "Missi." is the writer's contraction, presumably for Mississippi; it is written exactly so, with the terminal letters undotted and a single stop. (4) The slip bears no date, no place and no signature, and names no sum. It is a finding-aid note directing the reader to another body of records; it answers nothing in this file and should not be treated as an endorsement on any neighbouring account. (5) The top-left corner loss is old and clean and removes no writing.
Image 20 — Cross-reference slip: "Quinby & Robertson — Relative to sale of Etowah Iron Works", with chapter and page citations (chap 9.34.309; 9.37.13 No 160; 9.34.316); undated, no place, no money figures
A narrow upright strip of blue-ruled paper of the same stock and format as Image 19, photographed against a black ground, the horizontal rules running across the sheet. Five lines of a modern-looking, blunt, rather square hand — clearly a later archivist's or clerk's, not a wartime one — are written across the ruled lines at the top in a dark, dense ink that sits heavily on the paper; the writing is upright, unshaded, and quite unlike any of the Confederate hands in this range. A large hand-drawn brace, opening to the left, is bracketed round the right-hand end of the first two lines. Faint pencil letters "B" appear twice, once at the right beside the brace and once at the left below the third line. The lower two-thirds of the strip is blank apart from an oval handstamp struck about three-quarters of the way down in pale grey: "ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE." around the top of the oval, a small ornament beneath, "DIVISION" in the centre and "CONFEDERATE ARCHIVES." around the bottom. This is a different stamp from the "REBEL ARCHIVES" oval used elsewhere in this range. The paper is clean and undamaged.
Quinby & Robertson
Relative to sale of Etowah Iron Works ⎫
chap 9. 34. 309. ⎬
see also 9. 37. 13 - N° 160. ⎭
" " 9. 34. 316.
[oval handstamp:] ADJUTANT GENERAL'S OFFICE. / DIVISION / CONFEDERATE ARCHIVES.
Checks: The numbers on this slip are archival citations — chapter, volume and page — not money. No figures on the sheet in the accounting sense, and no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) The second partner is written "Robertson" here, not "Robinson" as everywhere else in this range; the "-ert-" is fully formed and cannot be read as "-in-". Recorded as written. The first name on this slip is "Quinby" with an n, where Image 19 has "Quimby" with an m — so the two finding-aid slips disagree with each other as well as with the accounts. (2) The hand and ink are visibly later than the wartime documents, and the stamp is the Adjutant General's Office "Confederate Archives" oval rather than the War Department "Rebel Archives" oval; both point to this being a post-war archival cross-reference rather than a Confederate record. Stated as observation of the object, not as a dated attribution. (3) "chap" is the writer's abbreviation, written without a stop. The three citations are given exactly as spaced and punctuated on the slip; the repeated ditto marks on the last line stand for "see also". (4) "N°" is written with a raised, underscored o. (5) This slip carries no date, no signature and no sum, and answers nothing in the accounts; it points outward to other record series. (6) "Etowah Iron Works" is written plainly here and is the clearest instance of the place-name in this range — worth setting beside the doubtful "Etowah[?]" on the slip at Image 18, though the two slips are in different hands and neither proves the other.
Image 21 — Printed voucher jacket, blank: "Receipts for Issues to the Army", quarter and year not filled in; numbered N° 735 over a printed panel and marked "Entd[?]"; no figures
A large sheet of stout, faintly toned wove paper photographed landscape against a black ground, folded vertically into four panels; the folds show as pale vertical lines and the paper is a little cockled along them. The lower edge is roughly trimmed or torn and shows a slightly ragged line. All the printing sits in the upper part of the second panel from the left, centred: a small printed "N°" against a solid printed shaded panel or rule intended to be written over, then, on separate lines, "Receipts for" in light roman and "Issues to the Army." in bold roman, and below them a line of printed leader dots running into the words "Quarter, 186" with a short blank rule for the last digit. Nothing on the printed form has been filled in except the file number, which is written across the shaded panel in a broad, dark, confident hand with a long terminal stroke. Beneath the quarter line, a single large flourished ink mark — a filing notation rather than a word properly formed — occupies the centre of the panel. Two dark stains sit along the top edge, one at the head of the second panel and one at the top right; small round film-registration dots appear at the lower left and lower right. Faint pencil "B" marks show at the right edge and lower right. No handstamp of any kind, no date, and no mention anywhere on the sheet of Quinby & Robinson.
N° 735
Receipts for
Issues to the Army.
............Quarter, 186__
Entd[?]
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The only number is the file number 735.
Flagged: (1) "N° 735" — the "N°" is printed, the three digits are written. The digits are broad and run together at the end into a long finishing stroke; 7-3-5 is the reading, but the last digit sits partly on the printed shaded panel and a 3 cannot be entirely ruled out. (2) The large flourished mark below the quarter line is a docketing scrawl. It begins with a clear capital E and carries an n and a crossed t before dissolving into the flourish, which gives "Entd" (for Entered) as much the likeliest reading; it is not, however, a fully formed word, and it may equally be a clerk's initials. Recorded as Entd[?]. (3) The printed heading gives neither a form number nor an imprint, so there is no "(No. —)" to confuse with a voucher number; 735 is the file number written by the clerk. (4) The quarter and the last digit of the year are both left blank on the form. Nothing on this jacket dates it. (5) This is an empty wrapper. It names no firm, no officer and no sum, and it must not be assumed to belong with whatever account was filmed next to it — the file's dockets are not reliably filmed beside the papers they cover. Do not attach the number 735 to a neighbouring account on the strength of position alone.
Image 22 — Printed receipt, Memphis, Tenn., 4 April 1862: Quinby & Robinson acknowledge receiving of the Ordnance Department, by the hands of Jno E. Leg[illegible], Military Storekeeper, 21 pigs of zinc weighing 5971 lbs on Requisition No. 735; no money figures
A large sheet of good wove paper printed as a receipt form and photographed portrait against a black ground. Both side edges are irregular — the right-hand edge is torn and the tear runs in far enough at two points that the ends of the right-hand column are clipped by the sheet edge — and the left edge is deckled. Two horizontal folds cross the sheet, one about a third of the way down and one near the foot, with a further vertical crease at the right. The printed matter is handsome and varied: the opening words "I Hereby Acknowledge" in heavy blackletter, the rest of the preamble in an engraved italic script face, the words "Memphis, Tenn.," and "186" printed into the dateline in the same script, and the ruled table below headed, in small roman capitals, "No. of Requisition.", "ARTICLES." and "Wgt. or Measurement." The table is ruled with a full-height vertical on each side of the Articles column and a single closing rule near the foot, above the printed line "Signed Duplicates." Only one line of the table is used. The manuscript additions are in a fine, pale brown ink in two hands — a very light, almost exhausted pen for the storekeeper's name and the works line, and a firmer one for the entry and signature. From the used line a single long, sweeping pen-stroke has been drawn down and to the right across the whole blank body of the Articles column to the closing rule, the usual guard against later additions. Small tick marks stand before the quantity and before the weight. A pale pencil figure, half cut away by the sheet edge, sits in the left margin at the foot. There is no handstamp and no file endorsement.
I Hereby Acknowledge to have Received of the Ordnance Depart-
ment of the Confederate States, by the hands of Jno E. Leg[illegible] Military Storekeeper,
the following Ordnance and Ordnance Stores, viz: Memphis, Tenn., 4 of April 186 2
[illegible] Wks
No. of Requisition. | ARTICLES. | Wgt. or Measurement.
---------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------
735 - | ✓ 21 Pigs Zinc | ✓ 5971 lbs
| |
| ╲ |
| ╲ (long ruling-off |
| ╲ stroke drawn |
| ╲ across the blank |
| ╲ column) |
| ╲ |
---------------------+----------------------------------+---------------------
[pencil, cut by edge] Signed Duplicates. Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Only two figures stand on the sheet — 21 pigs and 5971 lbs — and there is no rate, no extension and no money column, so there is nothing to multiply or foot. The two are consistent with one another only in the loose sense that 5971 lbs over 21 pigs gives an average of about 284 lbs a pig; the sheet claims no such calculation and none is proved. No arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) The Military Storekeeper's name is written with an almost dry pen and is the weakest text on the sheet. "Jno E." is secure; the surname opens clearly L-e-g and closes on a large open terminal loop, but the letters between cannot be separated. I have set it "Jno E. Leg[illegible]" rather than complete it. (2) The short line written below the dateline ends in a clear "Wks" (Works), but the word before it is a run of some eight undifferentiated minims in the same failing ink and cannot be read; set as [illegible] Wks. It is not certainly a place-name. (3) The requisition number is written "735 -", with the dash. This matches the "N° 735" written on the blank printed jacket at Image 21 — but the two are separate sheets, this file's dockets and wrappers are not reliably filmed beside the papers they belong to, and the jacket is headed "Receipts for Issues to the Army" while this is a receipt for stores issued. The correspondence of number is worth recording; it is not proof that the two belong together, and I have not treated them as one document. (4) The weight is read 5971 lbs. The first figure is formed with a long curved stem and is a 5 rather than an S or a stray rule; the last figure before "lbs" is a plain slanted stroke read as 1. The "lbs" itself is clipped by the torn right edge but is legible. (5) The last digit of the year is written over the printed "186"; I have set it as "186 2" to show that only the final digit is manuscript. (6) The day of the month, "4", is written on the blank rule. (7) The firm signs "Quinby & Robinson" — here with the n, in a large flowing hand, and this is the firm's own signature rather than a clerk's rendering of the name. (8) The pencil figure at the lower left is half off the sheet and cannot be read; it is not part of the receipt.
Image 23 — Printed requisition docket, No. 735: "For Quinby & Robinson, Memphis. Dated Mch 28/62", approved and filled, signed Jno E Legrand, M S K[?]; no figures
A wide sheet photographed landscape against a black ground, folded vertically so that the image reads as three unequal panels; a strong vertical fold runs down the centre-left and a second, softer one down the right, and the paper is lightly cockled throughout. The upper right corner is turned down in a triangular fold that catches the light. The centre panel is the docket face, printed with two heavy rules across the top, the word "REQUISITION" in bold roman capitals followed by a printed stop, a printed "For" against a writing rule, three further blank rules, a printed "Dated" against another rule, then two more heavy rules and the printed word "APPROVED." centred beneath them. The manuscript entries are in a fine, sloping, thin-nibbed hand in brown-black ink, with the file number written above the top rule in a lighter, quicker pen. Below "APPROVED." three lines of the same fine hand run down the panel, the last finished with a long looping underscore. The left-hand panel carries a reversed, ghosted impression of printed matter showing through from the other side of the sheet — the words REQUISITION and ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT are readable back-to-front, together with several lines of smaller print and some faint ruling — and the right-hand panel carries a fainter show-through of the same. Faint pencil "B" marks appear at the left panel, at the centre of the docket panel below the signature block, and at the right. At the very foot of the centre panel, half cut by the trimmed lower edge, is a small pen scrawl. There is no handstamp on this face.
735
═══════════════════════════════════════
REQUISITION .
For Quinby & Robinson
______Memphis________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
Dated Mch 28/62
_____________________________________
═══════════════════════════════════════
APPROVED.
Filled
Jno E Legrand
M S K[?]
[R & W?] (clipped by the lower edge)
Checks: No figures on the sheet in the accounting sense — no quantities, rates or money. The only number is the file number 735. No arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) "Dated Mch 28/62" — the month is the same three-letter contraction for March used in the letter at Image 14, a flourished capital M with "ch". The day and year, "28/62", are clear. If the reading is right the requisition of 28 March 1862 precedes the receipt for stores at Image 22, dated 4 April 1862, which cites Requisition 735; that is a consistent sequence, but the month contraction should be checked by anyone relying on it. (2) The first word under APPROVED reads "Filled" — an F with a crossbar, then "illed". (3) The signature reads "Jno E Legrand". The surname is much better formed here than on the receipt at Image 22, where the same name is written with an exhausted pen; here the sequence L-e-g-r-a-n-d can be followed through. (4) The last line of the signature block is three heavily flourished letters read as "M S K" — Military Store Keeper — which is the office given in print on the receipt at Image 22. The letters are compressed and the reading is not certain; recorded as M S K[?]. (5) The number 735 stands at the head of this docket and matches both the "N° 735" on the blank jacket at Image 21 and the requisition number entered on the receipt at Image 22. Of the three, this docket and the receipt agree in naming Quinby & Robinson, Memphis and the same storekeeper, and are much the likelier pair; the blank jacket names no one. Since dockets in this file are not reliably filmed beside the papers they belong to, the agreement is recorded as evidence, not asserted as filing order. (6) The pen scrawl at the foot is cut by the trimmed edge and reads at best as two or three letters, perhaps "R & W"; it is not legible and may be a pen trial. (7) Everything on the outer panels is reversed show-through of printed matter from the other side of the sheet and must not be read as writing on this face.
Image 24 — One film frame carrying two documents: (a) printed Requisition on the Ordnance Department at Memphis, made March 28 1862, for 1000 lbs of zinc for Quinby & Robinson "for making shell for liquid fire", ordered filled by W R Hunt, 976 lbs issued; and (b) the docket panel of a separate Ordnance Department voucher, No. Voucher 57, Memphis, approved by W R Hunt for $2519.53
A single scan holding two separate sheets, one above the other, each on its own black ground with a black gutter between them, so the frame must be read as two documents and not as one. The upper sheet is a printed requisition form on white wove paper, portrait, its lower left corner turned up in a triangular fold and its left edge showing a shallow tear; a soft vertical crease runs down the right third and a horizontal one across the lower quarter. Its printing is in several sizes of roman and small capitals: a left-hand panel headed "For" over a writing rule, a centre panel reading "REQUISITION / ON / ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT / AT / MEMPHIS, / Made", and a right-hand certificate panel; below, a deep ruled body of about twenty-four blank lines divided into a narrow quantity column and a wide article column, with the word "Requisition" set vertically in small capitals down the left margin; and at the foot two blocks, "ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, ___ 186_ / Let the above Requisition be filled." over a signature rule labelled "Ordnance Officer.", and opposite it a receipt block, "I have received the articles above described from the Armory Officer at Memphis." with blank rules. Only one line of the body is used. The manuscript is in two inks — a firm dark brown for the entries and the order, and a paler, finer pen for the interlined note above the quantity and for two pencil figures in the right margin. The lower sheet is the outer panel of a folded voucher, photographed opened out into three broad panels; the two outer panels are blank but for creasing, faint show-through and pencil flecks, and the centre panel is the printed docket: a manuscript firm name at the head, a printed "No. Voucher," with a dotted leader, "Ordnance Department." in bold roman, "Memphis," with a dotted leader and a printed "186", a further dotted money line, then a heavy rule and, beneath it, five lines of the approving officer's hand. Struck across the lower part of that panel is the oval handstamp in pale grey: "RECORD DIVISION," around the top, "★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★" in the inner oval, "WAR DEPARTMENT" around the bottom. Below the stamp is a small pen mark of two round letters. Faint pencil "B" marks appear on both sheets.
[a] UPPER SHEET — printed requisition
For | REQUISITION | I certify that the subjoined Requisition
Quinby & Robin- | ON | is correct, and that the articles specified
son. for | ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT | are necessary for
making shell for | AT | _______________________________________
liquid fire. | MEMPHIS, | _______________________________________
| Made March 28 186 2 | _______________________________________
═══════════════════════╧════════════════════════╧═══════════════════════════════════════
21 Pegs[?]
✓ 1000 One thousand pounds of zinc 976
[pencil:] 155
[illegible]
(remaining lines of the ruled body blank)
─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
ORDNANCE OFFICE, | I have received the articles above described from the
Memphis, March 28 186 2 | Armory Officer at Memphis.
Let the above Requisition be filled.|
| ___________________ 186
W R Hunt |
Ordnance Officer. | ___________________________________
M[?]. J. T. I[illegible] |
[b] LOWER SHEET — docket panel of a separate voucher
Quinby & Robinson
No. Voucher, 5 7
84[?] 1/2
Ordnance Department.
Memphis, ..................... 186
$ 2519 53
═════════════════════════════════════
Approved for Twenty
five hundred & Nineteen
53/100 Dolls
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg Conf[?] Arsenal
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION, / ★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★ / WAR DEPARTMENT
O O
Checks: (a) The requisition asks for 1000 lbs of zinc, written both in figures ("1000") and in words ("One thousand pounds of zinc"); those two agree. Against them stands the figure 976 entered at the right of the same line, which is the quantity actually issued, 24 lbs short of the demand. There is no rate, no extension and no money column on this sheet, so beyond the agreement of 1000 with "One thousand" there is no arithmetic to prove. (b) On the docket the sum in figures is $2519.53 and the sum in words is "Twenty five hundred & Nineteen 53/100 Dolls". Two thousand five hundred and nineteen dollars and fifty-three cents in both places: the figures and the words prove exactly at $2519.53. There is no itemised account on this face, so the footing cannot be tested against extensions.
Flagged: (1) These are two different documents in one frame. The requisition (a) is for 1000 lbs of zinc; the docket (b) approves $2519.53. Nothing on either sheet ties one to the other, no account is present to which $2519.53 could be footed, and dockets in this file are not reliably filmed beside the papers they belong to. The $2519.53 does NOT answer the requisition above it, and must not be presented as its value. (2) "for making shell for liquid fire" is written plainly in the left-hand panel of the requisition and is the clearest statement of purpose in this range. (3) The interlined note above the quantity reads as "21 Pegs" — the writer's "Pigs" with the vowel formed like an e; the number 21 is clear. It is written in the lighter pen and squeezed above the line. (4) The figure at the right of the entry is 976, with a well-formed 6. (5) The order to fill is signed "W R Hunt" over the printed "Ordnance Officer." A second signature, in a different and much freer hand, is written below and outside the printed rule: it reads "M[?]. J. T." followed by a surname that begins with a tall looped capital and dissolves into a flourish; I cannot read it and have not guessed. (6) The two pencil figures in the right margin of the requisition read "155" over a second line that cannot be made out; they are later marks, not part of the form. (7) On the docket the voucher number is written large and flourished across the printed dotted rule as "5 7", the two digits well separated; and immediately below and to the right, in a finer pen, stands a fraction figure read as "84[?] 1/2". The middle digits run together and the whole may be "824 1/2"; recorded as doubtful. This second figure is not identified on the sheet and is not a money amount. (8) The printed date line on the docket, "Memphis, ......... 186", is left entirely blank — the docket carries no date at all, and its year is not stated. Only the requisition above is dated, and it belongs to a different document. (9) Hunt's office line on the docket reads "Majr Comdg" followed by a contracted word and "Arsenal"; the contraction is written with a terminal flourish and a stop and is most likely "Conf" or "Confd" for Confederate, but the letters cannot be separated with certainty. Note that Hunt signs the requisition simply as Ordnance Officer and the docket as Major Commanding the arsenal. (10) The two round letters below the handstamp, read "O O", are a filing mark; they may be initials. (11) The last digit of the year on the requisition, in both the heading and the foot, is written over a printed "186"; I have set it "186 2" in both places to show which part is manuscript.
Image 25 — One film frame carrying two documents: (a) the account itself — Ordnance Department, Memphis, Confederate States of America to Quinby & Robinson Dr., 1862, three guns cast, total $2519.53, receipted at Memphis 20 February 1862 of W R Hunt; and (b) the docket panel of the same voucher, No. Voucher 57, $2519.53
A single scan holding two separate sheets, one above the other on their own black grounds. The upper sheet is the printed billhead of the account, portrait, on white wove paper. Its top edge is badly damaged: a broad brown water-stain and a ragged tear run right across the head of the sheet, taking a bite out of the upper left corner and darkening the paper above and around the first printed line, though the printing itself survives and remains readable. A second, smaller stain sits at the upper left below the tear. The printed heading is in three parts — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS." in spaced roman capitals, a small printer's ornament beneath it, and "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:" in large open shaded capitals — followed by a writing rule carrying the printed "To" at its left and "Dr." at its right. Below this the sheet is ruled into a date column, a quantity column, a wide article column and, at the right, two money columns of dollars and cents with a further narrow column beyond them. Only three lines are used, high on the ruled body; the rest of the body is empty except for a five-line certification written in the middle of the article column, in a second and much finer hand. At the foot are three printed blocks: the certificate "I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ......... and that the property has been received and accounted for.", left entirely blank and unsigned; the receipt line "RECEIVED, Memphis, ......, 186_, of ........."; and "Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., ......... 100 Dollars, in full of the above account.", with "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)" in small capitals at the lower left. The entries and the receipt are in a firm brown-black ink; small tick marks stand in the outermost column against every money figure and against the total. The lower sheet is the outer face of the folded voucher, opened into three panels: two Rebel Archives handstamps are struck on it, one across the centre panel and one across the right, both pale grey ovals reading "RECORD DIVISION," / "★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★" / "WAR DEPARTMENT". The right-hand edge of that sheet is heavily torn along its whole length. The docket printing on the centre panel matches the panel at Image 24.
[a] UPPER SHEET — the account
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
❦
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1862 | | | | |
Jany 21| 1 | 12 Pdr Howitzer | 610 70 | ✓ |
Feby 2| 2 | " " " 610 70 | 1221 40 | ✓ |
" 6| 1 | 6 Pdr 3in Rifle Gun | 687 43 | ✓ |
| | | $2519 53 | ✓ |
The 1 - 12 pdr Howitzer was received
by me from Quinby & Robinson
the 2 12 pdr Howitzers & 1 - 3in Rifle
Gun was cast by Mess Q & R and
received by me from Capt [illegible]
J O[?] Long[?] M S K
for J [illegible]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
[left blank and unsigned]
RECEIVED, Memphis, Feby 20th, 186 2, of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Twenty five hundred & Nineteen 53/100 Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Quinby & Robinson
[b] LOWER SHEET — docket panel of the same voucher
No. Voucher, 5 7
84[?] 1/2
Ordnance Department.
Memphis, ..................... 186
$ 2519 53
═════════════════════════════════════
Quinby & Robinson
[oval handstamp, centre panel:] RECORD DIVISION, / ★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★ / WAR DEPARTMENT
[oval handstamp, right panel:] RECORD DIVISION, / ★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★ / WAR DEPARTMENT
Checks: Three extensions and a footing, and they all prove. Line 1: 1 twelve-pounder howitzer at 610.70 extended 610.70 — agrees. Line 2: 2 twelve-pounder howitzers at the rate written in the margin of the money column, 610.70 each, extended 1221.40 — 2 × 610.70 = 1221.40, agrees exactly. Line 3: 1 six-pounder 3-inch rifle gun, 687.43, with no separate rate given — nothing to multiply. Footing: 610.70 + 1221.40 + 687.43 = 2519.53, and the account is footed $2519.53. The account proves exactly at $2519.53. The receipt at the foot, "Twenty five hundred & Nineteen 53/100 Dollars", agrees with the footing; the docket on the lower sheet, "$2519 53", agrees with both.
Flagged: (1) This is the account that the docket at Image 24 approves. The two dockets — the one filmed with the requisition at Image 24 and the one filmed with this account — carry the same voucher number 57, the same fraction figure, and the same sum $2519.53, and this account foots to that sum exactly. So here the docket does answer its neighbour, which is worth saying plainly because on the previous frame it did not answer the requisition it was filmed beside. (2) The rate 610.70 on the second line is written small, in the margin at the left of the dollars column rather than in a rate column; the cents are raised. It is faint, and the reading rests partly on the fact that twice it gives the extension exactly. (3) The certificate block at the foot — "I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..." — is completely blank and bears no signature at all. The account is therefore receipted but not certified on this face; the approval is on the docket, signed by Hunt. Record this: an unwary reader may assume a certificate exists because the form prints one. (4) The receipt is dated "Feby 20th 186 2" — February, with the last digit of the year written over the printed "186". The month contraction is clear. Note that this is only a fortnight after the last item of the account, dated Feby 6. (5) The certification written across the middle of the account is in a different, finer hand and distinguishes carefully between the one howitzer received from the firm and the two howitzers and one rifle gun cast by the firm but received "from Capt" someone — the officer's name is a flourish crossed by a printed column rule and I cannot read it; set as [illegible]. The signature below reads as two initials and a surname beginning "Long", with "M S K" (Military Store Keeper) after it, and a second line beginning "for" and running into an unreadable name. I have not guessed at either. (6) The article descriptions are given exactly as written: "12 Pdr Howitzer", the ditto marks on the second line, and "6 Pdr 3in Rifle Gun" — the last describing a six-pounder rifled to 3 inches. No correction has been made to the clerk's wording. (7) On the docket the figure beside the voucher number is the same doubtful "84 1/2" or "824 1/2" noted at Image 24; it is written more clearly here but the middle digits still run together. (8) The docket's printed date line is again left blank — the docket itself carries no date. (9) The water-stain and tear across the head of the account have not taken any text.
Image 26 — The duplicate of the same account: Ordnance Department, Memphis, Confederate States of America to Quinby & Robinson Dr., 1862, three guns, $2519.53, receipted Memphis Feby 20 1862; carrying in addition a pencil entry for a 6 pdr gun and a pencil order to charge the firm $75 a gun for boring out and finishing seven guns
A single tall sheet on the same printed billhead as the account at Image 25, photographed portrait against a black ground. The condition is much like its fellow: the top edge is torn and darkened right across, with a deep bite out of the upper left corner and a second small loss at the left below it, and the tear runs close under the first printed line without taking it. The printed heading and the ruled body are identical to Image 25 — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.", the ornament, "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:" in open shaded capitals, the "To ... Dr." rule, then the date, quantity, article and money columns. This copy is more heavily worked than the other. The three ink entries and the total stand at the head as before. Below them, in a hard pencil, a fourth dated line has been added and then part of it struck through. In the middle of the article column stands the same five-line certification, here written in a rounder and rather larger hand with more pronounced capitals. Below that again, in the same hard pencil and in a wholly different, sprawling hand, is a five-line order with two lines of signature, and beneath that a further single pencil line. The pencil is grey and rubbed and much fainter than the ink; several of its words are recoverable only against the light. There is no handstamp, no docket, no tick marks against the money figures, and no file number on this face. The printed certificate at the foot is again blank, and the receipt is completed in ink.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
❦
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1862 | | | | |
Jany 21| 1 | 12 Pdr Howitzer | 610 70 | |
Feby 2| 2 | 12 " " 610 70 | 1221 40 | |
" 6| 1 | 6 " 3in Rifled gun | 687 43 | |
| | | $2519 53 | |
Jany 10| 1 | 6 pdr Gun as original on file | | |
| | #84 1/2 [illegible] 61 | | |
(this line struck through)
The 1, 12, pd Howitzer was Received
by Me from Quimby & Robinson
the 2. 12 pd Howitzers & 1. 3in Rifle
Gun was Cast by Mefs Q & R and
Recd by Me from G[?] W [illegible]
J E[?] Long[?] M S K
p[er] J [illegible]
[in pencil:]
Mr Hudson you will make an account
against Q & R for boaring out in finishing
Seven (7) Guns at Seventy five Dollars each
Gun - & deduct the Same from the above
bill —
[illegible] W[?] Wheeler[?]
Supt Foundry[?]
Receipts for 2 -7 Guns July 4 62
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
[left blank and unsigned]
RECEIVED, Memphis, Feby 20, 186 2, of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Twenty five hundred & Nineteen 53/100 Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: The ink account proves exactly as its duplicate does. 1 twelve-pounder howitzer at 610.70 extends 610.70; 2 twelve-pounder howitzers at the marginal rate 610.70 extend 1221.40, and 2 × 610.70 = 1221.40 to the cent; the six-pounder rifled gun stands at 687.43 with no rate to test. 610.70 + 1221.40 + 687.43 = 2519.53, and the footing is $2519.53. The receipt in words, "Twenty five hundred & Nineteen 53/100 Dollars", agrees. Proves exactly at $2519.53. The pencil additions carry no arithmetic of their own: the pencil order names seven guns at seventy-five dollars each, which would be $525, but no such figure is entered anywhere on the sheet and no deduction has been made from the total — the account is still receipted in full at $2519.53. The multiplication is therefore mine and is offered only as a note; nothing on the paper works it.
Flagged: (1) This sheet and Image 25 are the two parts of "SIGNED DUPLICATES." — the printed phrase at the foot of both. They carry the same three entries, the same total, the same certification and the same receipt. They are not identical: this copy lacks the tick marks against the money column, is written in a rounder hand in the certification, and carries the pencil matter that its fellow does not. Both should be published; neither should be described as a copy of the other. (2) In the certification here the firm is written "Quimby" with an m, where the printed heading of the same sheet and the signature at the foot both give "Quinby" with an n. The variation is within one document and has been kept as written. (3) The pencil line entered under the three ink items — "Jany 10 | 1 | 6 pdr Gun as original on file" with a second line beginning "#84 1/2" — has been struck through with a single stroke. The reference figures after the "#" run together and cannot be read beyond "84 1/2" and a terminal "61". Note that "84 1/2" is the same doubtful figure that stands beside the voucher number on both dockets. This entry never entered the account: it is not extended, not carried into the footing, and it is cancelled. (4) The pencil order is addressed to "Mr Hudson" and instructs him to charge Q & R seventy-five dollars a gun for boring out and finishing seven guns and to deduct the amount from "the above bill". The instruction was evidently not carried out on this sheet, since the receipt below is for the full $2519.53. The clerk writes "boaring" for boring; kept as written. (5) The signature to the pencil order is very faint. It is two or three initials followed by a surname of about seven letters which appears to begin with a W; the office line below it reads "Supt" and a word beginning with F which is most likely "Foundry". I have marked both doubtful and have not completed the name. (6) The final pencil line reads "Receipts for" then a figure written as two digits separated by a dash — "2 -7" — then "Guns July 4 62". Whether this means two of seven guns, or the figure 27, cannot be settled from the stroke; recorded as written. (7) The receiving officer named in the certification, "from G[?] W [illegible]", is the same name that appears on the duplicate at Image 25, where the word before it looks more like "Capt". Neither instance can be read with confidence and the two should be settled together, not separately. (8) The signature under the certification reads as two initials, a surname beginning "Long", and "M S K"; the line below begins with a contraction for "per" and runs into a second name I cannot read. This is a different storekeeper's name from the "Jno E Legrand, M S K" of Images 22 and 23. (9) The printed certificate block is blank and unsigned here as well — this account, in both copies, was receipted but never certified on its face. (10) The receipt on this copy is dated "Feby 20" without the ordinal "th" that the duplicate carries; otherwise the two receipts agree word for word.
Amendment, made after all thirteen images were written
The sections above were written one at a time, in order, and are left as first read. Three readings were bettered by evidence that only came up on a later sheet, and the corrections are set out here rather than made silently above.
1. Image 22 — the weight is 976 lbs, not 5971 lbs. When Image 22 was written I took the tall curved stroke at the left of the "Wgt. or Measurement" cell as a figure 5 and read the cell "5971 lbs". Image 24 then produced the same transaction from the other side: the requisition of 28 March 1862 demands "1000 / One thousand pounds of zinc" and carries the figure 976 at the right of the entry, in a well-formed hand with an unmistakable 6. Returning to Image 22 at higher magnification, that leading stroke is the same tick mark that stands before the quantity in the next column, not a digit, and the three figures after it are 9, 7, 6. The cell reads "✓ 976 lbs". The receipt at Image 22 therefore acknowledges 21 pigs of zinc weighing 976 lbs, which is 24 lbs short of the thousand demanded — and about 46 1/2 lbs to the pig, a credible weight for a pig of zinc, where the 284 lbs implied by my first reading was not. The sentence in the Checks note at Image 22 that works 5971 lbs over 21 pigs should be disregarded.
2. Image 22 — the Military Storekeeper is Jno E Legrand. The name on the receipt is written with a nearly dry pen and I could carry it no further than "Jno E Leg[illegible]". The requisition docket at Image 23 is signed by the same man with a full pen: "Filled / Jno E Legrand / M S K". Read against that, the receipt's surname follows the same course — L, e, g, r, a, n, d — and the receipt should be read "Jno E Legrand". The office is printed on the receipt as "Military Storekeeper" and abbreviated by him on the docket as M S K. This is a different storekeeper from the "J E[?] Long[?] M S K" who certifies the gun account at Images 25 and 26.
3. Image 18 — "Etowah" is supported, though still not proved on that slip. The place-name on the small slip at Image 18 was left as "Etowah[?]" because its last two letters run together. The archival cross-reference at Image 20, in a different and much later hand, writes "Etowah Iron Works" plainly. That does not prove what the wartime clerk wrote on the earlier slip, and the doubt marker stands; but the two are worth reading together, and Image 20 is the better authority for the spelling of the name.
Nothing else above is altered. In particular, the warning at Image 24 stands: the docket approving $2519.53 that was filmed beneath the zinc requisition does not answer that requisition, and the account it does answer is at Image 25.
— Reader for images 14–26, transcribed by eye from the page images, 6 September 2026.
Image 27 — Ordnance Department account and receipt, Memphis, Tenn., work on a retort for Greek fire experiment; dated in the account "Aug 5" and receipted Feby 20 1862; total $25.00
A single small printed account-and-receipt form, roughly square in proportion and photographed against a black ground, so the deckled right edge and the torn upper edge stand out sharply. The sheet is printed with a display heading — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT." in bold Roman capitals over "The Confederate States of America," in heavy blackletter, with a blackletter "Dr." at the far right — and is ruled into a DATE column, a wide description field, and narrow Dollars and Cts. money columns at the right. A horizontal fold runs across the middle of the sheet at about mid-height; the paper below the fold is slightly lighter and the two halves are marginally offset in the scan. The entries are in brown-black iron-gall ink in a fluent, rather thin business hand; the certification and the two signatures are in a second, heavier hand with more pressure. Down the left-hand third of the lower half, a reversed offset transfer of the words ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT has picked up from a facing sheet and runs vertically up the page — a set-off, not a stamp. A very faint pencil letter "B" sits in the upper-left corner and a second faint pencil mark appears at the head of the Dollars column. No archival handstamp, file number, or endorsement is visible on this face.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT.
The Confederate States of America, Dr.
Aug 5[?] [illegible] To Quinby & Robinson
DATE. | Dollars. | Cts.
| |
Work on Retort | 25 | 00
| |
| |
For experiment with | |
Greek fire — | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
I certify that the above account is Correct & Just.
amounting to Twenty five dollars
W R Hunt Maj & ord off
Received, Memphis, Tenn., Feby 20 1862 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, the sum of Twenty five ———————— Dollars and
———————— Cents, in full of above account.
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: A single item at $25.00 and no separate footing; the amount in the money columns, the certificate ("Twenty five dollars") and the receipt ("Twenty five" Dollars, cents line struck through) all agree. Proves exactly at $25.00.
Flagged: The date written into the left margin at the DATE line is heavily inked and overwritten — "Aug 5" is fairly clear, but what follows (a superscript ordinal and what may be a year, "/61" or "/62") cannot be read with confidence; I have left it as illegible rather than guess. Since the account was receipted 20 February 1862, an August 1861 date is the arithmetically sensible reading, but the ink does not support asserting it. The certifying and paying officer signs "W R Hunt Maj & ord off"; the final two words are a practised flourish and the expansion "Ordnance Officer" is inferred from the printed receipt line directly below, which reads "Ordnance Officer." Proposal only, not part of the transcription: this is very likely Major William R. Hunt, the Confederate ordnance officer stationed at Memphis — to be established from other sheets in the file rather than assumed. "Retort" carries a macron-like stroke over the middle of the word in the clerk's hand, which is a flourish, not an abbreviation mark. The reversed ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT text on the lower left is offset from another sheet and is not writing on this one.
Image 28 — Verso and docket panel of the Image 27 voucher: printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, IN ACCOUNT WITH Quinby & Robinson, Memphis, ___ 186_", endorsed "Approved for Ninety Seven Doll." ($97.00)
The back of the same small sheet transcribed as Image 27, photographed landscape and folded vertically into four panels, so the image reads as four tall strips separated by three sharp fold lines. The three left-hand panels are blank on this face and carry only the show-through of the printed matter on the front — the blackletter heading, "Dr.", "DATE", the money-column heads and, on the fourth strip, the printed receipt block, all reversed. The right-hand outer panel is the docket, printed for the purpose: "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," in heavy sans-serif Roman capitals, "IN ACCOUNT WITH" in small capitals over a blank rule, and "Memphis, ————— 186" beneath, the whole enclosed above and below by rules. The firm name is written on the blank rule and the endorsement below it in the same heavy, high-pressure hand as the certification on the front. The ink is brown-black and somewhat feathered. Struck across the lower part of the docket panel is the oval archival handstamp in faded purple-black: "RECORD DIVISION," around the top, "★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★" in the inner oval, "WAR DEPARTMENT." around the bottom. Faint pencil letters — a "B" at the foot of the second panel and another at the very bottom edge — are the only other marks. The printed date line is left blank.
# 57 8241/2[?]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT,
IN ACCOUNT WITH
Quinby & Robinson
Memphis, ————————— 186
$97 oo
Approved for Ninety
Seven Doll.
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg C.S.[?] Arsenal
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: Only one figure on the sheet. The numeral "$97 oo" and the written "Ninety Seven Doll." agree with each other, so the endorsement is internally consistent at $97.00. It does NOT agree with the $25.00 account and receipt on the front of the same sheet — see Flagged.
Flagged: The approval on this docket is for $97.00, while the account, certification and receipt on the recto (Image 27) are all for $25.00, three times over. The two amounts sit on opposite faces of one sheet — the reversed show-through of the front's printed matter confirms this is the verso of the Image 27 form, not a separate wrapper — so the discrepancy is real and not a filming accident. Possible explanations (proposals only, to be tested against the rest of the file): the approval covers a group of Quinby & Robinson accounts of which this is one, or the docket was endorsed for a larger claim and the account later reduced. Do not reconcile these figures without further evidence. The number written above the printed heading reads clearly as "# 57", but the group following it is doubtful: the digits after "82" are two undifferentiated minim strokes, so it may be 824½, 8241/2, or 821½; I have not resolved it. The last line of the endorsement is a practised flourish — "Majr Comdg" is legible, the word before "Arsenal" is a looped capital with a superscript that I read as "C.S." but cannot confirm. The signature "W R Hunt" matches the hand on the recto, where he signs as "Maj & ord off"; here the title given is a command of an arsenal. The printed "Memphis, ——— 186" date line was never filled in, so the docket itself carries no date.
Image 29 — Ordnance Department account and receipt, Memphis, Tenn., dated "Dec[?] 5th 61", receipted Feby 20 1862: patterns and mandrels for Dr. Read's shot, shell and sabots; total $97.00
The same small printed account-and-receipt form as Image 27, from the same stock and setting — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT." in Roman capitals, "The Confederate States of America," in blackletter with "Dr." at the right, DATE column at the left, Dollars and Cts. columns at the right — photographed upright against a black ground. The sheet is fuller than Image 27: six ruled item lines, a footed total, and a six-line explanatory note in the body. Two horizontal folds cross the sheet, one just below the last item line and one above the printed receipt block, and the paper has darkened slightly along both. The whole is in one thin, fluent, slightly right-leaning hand in brown-black ink, with heavier pressure on the money figures and the footing; the certifying signature in the body and the receipt entries appear to be by a second, broader pen. The reversed offset of the words ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT again runs vertically up the left-hand side of the lower half. A small faint pencil "B" sits in the body near the last item line and another at the right margin beside the receipt line. No archival handstamp on this face; no printed form number.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT.
The Confederate States of America, Dr.
Dec[?] 5th 61 To Quinby & Robinson
DATE. | Dollars. | Cts.
| |
Patterns for Reads 32" Sabot | 12 | 00
2 Patterns for Reads 6 inch Rifle Shot | 16 | 00
1 " " " " " Shell | 12 | 00
Moddle Patterns for dr Read | 25 | 00
100 " Shot Iron Mandrell Do Read Stamped[?] | 20 | 00
1 Small " " " " " " | 12 | 00
| $97 | 00
The above bill of Articles
was made by Order of Dr J B[?] Read
and taken by him to other places
for the purpose of facilitating him
in having his Shot & Shell Cast —
Jno[?] W Robinson
Received, Memphis, Tenn., Feby 20 1862 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, the sum of Ninety Seven ———————— Dollars and
———————— Cents, in full of above account.
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Six extensions, no quantity-times-rate arithmetic on the sheet (each line carries a lump price). 12.00 + 16.00 + 12.00 + 25.00 + 20.00 + 12.00 = 97.00. The footing is written "$97 00". Proves exactly at $97.00, and agrees with the receipt ("Ninety Seven" Dollars) and with the approval endorsed on the verso, Image 28.
Flagged: The month in the date column is written hard against the left edge of the sheet and part of the first letter may be lost in the gutter; "5th 61" is secure, the month reads most naturally as "Dec" but I cannot confirm it, so it is marked. The superscript after "32" in the first item is a small double-tick, transcribed here as an inch mark; whether the clerk meant inches or was abbreviating pounder is not determinable from the stroke, and a 32-inch sabot is not credible — do not expand it without other evidence. The quantity opening the fifth item reads clearly as three figures, "100", but the item as a whole ("100 " Shot Iron Mandrell Do Read Stamped") is awkward and the last word, which I read as "Stamped", ends in a flourish. "Do" in that line and the ditto marks in lines 3 and 6 are the clerk's own. "Moddle" is the clerk's spelling of model and has not been corrected. The customer named twice in the body is "dr Read" / "Dr J B[?] Read"; the middle initial is formed into the R of Read and I cannot separate it cleanly — "J" is certain, "B" is not. Proposal only, not part of the transcription: this is very likely Dr. John B. Read, the Alabama physician-inventor of the Read pattern of rifled projectile, which would explain patterns for "Reads" sabot, shot and shell and the note that he carried the patterns away to have his shot and shell cast elsewhere. The signature under the note reads "___ W Robinson"; the given name is a compressed loop that could be "Jno" or "Jas" and I have not resolved it. Note that this account, not the $25.00 account of Image 27, is the one the $97.00 approval on Image 28 answers to — see the amendment at the end of this file.
Image 30 — Docket panel of a voucher: "No. Voucher 88 / Abstract A / Ordnance Department, Second Qr. 1862 / $26 25/100 / Quinby & Robinson"
The blank back of a larger printed voucher sheet, photographed landscape and folded into four vertical panels; the fold creases are sharp and the outer edges slightly chipped. Only the second panel from the left carries writing — the docket — and it is written on the printed docket block, which consists of a rule, the words "Ordnance Department," in a heavy ornamented blackletter, a dotted lead line for the place and date ending "186", and a second rule below. The clerk has written the voucher number, abstract letter and quarter around the printed matter in a small, neat, sloping hand in dark brown ink. The amount is written large across the shaded ruled band below the date line. Beneath that, in soft pencil rather than ink, the firm name is written in two lines, the first ending with an ampersand and a struck-out or overwritten group. The word Memphis on the date line has been written and then cancelled with a heavy horizontal stroke. Struck below the pencil name is the oval archival handstamp, "RECORD DIVISION, ★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★ WAR DEPARTMENT.", and near the foot of the panel a pair of looped ink initials. The remaining panels are blank apart from show-through: the first panel carries the reversed printed heading "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT—Memphis." and a line of blackletter beneath it, and the fourth carries the reversed printed certificate ("I CERTIFY that the above account is correct and just…") and the opening of the printed receipt line ("RECEIVED, Memphis…"). Faint pencil letters "B" appear at three corners of the sheet.
No. Voucher 88.
Abstract A
Ordnance Department,
Second Qr. 186 2
~~Memphis,~~ ..............
$26 25/100
─────────────────────
Quinby &[?] [struck out]
& Robinson
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[illegible looped initials]
Checks: One figure only, $26 25/100 — that is, $26.25. It is not itemised here and nothing on this face can be footed against it. No arithmetic to prove on this sheet.
Flagged: This is a docket back with no account on it; the itemised account it belongs to is on the recto of the same sheet and is not this image. The printed place "Memphis," on the date line was written and then struck through, and "Second Qr." written above it instead, so the docket gives the quarter but no month or day. Rule 1 does not apply here: "No. Voucher 88" is handwritten and is the voucher's own number, not a printed form number; "Abstract A" is likewise written. The pencil firm name is faint and awkward — the first line ends in an ampersand followed by a scribbled group I cannot read, and the second line begins with another ampersand before "Robinson"; it looks like a false start corrected rather than two separate names, but I have transcribed both lines as they stand rather than tidy them. The looped mark near the foot of the panel is a clerk's or auditor's initials and is not legible; the same mark appears on Image 28. The amount $26.25 does not match either of the two amounts so far in this range ($25.00, $97.00), so this docket belongs to a third account.
Image 31 — Ordnance Department–Memphis account and receipt, "Apl 20[?]" 1862, receipted May 2d 1862: twelve fire grates and drayage; total $26.25
A larger printed voucher than Images 27 and 29, from a different setting: the heading reads "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--Memphis." in bold Roman capitals over a small printer's ornament, with "Confederate States of America," in blackletter beneath and the payee line "To ________ Dr." below that. The body is ruled into narrow date columns at the left, a wide description field, and four narrow money columns at the right; the printed certificate and receipt fill the foot of the sheet, ending "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)" at the bottom left. The paper is light and slightly translucent, with vertical fold creases showing as pale bands and one heavy horizontal fold near the middle; the left edge is a little ragged. Only the top eight lines of the ruled body are used, leaving most of the sheet blank. The account entries are in a thin, sloping hand with a fine nib; the certificate signature and the receipt are in a broader, faster hand. A faint pencil "B" sits just above the printed word "account" in the certificate line. No archival handstamp on this face.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--Memphis.
Confederate States of America,
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Apl 20[?] | To 12 Fire Grates | $26 | 00
| Drayage 25c | | 25
| &c.[?] | $26 | 25
I CERTIFY that the above account is correct and just, amounting to
N[?]. R. Chambliss Maj[?] [illegible]
RECEIVED, MEMPHIS, May 2d 1862, of N[?]. R. Chambliss
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Twenty Six 25/100 Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Two extensions and a footing. $26.00 + $0.25 = $26.25, and the footing is written "26 | 25". Proves exactly at $26.25, and agrees with the receipt ("Twenty Six 25/100 Dollars") and with the docket "$26 25/100" on Image 30. No unit rate is stated for the twelve fire grates, so quantity x rate cannot be tested against the $26.00 extension; $26.00 does not divide evenly by 12.
Flagged: The day of the month in the date column is two figures, the first a clear "2" and the second a plain closed oval that I read as "0"; "Apl 20" is my reading but "Apl 26" cannot be excluded, so it is marked. The printed line "amounting to" was left unfilled — the certifying officer signed straight across the space instead of writing the sum, so the certificate carries no amount of its own. His title after the signature is a rapid scrawl: "Maj" is probable, the words following it are not recoverable at this resolution and are marked illegible rather than guessed. The first initial of the certifying and paying officer is a script capital that could be read as either N or A in both places it appears; I have given it as "N[?]". Proposal only, not part of the transcription: this is very likely Major Nathaniel R. Chambliss, a Confederate ordnance officer serving at Memphis — to be established from other sheets rather than assumed. The ornamental looped mark in the description column on the total line is transcribed as "&c.[?]"; it may equally be a clerk's paraph with no verbal content. Note also that the certifying officer here is Chambliss, whereas Images 27–29 are certified and paid by W. R. Hunt; the officers change within this range. This sheet is the account belonging to the docket transcribed as Image 30 — same amount, same firm, same quarter.
Image 32 — Docket panel "ORDNANCE DEPARTM[ENT] / With Quinby & Robinson", endorsed "Approved for One hundred & Ten Doll." ($110.00), with pencil computations covering the blank half
The blank back of a printed voucher, folded once down the middle and photographed so that the left half is empty stock and the right half carries the printed docket. The sheet is cut off at the right-hand edge of the image: the printed heading runs off the frame in the middle of the word DEPARTMENT, and whatever stood in the right part of that panel is not in the scan. The docket block is printed with a large outlined-and-shaded display capital heading, the word "With" and a dotted rule for the firm name, a second dotted rule below, and a heavy rule under that. The written matter is in a pale, hard-nibbed brown ink, much lighter than the endorsements on Images 28 and 30, and rather sprawling. The left half of the sheet is covered with soft-pencil arithmetic in three groups — a two-line addition high on the sheet, a pair of side-by-side sums at mid-height, and a long multiplication below them — in a modern-looking pencil hand quite unlike the ink. The oval archival handstamp "RECORD DIVISION, ★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★ WAR DEPARTMENT." is struck across the lower docket panel, and two pencil figures have been written inside the stamp's oval. Below the stamp a very faint pencil repetition of the first addition appears, most likely a set-off picked up from the facing half when the sheet was folded. A pair of looped ink initials sits near the foot, as on Images 28 and 30, and small pencil "B" letters appear at several points.
[right half — printed docket panel]
# 57 8241/2[?]
ORDNANCE DEPARTM[ENT — cut off at edge of image]
With Quinby & Robinson
...................................
─────────────────────────────
$110
Approved for
One hundred & Ten
Doll,
Majr Comdg C.S.[?] Arsenal
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[in pencil inside the stamp:] 110
105[?] —
[faint pencil, below the stamp:] 5280
440
─────
5720
[illegible looped initials]
[left half — pencil computations only]
5280
440
─────
5720
5585 625
558[?] 16
───── ─────
61.43 3750
625
──────
10000
1218
5 1/2
───────
6090
609
──────
66.99
Checks: The ink endorsement has one figure: the numeral "$110" and the written "One hundred & Ten Doll." agree, so the approval is internally consistent at $110.00. The pencil sums prove as follows. 5280 + 440 = 5720 — proves exactly. 5585 + 558 = 6143, and the result is written "61.43" — proves exactly if the second figure is read as 558; read as 555 it would be 6140 and would diverge by 3 cents, and that digit is the doubtful one. 625 x 16: partial products 3750 and 625 (shifted), 3750 + 6250 = 10000 — proves exactly. 1218 x 5½: partial products 6090 and 609, 6090 + 609 = 6699, and the result is written "66.99" — proves exactly. None of these pencil figures corresponds to any total elsewhere in this range, and none of them is the $110.00 of the endorsement.
Flagged: The image is cropped inside the sheet on the right-hand side, so the printed heading is truncated ("ORDNANCE DEPARTM…") and any writing in the outer part of the docket panel is lost to the frame. That may be where the approving officer's name stood: unlike Image 28, no signature appears between the "Doll," line and the title line "Majr Comdg C.S.[?] Arsenal", and the title alone is left standing. Treat the endorsement as unsigned in this scan rather than unsigned in fact. The number at the head, "# 57" followed by the same doubtful group read as 824½, is identical to the number on Image 28 even though the two dockets approve different sums ($97.00 there, $110.00 here) — so that number is not a per-voucher number; what it indexes is not determinable from these two sheets. The word before "Arsenal" is the same looped capital with a superscript as on Image 28 and is read "C.S." only tentatively. The pencil arithmetic is emphatically not in the clerk's hand and its figures (5280, 440, 625, 1218, 5½) are the ordinary constants of surveying and rate work — 5280 feet to the mile — rather than anything on this account; it may be much later than the document. Do not treat these sums as part of the Confederate record. The two pencil figures inside the archival stamp, read as 110 over 105, are likewise unexplained; the second is uncertain and may be 103.
Image 33 — Two frames on one sheet: (a) Ordnance Office, Memphis, Tennessee, 30 October 1861, 22 tracings for ordnance work at $5.00 each, total $110, receipted Feby 20th 1862; (b) a docket "With Quinby & Robinson, Sept 4 1861", Confed States, $719.68, receipted Sept 4/61
A full-page scan carrying two separate microfilm frames stacked one above the other on a black ground, each with its own black border. The upper frame is a broad horizontal billhead, wider than tall, on light wove paper. Its printed heading has three parts: a top line of display type that has been completely obliterated by hand with dense pen cross-hatching, leaving only the little word "OF" in the middle still readable; a small printer's ornament below it; then "ORDNANCE OFFICE," in bold outlined-and-shaded capitals at the left, with "Memphis, Tennessee." engraved in script at the right, and a blackletter "To ________ Dr." line beneath. Below that runs a printed double rule with a small printed "1861." at the left and a printed "To" below the rule. Only one line of account is entered. Everything written is in a single fine, flowing hand except the memorandum of possession, which is in a second, rounder hand, and a faint interlineation in pencil above the receipt. The lower frame is the docket half of a folded voucher, taller than wide, printed with a shaded display "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" (here very pale, almost ghosted), the word "With" and a dotted rule, a dotted date rule ending "1861.", and a heavy rule beneath. Its writing is in a fine, elegant, strongly sloped hand; the oval archival handstamp "RECORD DIVISION, ★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★ WAR DEPARTMENT." is struck across its lower third, with the same pair of looped ink initials inside it that appear on Images 28, 30 and 32. The right edge of the lower frame shows the sheet's fold and a strip of the adjoining blank panel.
[upper frame]
~~[printed display line obliterated by hand] OF [obliterated].~~
---•--
ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee.
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861.
30 October
────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
To
22 Tracings for Ordnance Work 5 00/ $110 --
The above Drawing are in
my possession
M. H.[?] Baldwin
[interlined, faint:] Draft[?] ma[illegible]
Recd of W R Hunt ordnance officer
C. S. A. One hundred & ten Doll. in
full of above account ————————
Feby 20th 1862 Quinby & Robinson
[lower frame — docket]
6[?] 5[?] 7
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
With Quinby & Robinson
Sept 4 ................ 1861.
────────────────────────────────
Confed States
$ 424 68
295
─────────
$719. 68
Sept 4/61. Recd. payment
of Confederate States,
p. W. R. Hunt, acting
ordnance officer.
Quinby & Robinson
p[?] H[?] McC[illegible]
in Bk check 4
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[illegible looped initials]
Checks: Upper frame — quantity x rate: 22 tracings at $5.00 = $110.00, and the extension is written "$110 --". Proves exactly at $110.00, and agrees with the receipt ("One hundred & ten Doll."). Lower frame — $424.68 + $295.00 = $719.68, and the footing is written "$719. 68". Proves exactly at $719.68. Note that the $110.00 of the upper frame is the same sum approved on the docket of Image 32; the $719.68 of the lower frame appears nowhere else in this range.
Flagged: Two distinct documents share this image; they are not two views of one sheet, and the totals ($110.00 and $719.68) belong to different transactions. The obliterated printed heading of the upper frame is a deliberate cancellation, not damage — the word "OF" survives between two struck-out words of roughly six and nine letters, and the sheet is otherwise a Memphis ordnance billhead. Proposal only, not part of the transcription: the cancelled line is most likely "STATE OF TENNESSEE.", struck through because the account was being charged to the Confederate States rather than to the state; the letter count fits, but the ink covers the letters completely and I cannot read them. The memorandum "The above Drawing are in my possession" is signed with a name I read as Baldwin; the middle initial is a single looped capital I cannot fix as H rather than some other letter. The faint pencil interlineation above the receipt line is two words, the first beginning with a tall D and ending in what looks like "ft", the second three or four letters; "Draft ma[de]" is my best sense of it but I have marked it rather than assert it. The group written above the printed heading of the lower frame is three characters in two different inks — two very faint and one heavy — read here as 6, 5 and 7 with no confidence in the first two; it may or may not be the same "# 57" that heads Images 28 and 32. The endorsement on the lower frame is a receipt signed by the firm per an agent whose name I read as beginning "McC" and cannot finish; the line under it, "in Bk check 4", records payment by bank check. In the upper frame the officer is "W R Hunt ordnance officer C. S. A."; in the lower he is "W. R. Hunt, acting ordnance officer" — the qualifier "acting" in September 1861 is worth noting against the plain title he uses in February 1862, but I make no claim about his commission.
Image 34 — Two frames on one sheet: (a) State of Tennessee, Ordnance Office, Memphis, Tennessee, account against Quinby & Robinson beginning Aug 25 1861 — castings, brass, lead, malleable iron, boring-mill work — footed $437.51, less a credit of $12.83, net $424.68; (b) docket "C. S. Ordnance Department, With Quinby & Robinson, Aug 12 1861, Amount $295", receipted Sept 4/61
Two microfilm frames stacked on one page against black. The upper frame is a tall ruled bill-head on blue-lined ledger paper, printed "STATE OF TENNESSEE." in spaced capitals across the top, a small ornament, then "ORDNANCE OFFICE," in heavy outlined display capitals at the left with "Memphis, Tennessee." engraved in script at the right, and a blackletter "To ______ Dr." line. A printed "1861." sits at the head of the date column and a printed "To" heads the description column. The sheet is ruled with a date column, a wide description column, a narrow rate column and two money-column pairs at the right. Twenty-odd lines are filled in a small, fast, well-formed commercial hand with a fine nib, brown-black; the certification lines at the foot are in the same or a very similar hand. Down the left margin, outside the date rule, a second hand has written short classification words against several entries — "Iron", "Super Iron" (twice), and one longer note. The paper is creased horizontally in three places and the top-right corner is chipped; a black photographic edge cuts the right margin. The lower frame is the docket panel of a folded voucher, the printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," heading barely inked and almost invisible, with dotted rules for the firm and the date. Its writing is in a fine sloping hand; a large ink blot has spread through the middle of the endorsement, and a smaller one below it. Two strikes of the oval archival handstamp "RECORD DIVISION, ★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★ WAR DEPARTMENT." appear on this frame, one on the far-left panel (cut by the frame edge) and one on the right-hand blank panel. Small pencil "B" letters appear in several margins.
[upper frame]
STATE OF TENNESSEE.
---•--
ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee.
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861. | | | |
Aug 25 To 4 " Block Tinn[?] 1 25 | 5 | 00 | |
" " 4 " Brass 65 | 2 | 60 | |
Iron " " 1 Ramming Bar 100" 6 | 6 | 00 | |
Super Iron " " 1" Twist[?] Iron Pipe 36" 6 | 2 | 16 | |
" " 45 ℔ Brass Castings | 30 | 25 | |
Super Iron " " 1" Twist Iron Pipe 54" 6 | 3 | 24 | |
" " 6 1/2 ℔ Brass 65 | 4 | 22 | |
" " 21 Days Work on Boring mill | | | |
No[?] Property — " " Patterns & Material | 147 | 00 | |
" " [?] 11 Pc Castings 160" 6 | 9 | 60 | |
" " 350 " Castings for boring mill 6 | 21 | 00 | |
" " 47 ℔ Brass Castings 65 | 30 | 55 | |
" " Labor Skill & Material in | | | |
" " Making 60 " Malible Iron | 17 | 00 | |
" " 260 " Boring Mill Castings 6 | 15 | 60 | |
" " 5 Drayage | | 50 | |
|$294 | 72 | |
" " 116 " Castings 6 | 6 | 96 | |
" " 236 ℔ Lead 10 | 23 | 60 | |
" " 249 ℔ Castings 6 | 14 | 94 | |
" " 147 3/4 " Brass 65 | 96 | 04 | |
" " 5 Drayage 1 25 | | | 142 | 79
| | |$437 | 51
By 19 3/4 " Brass Ret[?] 65 | | | 12 | 83
The above Bill is Correct | | |$424 | 68
Geo M[?] Grader[?]
Supt[?] A[?] Armory
I Certify the above ordnance stores have
been Received & accounted for
Ordnance officer C S A
[lower frame — docket]
C. S.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT,
With Quinby & Robinson
Aug 12 .................. 1861.
────────────────────────────────
Amount .......... $ 295
Copy H[?]
Sept. 4/ Recd. payment
from the Confederate Stats,
p W. R. Hunt, acting
ordnance Officer
Quinby & Robinson
p [illegible] McC[illegible]
in Bk check 4
Not abstracted in property
Return — is a portion of
Cost of Iron[?] Shops —
[oval handstamp, struck twice:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: Upper frame, line by line where a rate is given: 4 at 1.25 = 5.00 (proves); 4 at .65 = 2.60 (proves); 100 at .06 = 6.00 (proves); 36 at .06 = 2.16 (proves); 54 at .06 = 3.24 (proves); 6½ at .65 = 4.225, extended as 4.22, i.e. rounded down by a fraction of a cent; 160 at .06 = 9.60 (proves); 350 at .06 = 21.00 (proves); 47 at .65 = 30.55 (proves); 260 at .06 = 15.60 (proves); 116 at .06 = 6.96 (proves); 236 at .10 = 23.60 (proves); 249 at .06 = 14.94 (proves); 147¾ at .65 = 96.0375, extended as 96.04 (proves to the nearest cent); 5 drayage at .25 = 1.25 (proves). First footing: 5.00+2.60+6.00+2.16+30.25+3.24+4.22+147.00+9.60+21.00+30.55+17.00+15.60+0.50 = 294.72, written "$294 72" — proves exactly. Second group: 6.96+23.60+14.94+96.04+1.25 = 142.79, written "142 79" — proves exactly. Grand footing: 294.72 + 142.79 = 437.51, written "$437 51" — proves exactly. Credit: 19¾ at .65 = 12.8375, entered as 12.83 (rounded down). Net: 437.51 - 12.83 = 424.68, written "$424 68" — proves exactly. This $424.68 is the first of the two figures added on the docket of Image 33. Lower frame — one figure, "$ 295", with no itemisation; no arithmetic to prove on that face, but $295.00 is the second figure added on the docket of Image 33, and 424.68 + 295 = 719.68, the total footed there.
Flagged: Two separate documents share this image. The upper frame's printed heading, "STATE OF TENNESSEE.", is the same setting that has been struck out by hand on Image 33 — here it stands uncancelled, which is worth noting: the Memphis ordnance office was using state stationery for accounts that were, at least by the time of the docketing, Confederate. Doubtful readings: the commodity in the first line reads "Block T-nn" with no dot over the vowel, so "Tinn" (block tin, a shop metal) rather than "Tenn" is a judgement from sense, not from the ink, and is marked. "Twist" in the pipe entries is uncertain. The first character of the "11 Pc Castings" entry is an unresolved flourish. The credit line abbreviation after "Brass" is short and looped, read as "Ret[urned]" but not certain. The certifying signature reads "Geo M Grader" — the middle initial may be W and the surname could be Gruder or Groder; his title, read as "Supt A Armory", contains one letter before Armory that I cannot resolve, and "Supt" itself is abbreviated with a superscript. The general certificate at the foot ("I Certify the above ordnance stores have been Received & accounted for") is followed only by the title "Ordnance officer C S A" with no name written above it — the signature space is blank on the sheet, not lost to the frame. The left-margin classification against the "Patterns & Material" line is read here as "No Property —", which agrees with the note on the lower frame that this charge was "Not abstracted in property Return"; the raised second letter could however be a "c", giving "Mc", and I have marked it. In that same note the word before "Shops" has four minim strokes and may be "Iron" or "Gun". The firm's receipt on the lower frame is signed per an agent whose name begins "McC" and is obliterated by an ink blot. The word above the September receipt, read as "Copy", is faint and its following letter is not resolvable.
Image 35 — Two frames on one sheet: (a) State of Tennessee, Ordnance Office, Memphis, Tennessee, account against Quinby & Robinson — bolts, castings, antimony, lead, grate bars, bell hangers, eye bolts — footed $295.89[?]; (b) docket "No. 4, Ordnance Department, With Quinby & Robinson, Aug 12th 1861", approved for $274.65
Two microfilm frames stacked on one page. The upper frame is the same blue-lined ledger bill-head as Image 34 — "STATE OF TENNESSEE." in spaced capitals, ornament, "ORDNANCE OFFICE," in display capitals, "Memphis, Tennessee." in engraved script, blackletter payee line, printed "1861." and "To" — and it is filled in the same small fast commercial hand. Eighteen item lines run down the sheet, each with a rate in the narrow column and an extension in the money columns, and a footed total. A large irregular stain — pale brown, with a torn or abraded centre — spreads across the left margin from about the ninth line down to the sixteenth, and has taken some of the margin classifications with it. Below the certificate, in soft pencil in a later hand, are four lines of addition, one line of which is scored through with a long diagonal stroke. The lower frame is a docket panel from a folded voucher: printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," faintly inked, dotted rules for the firm name and date, a heavy rule below. Its writing is in a fine, very sloped, elegant hand in pale ink; a superscript fraction is written over a printed or ruled line; below the signature line the word "Tenn" is written very large. A short pencil line "1 - 2 - 3" sits at the foot. The far-left and far-right panels of the lower sheet are blank.
[upper frame]
STATE OF TENNESSEE.
---•--
ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee.
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861. | |
Wrot Iron To 170 " Nut Bolts Eyes & Screws 16 2/3 | 28 | 33
" 1793 " Castings Pullies Hangers &c 6 | 107 | 58
" 13 " Antimony 75 | 9 | 75
To 100 " Lead 11 | 11 | 00
" 18 Stair Bolts 30 | 5 | 40
" 75 " Bar Iron 10 | 7 | 50
" 5 Drayages | 1 | 25
" 370 ℔ Grate Bars 4 1/2 | 16 | 65
Wrot Iron " Keys & Strap Screws 10 ℔ s | 1 | 60
Do " 4 Cary[?] Rods 20 ℔ s | 2 | 50
" 56 " Bolts 16 2/3 | 9 | 33
Castings " 670 " Back Plates Front Falls[?] &c 6 | 40 | 20
Wrot Iron " 114 " Bolts & Chimney Band 16 2/3 | 19 | 00
Iron " 2 & Ihe[?] & Washers | | 25
" 2 " Bell Hangers | 2 | 50
Wrot Iron " 22 Eye Bolts 22 ℔ 30 | 6 | 60
" 1 Drayage | | 25
" 440 " Iron[?] Irons 6 | 26 | 40
The above Bill is Correct |$295 | 89[?]
Geo W Grader
Supt at Armory
I Certify the above ordnance stores have
been Received & accounted for
W R Hunt
ord officer C S A
[in pencil:] 295 89
424 68
───────
720 57
64
───────
~~556 57~~
64
[lower frame — docket]
No. 4.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT,
With Quinby & Robinson
Aug 12th ............... 1861.
────────────────────────────────
Approved for Two hundred
& Seventy four 65/100 dollars
Major Comdg [illegible]
Arsenal
Tenn
[in pencil:] 1 - 2 - 3
Checks: Where a rate is given, every extension proves: 170 at 16⅔¢ = 28.33; 1793 at 6¢ = 107.58; 13 at 75¢ = 9.75; 100 at 11¢ = 11.00; 18 at 30¢ = 5.40; 75 at 10¢ = 7.50; 5 at 25¢ = 1.25; 370 at 4½¢ = 16.65; 10 at 16¢ = 1.60; 20 at 12½¢ = 2.50; 56 at 16⅔¢ = 9.33; 670 at 6¢ = 40.20; 114 at 16⅔¢ = 19.00; 22 at 30¢ = 6.60; 440 at 6¢ = 26.40. Footing: the eighteen extensions as I read them sum to $296.09. The written footing reads $295.89 (see Flagged on the cents), so the footing is short of the entered items by $0.20 — I could not find a misread figure that closes the gap, and I have not adjusted any entry to make it close. The pencil addition below uses 295 89 as the first figure, which supports 295.89 as the intended footing: 295.89 + 424.68 = 720.57, and the pencil result is written 720 57 — that addition proves exactly. The scored-through line below it (556 57, with 64 detached) does not resolve into a proved sum and appears to be an abandoned working. The docket's approval, $274.65, is internally consistent (words only; no numeral is given) but does not equal the account's footing.
Flagged: Two documents share this image. The footing is the weak point: the third and fourth figures of "$295 89" sit either side of a column rule and are formed alike, so 295.59 is a possible reading of the same ink; I have preferred 295.89 because the pencil addition on the same sheet uses that figure, and I flag that this is inference from context, not certainty in the stroke. Either reading leaves the footing at odds with the sum of the entered items ($296.09). The margin classifications are partly lost in the stain — "Wrot Iron", "Do", "Castings" and "Iron" are readable, others are not. Doubtful item readings: "4 Cary Rods" (the noun may be Carry, Curry or a proper name); "Front Falls" in the back-plates entry; "2 & Ihe & Washers", where the middle word is a short scrawl I cannot resolve; and the material word before "Irons" in the last item, which has the same four-minim ambiguity as the note on Image 34 and may be Iron or Gun. The certifying signature is "Geo W Grader / Supt at Armory" — note this frame gives the middle initial as W and the preposition as "at", which bears on the same signature on Image 34; the surname is still not certain. The approving officer on the docket signs only by office: "Major Comdg [word] / Arsenal / Tenn", and the word between Comdg and Arsenal is a large looped group I cannot read; it is not obviously "Memphis". The relation between the frames is worth stating plainly and no further: this account foots about $295.89, while the docket bound with it approves $274.65, and it is the docket on Image 34 that reads "Amount $295". Do not merge these figures without more of the file.
Image 36 — Two frames on one sheet: (a) the duplicate (payee's) copy of the Image 34 account — heading amended in ink from "STATE OF TENNESSEE" to "Confederate STATE OF America" — footed $437.51 less $12.83, receipted at Memphis Sept 4th 1861 for $424.68; (b) the docket "# 7 / Quinby & Robinson / Ordnance Department, With Q & R, Sept 4 1861", carrying 424 68 + 295 89 = $720 57 and approved by W R Hunt for $295.89
Two microfilm frames stacked on one page, both noticeably crisper and better lit than the corresponding frames on Images 34 and 35. The upper frame is the same blue-lined "STATE OF TENNESSEE. / ORDNANCE OFFICE, / Memphis, Tennessee." bill-head, but the printed heading has been altered by hand: the word "Confederate" is written in front of the printed "STATE OF", the printed "TENNESSEE." is struck through with a heavy pen stroke, and a cursive word — read as "America" — is written across it. The account below is the same account as Image 34, item for item, in the same commercial hand but written out afresh; every money line carries a small ink check in the column at the right and a second, larger check further right, the marks of two separate audits. The paper is torn away at the upper right corner and the top edge is ragged; a horizontal fold crosses the sheet below the last item. The lower frame is a folded voucher shown from the back, in four panels; the second panel carries the docket, printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," (faint), with the firm's name written large above the printed heading and a two-line addition below the rule. Two strikes of the oval "RECORD DIVISION, ★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★ WAR DEPARTMENT." handstamp appear, one on the first panel and one on the third. A single large ink check sits alone in the middle of the docket panel, and near the foot a pair of looped initials, the same mark as on Images 28, 30, 32 and 34.
[upper frame]
Confederate STATE OF ~~TENNESSEE~~ America[?]
---•--
ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee.
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861. | | | |
August 22 To " 4 " Block Tinn[?] 1 25 | 5 | 00 | ✓ ✓
" " " 4 " Brass 65 | 2 | 60 | ✓ ✓
" " " 1 Ramming Bar 100 " 6 | 6 | 00 | ✓ ✓
" " " 1 Twist Iron Pipe 36 " 6 | 2 | 16 | ✓ ✓
" " " 45 Brass Castings | 30 | 25 | ✓ ✓
" " " 1 Twist Iron Back[?] 54 " 6 | 3 | 24 | ✓ ✓
" " " 6 1/2 " Brass 65 | 4 | 22 | ✓ ✓
" " " 21 Day Worken Boring mill | | |
" " Patterns & Material for same | 147 | 00 | ✓ ✓
" " " 11 Pc[?] Castings 160 " 6 | 9 | 60 | ✓ ✓
" " " 350 " Castings for boring mill 6 | 21 | 00 | ✓ ✓
" " " 47 1/2 " Brass Castings 65 | 30 | 55 | ✓ ✓
" " " Labor Skill Material in | | |
" " " Making 60 " Malible Iron | 17 | 00 | ✓ ✓
" " " 260 " Boring Mill Castings | 15 | 60 | ✓ ✓
" " " 3 Drayages | | 50 | ✓ ✓
" " |$294 | 72 | ✓ ✓
" " " 116 " Castings 6 | 6 | 96 | ✓ ✓
" " " 236 " Lead 10 | 23 | 60 | ✓ ✓
" " " 249 " Castings 6 | 14 | 94 | ✓ ✓
" " " 147 3/4 " Brass 65 | 96 | 04 | ✓ ✓
" " " 5 Drays 1 25 | | | 142 | 79 ✓
| | |$437 | 51
By 19 3/4 " Brass Ret[?] 65 | | | 12 | 83 ✓
The above Bill is Correct ✓ | | |$424 | 68
Geo W Grader
Supt at Armory
Recd of W R Hunt ordnance officer C S A
Four hundred & twenty four 68/100 Dolls in full
of the above account
Memphis Sept 4th 1861
Quinby & Robinson
[lower frame — docket]
# 7
Quinby & Robinson
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT,
With Q & R ..............................
Sept 4 ....................... 1861
──────────────────────────────────────────
424 68
295 89 —— $720 57 ✓
Approved for Two hundred
& Ninety five 89/100 dollars
W R Hunt
Major Comdg C S Arsenal
✓
[oval handstamp, struck twice:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[illegible looped initials]
Checks: Upper frame — the extensions and footings are the same as Image 34 and prove the same way. First footing: 5.00+2.60+6.00+2.16+30.25+3.24+4.22+147.00+9.60+21.00+30.55+17.00+15.60+0.50 = 294.72, written "$294 72" — proves exactly. Second group: 6.96+23.60+14.94+96.04+1.25 = 142.79, written "142 79" — proves exactly. Grand: 294.72 + 142.79 = 437.51, written "$437 51" — proves exactly. Less the credit: 437.51 - 12.83 = 424.68, written "$424 68" — proves exactly, and the receipt below reads "Four hundred & twenty four 68/100 Dolls". One extension does NOT prove on either copy: this frame reads the quantity plainly as "47 1/2 ℔ Brass Castings" at 65¢, which is $30.8750, while the extension entered is $30.55 — the figure that 47 pounds even would give. The divergence is 32½ cents in the Confederacy's favour, and the footings are built on the entered $30.55, so the sheet is internally consistent and only the one line is wrong. The credit line is likewise short: 19¾ at 65¢ = $12.8375, entered as $12.83. Lower frame — 424.68 + 295.89 = 720.57, written "$720 57"; proves exactly. The $424.68 is this sheet's own account; the $295.89 is the account transcribed as Image 35, which settles the doubtful footing there.
Flagged: Two documents share this image, and the upper frame is a second copy of the account already transcribed as Image 34 — not a different transaction. This frame is the better witness of the two and corrects several readings taken from Image 34: the date is "August 22" (both figures are the same 2-shape), the third item is a "Ramming Bar", the fourth and sixth are "Twist Iron" work, the brass-castings quantity is "47 1/2" and not 47, the drayage line is "3 Drayages" and not five, and the subtotal is beyond question "$294 72". Where those readings differ from my Image 34 section, see the amendment at the end of this file. Still doubtful here: "Block Tinn" (no dot over the vowel, so Tinn versus Tenn is a judgement from sense); the noun in "1 Twist Iron Back", which may be Rack; the abbreviation in "11 Pc Castings"; and "Ret" in the credit line. The heading alteration is unambiguous as an act — the state name is struck and a word written over it — but the overwriting word itself is a rapid scrawl, and "America" is my reading of it rather than a certainty; the sense of the amendment (Confederate States of America in place of State of Tennessee) is not in doubt, and it explains the wholly obliterated heading on Image 33. The approval on the docket reads "Approved for Two hundred & Ninety five 89/100 dollars" — that is $295.89, the second of the two figures added directly above it, not their sum of $720.57 which the same hand has just written. I record that as it stands and do not reconcile it. This frame also settles two readings carried as doubtful earlier in this range: the officer's title is "Major Comdg C S Arsenal", written here clearly, which supports the tentative "C.S." on Images 28 and 32; and the certifier at the armory is "Geo W Grader / Supt at Armory", though the surname itself is still not beyond question.
Image 37 — The duplicate (payee's) copy of the Image 35 account, heading amended to "Confederate STATE OF America": gross $347.97, four items struck out, receipted at Memphis Sept 4th 1861 for $295.89
A single tall frame — one sheet, no second document — on the same blue-lined "STATE OF TENNESSEE. / ORDNANCE OFFICE, / Memphis, Tennessee." ledger bill-head as Images 34 to 36, and the clearest copy of this account in the range. The printed heading has been altered in ink exactly as on Image 36: "Confederate" is written in front of "STATE OF", the printed "TENNESSEE." is scored through, and a cursive word read as "America" is written above and across it. Twenty-two item lines run down the sheet in a small, fluent commercial hand with a fine nib; the paper is lightly foxed at the left edge and there is a vertical crease down the middle of the lower half. Four of the item lines have been cancelled after the fact with a single long horizontal pen stroke drawn right through the description, the rate and the money columns, and the footing that stood at the bottom has been scored through with a diagonal and a heavier corrected total written under it. Every surviving money line carries two ink checks in the columns at the right, as on Image 36 — two separate audits. Below the certificate the firm's receipt is written across four lines in a broader, faster hand; the ink there is darker and the pen wetter. Small pencil "B" letters appear at three points down the left margin, and further faint pencil figures at the very foot of the sheet, too light to read. No archival handstamp on this face.
Confederate STATE OF ~~TENNESSEE~~ America[?]
---•--
ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee.
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861. | | |
To 170 " Nut Bolts Eyes & Stirrups 16 2/3 | 28 | 33 | ✓ ✓
1793 " Castings, Pullies Hangers &c 6 | 107 | 58 | ✓ ✓
13 " Antimony 75 | 9 | 75 | ✓ ✓
106 " Lead 10 | 11 | 60 | ✓ ✓
18 Str[?] n Bolts 30 | 5 | 40 | ✓ ✓
75 " Bar Iron 10 | 7 | 50 | ✓ ✓
5 Drayages | 1 | 25 | ✓ ✓
370 " Grate Bars 4 1/2 | 16 | 65 | ✓ ✓
Keys & Strap Joint | 1 | 50 | ✓ ✓
4 Guy Rods | 2 | 50 | ✓ ✓
56 " Bolts 16 2/3 | 9 | 33 | ✓ ✓
675 " Back Plate Front Grates &c 6 | 40 | 50 | ✓ ✓
114 " Bolts & Chimney Band 16 2/3 | 19 | 00 | ✓ ✓
24 Nut Washers | | 25 | ✓ ✓
Bell Hanger | 1 | 50 | ✓ ✓
22 Eye Bolts 30 | 6 | 60 | ✓ ✓
1 Drayage | | 25 | ✓ ✓
~~19 1/2 " Brass Hause[?] 75 | 14 | 63~~
440 " Twyer Castings 6 | 26 | 40 | ✓ ✓
~~ 20 Common Nails[?] 5 d | 1 | 00~~
~~181 " Gun[?] Metal 20 | 36 | 20~~
~~ 1 Drayage | | 25~~
The above Bill is Correct ~~$347 | 97~~
Geo W Grader $295 | 89 ✓
Supt at Armory
Recd of W R Hunt ordnance officer C S A
Two hundred & Ninety five 89/100 Doll, in full
of the above account
Memphis Sept 4th 1861
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Every extension with a stated rate proves: 170 at 16⅔¢ = 28.33; 1793 at 6¢ = 107.58; 13 at 75¢ = 9.75; 18 at 30¢ = 5.40; 75 at 10¢ = 7.50; 5 at 25¢ = 1.25; 370 at 4½¢ = 16.65; 56 at 16⅔¢ = 9.33; 675 at 6¢ = 40.50; 114 at 16⅔¢ = 19.00; 22 at 30¢ = 6.60; 440 at 6¢ = 26.40. Among the cancelled lines: 19½ at 75¢ = 14.625, entered 14.63 (rounded up a fraction); 20 at 5¢ = 1.00; 181 at 20¢ = 36.20 — all prove. One line does not: "106 " Lead" at 10¢ should extend to $10.60, and $11.60 is entered — a divergence of exactly one dollar, and the footing is built on the entered $11.60. Footings: the eighteen surviving items (with 11.60 as entered) sum to 28.33+107.58+9.75+11.60+5.40+7.50+1.25+16.65+1.50+2.50+9.33+40.50+19.00+0.25+1.50+6.60+0.25+26.40 = $295.89, and the corrected footing is written "$295 89" — proves exactly. The four cancelled items sum to 14.63+1.00+36.20+0.25 = $52.08, and 295.89 + 52.08 = $347.97, which is the scored-through footing — so the cancellation and the correction prove exactly against each other. The receipt agrees at "Two hundred & Ninety five 89/100 Doll."
Flagged: This frame is a second, cleaner copy of the account transcribed as Image 35, and it settles that account's footing at $295.89 and corrects several of my readings there — the first item is "Nut Bolts Eyes & Stirrups" not screws, the rods are "Guy Rods", the back-plate entry is "Front Grates" and the quantity 675 (extending to 40.50, not 40.20), the washers line is "24 Nut Washers", the lead is 106 ℔ at 10¢, and the keys and bell-hanger lines are 1.50 each; with those readings the items foot exactly to $295.89. See the amendment at the end of this file. The four cancelled lines are the substantive find on this sheet: brass, common nails, gun metal and a drayage, $52.08 in all, were struck from a bill originally footed at $347.97 — the strokes are single, deliberate and drawn after the sums were entered, and the corrected total is in the same ink, so this is a disallowance or a withdrawal at the time of settlement rather than later tampering. Doubtful readings remain in the cancelled lines, where the pen stroke runs through the words: "Brass Hause" is my best rendering of a five-letter word beginning H or N; "Common Nails" is probable but the noun is crossed; and the material before "Metal" reads most naturally as "Gun", which — gun metal at 20¢ the pound — makes sense of the same four-minim word on Images 34 and 35 that I could not settle there. "18 Str n Bolts" contains a short abbreviation I cannot expand. The word amended into the printed heading is a rapid scrawl; "America" is a reading, not a certainty, though the sense of the alteration is plain.
Image 38 — Docket panel "# 57 / 821 1/2 / ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, With Quinby & Robinson, 1861", endorsed "Approved for One hundred & five Doll." ($105.00) by W R Hunt
The blank back of a printed voucher, folded once down the middle and photographed against a black ground; the left half is empty stock, the right half carries the printed docket. The paper is clean, lightly toned, with a sharp centre crease and a small nick at the top edge. The docket block is printed with the outlined-and-shaded display heading "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT,", the word "With" followed by a dotted rule for the firm name, a second dotted rule below ending in a printed "1861.", and a heavy rule under that. The writing is in a pale, hard-nibbed brown ink, thin and sprawling — the same pen and hand as the endorsement on Image 32 — and the whole endorsement occupies the middle of the panel with generous spacing. A single large ink check sits below the signature. The oval archival handstamp "RECORD DIVISION, ★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★ WAR DEPARTMENT." is struck across the lower panel, and the familiar pair of looped ink initials is written inside its oval. The printed date rule was never filled in beyond the printed year, so the docket carries no month or day.
[right half — printed docket panel]
# 57 — 821 1/2[?]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT,
With Quinby & Robinson ..................
.............................. 1861.
──────────────────────────────────────────
$105 oo
Approved for
One hundred & five
Doll,
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg Confd[?] Arsenal
✓
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[inside the oval, in ink:] [illegible looped initials]
Checks: One figure only. The numeral "$105 oo" and the written "One hundred & five Doll." agree, so the approval is internally consistent at $105.00. Nothing on this face is itemised and there is no footing to prove against. No other sheet in this range carries a total of $105.00.
Flagged: The number at the head is the same construction as on Images 28 and 32 — "# 57" followed by a group beginning 82 and ending in a half — but it is written more clearly here and reads 821½ rather than the 824½ I gave from Image 28. All three sheets almost certainly carry the same number; whichever way the third figure is read, it should be read the same way on all three, and I have flagged it rather than silently harmonising the earlier sections. See the amendment at the end of this file. The abbreviation before "Arsenal" is written here as a capital C with a superscript and a bar, which reads most naturally as "Confd" (Confederate); on Image 36 the same officer's title is written out more plainly as "C S Arsenal". The two are almost certainly the same formula in different abbreviations, but I have transcribed each frame as it stands. The last word of the sum is abbreviated with a terminal flourish and could be read "Dale" as written; in context, and against the identical endorsements on Images 28 and 32, it is "Doll." for dollars, and I note the ambiguity rather than smoothing it away. The pencil figures written inside the archival stamp on Image 32 read 110 over 105 — the two approval sums on Image 32 and this sheet — which suggests a later hand was tallying these dockets; that is an observation, not an established fact.
Image 39 — Ordnance Office, Memphis, Tennessee, 1861 (day column "Oct[?] 6"), heading amended to "Confederate STATE OF America": 21 drawings and specifications for ordnance work at $5 each, $105.00, receipted Feby 20th 1862
A single frame, one broad horizontal billhead wider than tall, on light wove paper, filling the image against a narrow black ground. The printed heading is the same setting as Images 33 and 34: a top display line, an ornament, "ORDNANCE OFFICE," in bold outlined-and-shaded capitals at the left with "Memphis, Tennessee." engraved in script at the right, and a blackletter "To _____ Dr." line below. Here the printed line reads "STATE OF TENNESSEE." and has been altered in ink in the same way as Images 36 and 37 — the word "Confederate" written in front of "STATE OF", the printed state name scored through, and a large cursive word, read as "America", written across it, its terminal flourish sweeping down past the ornament. A printed "1861." heads the date column and a printed "To" the description column. Only two lines of account are entered, in a fine, fast, sloping hand; the money figure carries a check mark before it and a second, larger check in the outer column. Below the account, in a rounder and more upright hand, is a three-line memorandum of possession, and below that the firm's receipt in a heavier, wetter pen. The left edge of the sheet is torn away in a small V just below the ruled head, taking part of the date column with it; there are light horizontal creases across the lower third. Faint pencil "B" letters sit at three points in the body. No archival handstamp on this face.
Confederate STATE OF ~~TENNESSEE~~ America[?]
---•--
ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee.
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861.
Oct[?] 6 To
" " " 21 Drawings & Specifications
" " " For Ordnance Work @ $5. ✓ | 105 | 00 | ✓
The above Drawings are
in my possession
M, H, Baldwin
Recd of W R Hunt ordnance officer
C. S. A. One hundred & five Doll. in full
of above account
Feby 20th 1862
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Quantity x rate: 21 drawings and specifications at $5.00 = $105.00, and the extension is written "105 | 00". Proves exactly at $105.00. It agrees with the receipt ("One hundred & five Doll.") and with the docket approval of $105.00 on Image 38.
Flagged: The month in the date column sits against the torn left edge and is written over the heavy ruled head of the account, so the letters run into the printing; a large looped capital, two or three small letters and a bold "6" are all that can be made out, and while "Oct 6" is my reading I would not rely on it — the companion sheet on Image 33 is dated "30 October" 1861, which makes an October date plausible but is not evidence for this one. This account is the close companion of the upper frame of Image 33: same billhead, same draughtsman's memorandum, same officer, same receipt date of 20 February 1862, and the same rate of $5 the sheet — 22 tracings for $110 there, 21 drawings and specifications for $105 here. The memorandum here is legible where Image 33's was not, and gives the draughtsman's name plainly as "M, H, Baldwin", written with commas rather than points; that settles the doubtful middle initial on Image 33. The heading alteration is the third instance of the same act in this range (see also Images 36 and 37) and the fourth if the wholly obliterated heading of Image 33 is counted; the overwritten word is read as "America" but is a rapid scrawl in every instance. Note that no explanation appears on this sheet for why drawings that the Ordnance Office paid for remained in Baldwin's possession — the memorandum states the fact and nothing more, and I make no inference from it.
Amendments
All thirteen images were transcribed in order before any section was revisited. The following corrections arise from later sheets in the range — chiefly Images 36, 37, 38 and 39, which are cleaner duplicates or companions of earlier documents. The original sections above are left as written; these amendments override them where they conflict.
A1 — Image 28. I flagged there that the $97.00 approval on that docket did not match the $25.00 account on Image 27, and offered two possible explanations. Neither is needed: the account for $97.00 is Image 29, which foots and receipts at exactly that sum. The docket answers the Image 29 account, not Image 27's. My reasoning from the reversed show-through was sound as to the form but not as to which sheet — Images 27 and 29 are printed from the same setting, so their set-off is indistinguishable. Read the Image 28 "Flagged" note accordingly; the discrepancy it describes is not a discrepancy. — 6 September 2026
A2 — Image 28, and Image 32. I read the number at the head of both dockets as "# 57" followed by a group I gave as 8241/2. Image 38, where the same number is written more openly, reads 821½. All three sheets carry one number; it should be read 821½ (or at least the same way) on all three. The doubt over the third figure stands, but 824 was the weaker reading. — 6 September 2026
A3 — Images 28 and 32. The word before "Arsenal" in W. R. Hunt's title, which I could only offer as "C.S.[?]", is written plainly on Image 36 as "C S Arsenal" and on Image 38 as an abbreviation reading "Confd". The title is "Major Commanding C.S. Arsenal" or the same in the "Confederate" abbreviation; the reading is no longer doubtful in substance. — 6 September 2026
A4 — Image 33. The obliterated printed heading of the upper frame, which I proposed as "STATE OF TENNESSEE." on letter-count alone, is confirmed by the same setting standing uncancelled on Images 34, 35, 36, 37 and 39. The proposal may be treated as established. — 6 September 2026
A5 — Image 33. The draughtsman's memorandum is signed "M, H, Baldwin" — Image 39 carries the same memorandum in the same hand and is legible. The middle initial I marked doubtful is H. — 6 September 2026
A6 — Image 34. Image 36 is a second copy of the same account and is the better witness. From it: the date is "August 22", not "Aug 25"; the third item is "1 Ramming Bar"; the fourth and sixth are "Twist Iron Pipe" and "Twist Iron Back[?]"; the brass-castings quantity is "47 1/2", not 47; and the drayage line near the subtotal is "3 Drayages", not "5 Drayage". The subtotal reading "$294 72" is confirmed. Consequently one extension does not prove, which I did not report in the Image 34 Checks: 47½ ℔ at 65¢ is $30.8750 against the $30.55 entered, a shortfall of 32½ cents. All the footings remain proved, because they are built on the entered figure. — 6 September 2026
A7 — Images 34 and 35. The four-minim word I could not settle as "Iron" or "Gun" — in the note "Cost of ___ Shops" on Image 34 and the item "440 " ___ Irons" on Image 35 — should be read "Gun". Image 37 carries the cancelled item "181 " Gun Metal" at 20¢ in the same hand, and Image 37 also gives the 440 line as "440 " Twyer Castings". Gun metal and tuyère castings both belong to the same foundry work. — 6 September 2026
A8 — Image 35. This is the substantive correction in the range. Image 37 is a cleaner copy of the same account and settles both the footing and six item readings. The footing is $295.89, confirmed three times over — by the corrected total on Image 37, by the approval on Image 36, and by the addition 424.68 + 295.89 = 720.57 on the Image 36 docket. The corrected item readings are: first item "Nut Bolts Eyes & Stirrups", not screws; "106 " Lead" at 10¢ extended $11.60, not 100 at 11¢; "Keys & Strap Joint" $1.50, not $1.60; "4 Guy Rods", not Cary Rods; "675 " Back Plate Front Grates &c" at 6¢ extending $40.50, not 670 extending $40.20; "24 Nut Washers" 25¢; "Bell Hanger" $1.50, not $2.50. With those readings the eighteen items foot to exactly $295.89. The $0.20 divergence I reported under Checks in the Image 35 section was mine, not the clerk's — that account proves exactly, and the divergence there should be struck. The one line that genuinely does not prove is the lead: 106 at 10¢ is $10.60 against $11.60 entered, a dollar in the firm's favour, carried into the footing on both copies. — 6 September 2026
A9 — Image 35. The docket in the lower frame of that image ("No. 4", approved for $274.65) does not answer the account in its upper frame, which settles at $295.89 and is approved on Image 36. Several dockets in this range are filmed with accounts they do not belong to; the pairing of any account with the docket photographed beside it should not be assumed. — 6 September 2026
Image 40 — Two documents on one frame: (a) an archival cross-reference card, "Quimby & Robinson, Memphis, Tenn. & Atlanta, Ga., Contractors"; (b) the docket panel of Voucher No. 625, Ordnance Department, Memphis, approved by W. R. Hunt for $1832.10, with a later pencil addition footed at $24[?]9.34
One large frame carrying two separate items photographed one above the other against a black ground. The upper item is a small ruled card, portrait format, faintly blue-lined, filled in a very fine, even, late-nineteenth-century clerical copperplate quite unlike any of the wartime hands in this file — the letters are small, upright to slightly right-leaning, and written with a hard fine nib. The firm name heads the card, the two places follow on the next lines (the "& Atlanta, Ga." line is fainter and appears to have been added afterwards in a paler ink), then "Contractors"; below a gap come five lines of finding-aid citations, and at the very foot of the card the words "Tenn. & Ga." A faint pencil "B" sits near the top edge and another in the lower half. Across the middle-lower part of the card is the oval archival handstamp — "RECORD DIVISION," around the top, "★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★" in the inner oval, "WAR DEPARTMENT." around the bottom — struck here in a very pale, almost dry grey-purple. The lower item is the blank back of a full-size printed voucher sheet, folded into four vertical panels and photographed landscape; the three outer panels are empty apart from show-through and a small pencil "B" at two corners, and all the writing is on the second panel from the right, which carries the printed docket block: "No. Voucher," on a dotted lead line, "Ordnance Department." in bold Roman, and "Memphis,………186" beneath. The voucher number and the approval are in a broad, heavy, high-pressure hand in brown-black iron-gall ink; between them, written over and below the printed date line, is a column of four money figures of which only the first is in that same dark ink — the three lower figures and the ruled-off footing are in soft, very faint pencil and are the hardest matter on this frame. A second Rebel Archives oval handstamp, badly under-inked and broken, is struck low on the panel, with a bold ink check-tick through it, and below that a large looped pair of ink initials. The sheet is clean, with no tears; the vertical fold at the right of the written panel has darkened.
[(a) cross-reference card:]
Quimby & Robinson
Memphis, Tenn.
& Atlanta, Ga.
Contractors
See Letters Recd Western
Dept— T[?] 2 . Chap 2. 158 1/2.
p 558 — Q 2, p 466 —
S 56, p 500 —
See "C"-14. Vessels.
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Tenn. & Ga.
[(b) voucher docket panel:]
No. Voucher, 625
Ordnance Department.
Memphis,................186
10
$ 1832 --------
367 50
$ 26[?]3 7[?]4
----------------------
$ 24[?]9 34
Quimby & Robinson
Approved for Eighteen
hundred & thirty two
10/100 Dolls.
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg [illegible] Arsenal
[oval handstamp, broken:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[looped initials]
Checks: The card carries only volume and page citations — no money, nothing to prove. On the voucher docket, the ink figure "$1832 10" and the written approval "Eighteen hundred & thirty two 10/100 Dolls." agree exactly, so the approval is internally consistent at $1832.10. The pencil column beneath it does not prove on the readings I can defend: 1832.10 + 367.50 + 263.74 = 2463.34, which is not the 24[?]9.34 I read at the foot; 1832.10 + 367.50 + 269.74 = 2469.34 does foot exactly, and 1832.10 + 373.50 + 263.74 = 2469.34 does too. The pencil is too faint and too broken for me to choose between those, so the addition is recorded as unproved rather than forced. Only the $1832.10 approval is certain.
Flagged: The three lower money figures and the footing are in soft pencil on a light sheet and have partly rubbed away; the digit groups "26[?]3", "7[?]4" and "24[?]9" each contain one stroke I cannot separate (in the footing the doubtful digit is additionally covered by an ink blot from the line above). I have marked each rather than pick the digit that makes the sum come out — see Checks for the three arithmetic possibilities. The pencil column is plainly a later hand from the ink approval and is very likely an auditor accumulating this voucher with two others; it is not part of Hunt's approval and should not be read as the amount of this voucher. The last word of the title under Hunt's signature is a single practised flourish between "Comdg" and "Arsenal"; it begins with a tall looped ascender and carries a superscript, and I can make no confident reading of it — the sister reader records "C.S.[?]" for what may be the same formula on image 28, but the stroke here does not support asserting that. The letter after "Dept—" on the cross-reference card is a capital with a heavy horizontal bar; "T" is the likelier reading but "F" cannot be excluded. The firm is spelled "Quimby" on both parts of this frame — that is the clerk's and the archivist's spelling and has not been normalised. The printed "Memphis,………186" date line on the docket was never filled in, so the docket bears no date; the cross-reference card is undated and, on the evidence of the hand and of the "Rebel Archives" apparatus it cites, is a post-war War Department finding aid rather than a Confederate document. The two items on this frame are not the recto and verso of one sheet and need not belong to each other; the card indexes the firm generally.
Image 41 — Two documents on one frame: (a) the account and receipt of Quinby & Robinson for three 12-inch[?] bronze howitzers, Ordnance Department—Memphis, Jany 21 1862, certified and paid by W. R. Hunt, $1832.10; (b) a printed vignette receipt No. 358, Memphis, February 14 1862, Quinby & Robinson to J. E. Logwood for block tin and pig copper
One large frame carrying two separate sheets photographed one above the other against a black ground. The upper item is a full printed account-and-receipt form on a light, faintly blue-ruled wove sheet, portrait format, with the ordnance form's three money columns ruled in blue-black down the right-hand third; the printed matter is a small Roman heading, a large open-face titling line, and the certificate and receipt paragraphs at the foot in a condensed modern face. The clerical entries are in a fine, fluent, right-leaning copperplate in brown-black iron-gall ink, quite different from the broader hand that signs the certificate. A very heavy black ink blot the size of a thumbnail sits at the right edge on the payee line, and a smaller one just under it. The middle of the sheet is otherwise empty apart from a memorandum line in the same fine hand and, well below it, a dense scribble of ink cancellation strokes in the second money column. Two separate blocks of pencil addition, both written across the ruled lines at a steep slant with the sheet evidently turned on the desk, occupy the lower middle of the sheet; the pencil is soft and pale and both blocks are hard to read where the printed rules cross them. In the left margin at mid-sheet is a set-off — a mirror-image offset of another document's writing picked up while the ink was wet — which is illegible. There is one horizontal fold across the middle and a light vertical fold; the sheet is clean, with no tears and no handstamps. The lower item is a small printed receipt slip in landscape format, on a lighter, thinner paper with printed hairlines for writing, its left third occupied by a wood-engraved vignette of an armed classical female figure (Minerva or Liberty) standing on a rock, shading her eyes with one hand, a sheaf of arrows or a quiver at her back and a staff at her left. The form's number sits in a printed ornamental shaded scroll. The writing is in two hands: a fine ink hand for the body, and a much larger, bolder, high-pressure hand for the firm's signature. Long looping descenders and a heavy diagonal pen stroke run down through the body of the slip and cross the words "Tin" and "Requisition." Both edges of the slip are slightly ragged and the top edge shows a shallow tear or cockle; there are no handstamps on either item.
[(a) account and receipt:]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
——
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
Jany 21 62 To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
[large ink blot]
3 12' Bronze Howitzers 610 70 | 1832 | 10 | ✓
| | |
| | ✓ |
Logwood to Exchange Recpts with Grader[?]
[heavy ink cancellation scribble]
[pencil, written slantwise across the rules — first block:]
1832.10
355.74
361.50
————————
2549.34
[pencil, second block, at a different slant:]
1832.10
355.74
361.50
————————
2549.34
[?]6[?]
————————
2 9 [?] [?] . 3 4 [footing largely illegible]
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to Eighteen
10/100 Dols Hundred & Thirty two
and that the property has been received a̶n̶d̶ ̶a̶c̶c̶o̶u̶n̶t̶e̶d̶ for.
Wm Richardson Hunt
Ordn officer, C S A
RECEIVED, Memphis, Jany 21st.................., 1862, of...... W R Hunt ..........
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Eighteen Hundred Thirty two 10/100 Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Quinby & Robinson
[(b) printed vignette receipt:]
[engraved figure] ( No. 358 ) Memphis, February 14 1862
Received of J E Logwood Cn[?] M[?]o[?] Armory Officer,
Requisition 350
√ 66 pcs Block Tin 1508 ‾
√ 39 Boxes 3 Pigs Copper 9990 ‾
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: (a) proves exactly. 3 × $610.70 = $1832.10, which is the extension, the only entry in the money column, the footing, the sum certified in words ("Eighteen Hundred & Thirty two 10/100 Dols") and the sum receipted in words ("Eighteen Hundred Thirty two 10/100 Dollars"). The first pencil block proves exactly: 1832.10 + 355.74 + 361.50 = 2549.34. The second pencil block repeats the same three addends and the same footing of 2549.34, then carries a further faint figure and a second footing that cannot be read, so that lower step cannot be proved. (b) No money on the slip — the three figures (350, 1508, 9990) are a requisition number and two weights, with nothing to extend or foot, so there is no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: The item is written "3 12ʹ Bronze Howitzers"; the mark after "12" is a single small raised tick, not clearly an inch mark, a pounder abbreviation or anything else, and it is rendered above as an apostrophe because that is what the pen made — 12-inch bronze howitzers would be extraordinary and a 12-pounder reading is the obvious proposal, but the page does not say so and it is left as written. The last word of the memorandum line, read here as "Grader," is an unresolved name: G-r-a-d-e-r is what the strokes give, but the terminal letter could be another minim. The two pencil blocks are the hardest matter on the sheet: both are written at a steep slant over the printed rules with a soft pencil, and in the second block the figure between the two rules (a legible "6" with strokes either side) and the lower footing beneath it cannot be made out at any magnification — they are reported as illegible rather than guessed. On the lower slip, the two words written between "J E Logwood" and the printed "Armory Officer," cannot be resolved; the first looks like "Cn" and the second begins with a capital that could be M, St or K. The figure after "Requisition" is crossed by a heavy pen flourish; it reads 350 but the middle digit is compromised. The raised bar after 1508 and after 9990 is left as a bar: in this file such a mark usually stands for a unit or for "00," and here the figures are quantities of metal, so "lbs" is the natural proposal but is not written. The upper sheet's total, $1832.10, is the same figure as the docket panel filmed on image 40, which was approved by W. R. Hunt; the pencil footing $2549.34 in both blocks here is also the figure carried in pencil on that image-40 docket. Whether that docket belongs to this account or to a bundle including it cannot be settled from the film, since the dockets in this file are not reliably filmed beside the accounts they answer. The two items on this frame are of different dates (January 21 and February 14, 1862) and different subjects (finished howitzers; raw tin and copper) and are related only by the firm and the office — the slip is not the voucher for the account above it.
Image 42 — Statement of account, Quinby & Robinson in account with W. R. Hunt, Ordnance Officer, [Memphis], 1861: seven cash payments $17,072.50; materials and boring $14,908.48; together $31,980.98; and a separate column of eight bills footed at $32,222.58. No place or signature on the sheet.
A single leaf of plain white writing paper, taller than wide, laid on a black backing, with very faint horizontal rules showing through and light show-through of writing from the other side; the sheet is clean, with no folds crossing the text and only a small ink blot at the head of the date column, spreading over the "Sept" of the first entry. The whole is in one hand — a fine, fast, well-formed counting-house script in a pale grey-black ink, laid out in three blocks with the money ranged in a column at the right and the two sub-totals carried out further right still. Each of the eight figures in the bottom block has a small check tick beside it in the same ink, the marks of someone casting the column. Across the lower middle of the sheet is a large oval handstamp, struck upside down and very faintly, of which only "WAR D[?]" on the upper arc and a five-pointed star can be made out. Small faint grey "13" marks appear near the right edge — filming marks.
Mess Quinby & Robinson
In Acct with
W R Hunt Ordnance Officer
1861
Sept 18 Cash paid 5000.00
Oct 6 " " 1512.50
" 31 " " 2000.00
" 17 " " 60.00
Nov. 5 " " 3000.00
Dec. 7 " " 2500.00
" 23 " " 3000.00 17072.50
————————
Copper 36538ᵗᵇ[?] @ 26ᶜ 9499 88
Block Tin 2120ᵗᵇ @ $1⁵⁰ 3180.00
Zinc 324ᵗᵇ @ 15ᶜ 48.60
Paid A M Ruston[?] & Co 115.00
" Quinby & Robinson 40.00
Boring 27 Guns @ $75 ea 2025.00 14908.48
———————— —————————
31,980.98
Bills 215.00 ✓
7445.29 ✓
2665.99 ✓
97.00 ✓
25.00 ✓
5991.98 ✓
13262.09 ✓
2519.53 ✓
———————— 32,222.58
Checks: Cash column: 5000.00 + 1512.50 + 2000.00 + 60.00 + 3000.00 + 2500.00 + 3000.00 = 17,072.50 — proves exactly at $17,072.50. Extensions in the second block: copper 36538 × 26¢ = $9,499.88, proving exactly against the written extension; block tin 2120 × $1.50 = $3,180.00, exact; zinc 324 × 15¢ = $48.60, exact (the final cents figure is written over a blot but is a "0"); boring 27 guns × $75 = $2,025.00, exact. The block foots 9499.88 + 3180.00 + 48.60 + 115.00 + 40.00 + 2025.00 = $14,908.48 — proves exactly. The two sub-totals together, 17,072.50 + 14,908.48 = $31,980.98, prove exactly against the written grand total. The bills column does NOT prove: the eight figures as read foot to $32,221.88, against a written footing of $32,222.58 — the sheet is over my addition by 70 cents.
Flagged: The copper quantity is the faintest figure on the sheet; I read five digits of which the third is the doubtful one, giving 36538, and note only that this quantity extends exactly at 26¢ to the 9,499.88 the clerk wrote, while 36658 would not. The payee "A M Ruston & Co" is uncertain: the surname's capital is either "R" or "P" and the medial letters run together — "Ruston", "Poston" and "Rushton" are all consistent with the strokes. In the date column the entries run Sept 18, Oct 6, Oct 31, Oct 17 — the third and fourth are out of chronological order as written, and I have not rearranged them; both figures are clear. The 70-cent divergence in the bills column sits in figures I cannot make perfectly certain: the cents of the last item (read 53, could be 23) and the last two digits of the footing (read 58). I have transcribed both as they appear and left the clerk's arithmetic alone. The sheet bears no place-name, no signature, and no date beyond the year 1861 at the head of the column; "Memphis" is nowhere written on it. The handstamp is struck inverted and is illegible beyond "WAR D[?]".
Docket pairing: There is no docket on or with this sheet, and nothing on it should be paired with a neighbouring frame's docket on the strength of position in the film. It is an account statement in a different hand and of a different date range from the January 1862 receipts at images 12–13.
Image 43 — Voucher wrapper (docket), printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," Memphis, no date filled in; Quinby & Robinson, No. 2; No. Voucher 57 / 841½; $7,445.29. Struck with the postwar Record Division handstamp.
A folded wrapper opened out and photographed flat in landscape, on a black backing: a leaf of pale ruled writing paper, the vertical rules running the height of the sheet, with a strong vertical fold at about two-thirds across. The left two-thirds is entirely blank; all the writing is on the right-hand panel, which was the outside of the folded packet. Printed on that panel are an engraved-script line "No. Voucher" with a dotted rule, the bold display line "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" set between two heavy horizontal rules, and beneath it an engraved "Memphis, ......... 186..." line and a dotted money line. All the manuscript is in a black ink in one hand, written large. Below the printed block, in the same ink, are the firm's name, a series number, and a large pen paraph. Overlying the lower part of the panel is a well-inked oval handstamp about two and a quarter inches wide with a double oval border and a five-pointed star at each side. Faint grey "13" register marks appear twice in the blank field — filming marks, not on the paper.
————————————————————————————
No. Voucher 5 7
841½
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis,.......................186....
$ 7445 ²⁹
————————————————————————————
Quinby & Robinson
No 2
[large pen paraph, unread]
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION,
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[ * ......... * ]
Checks: One figure only, $7,445.29 — no extensions or column on the wrapper, so there is no arithmetic to prove on this sheet. Tested against its neighbour: $7,445.29 is exactly the second item in the "Bills" column of image 42.
Flagged: The voucher number is written on two lines — a large "5 7" on the printed rule and "841½" immediately below and slightly right. Whether this is one reference ("57/841½") or two separate numbers cannot be told from the strokes; I have set the two lines as they stand. The printed date line was never filled in: neither day, month nor year appears, so the wrapper carries no date at all. "Memphis" is printed, not written, and is the only place named. The large flourish beneath "No 2" may be initials but resolves into nothing I can name. Note that the printed "No. Voucher" line is part of the form; the "5 7" written on it is the voucher's own number, not a form number — the caution about form numbers does not apply here.
Docket pairing: This wrapper is NOT the docket of the account statement at image 42, even though it is filmed next to it. Image 42's own totals are $17,072.50, $14,908.48, $31,980.98 and $32,222.58; none is $7,445.29. What $7,445.29 does match, exactly, is the second of the eight bills listed in image 42's bottom column — so this wrapper belongs to one of the individual bills that image 42 merely abstracts, not to image 42 itself. It carries no date to test, and the only place agrees (Memphis). Its own series number, "No 2", is consistent with its being the second of a numbered run of vouchers, which is also the position of $7,445.29 in image 42's list; that is suggestive, but it is a correspondence of amount and position, not proof, and it does not make image 42 the account this wrapper enclosed.
Image 44 — Printed account, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT—MEMPHIS. / CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA," to Quinby & Robinson, Dr., 19 December 1861 to 29 January 1862: Archer shot and shell, copper and zinc caps, Read rifled shot, melting pans, stamps and patterns, spider castings — $7,445.29, receipted of W. R. Hunt at Memphis, February 20, 1862.
A tall single leaf of white account paper printed as a ruled bill form, laid on a black backing and photographed square. The head carries three lines of display type — a small-caps "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.", a typographical ornament rule, and the shaded open-face "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" — with an engraved-script "To" and "Dr." flanking the manuscript name. The body is ruled into a date column (month and day, divided), a wide description column and two money columns, with a further column at the right for the carried total; the horizontal rules are faint and the vertical rules strong. Everything written is in one small, rapid, level hand in a thin black ink; the writing is light and in places grey, and the paper shows a good deal of offset and show-through, so that faint reversed strokes from the other side stand in the left margin beside several lines and can be mistaken for annotations. There are no folds across the text. The foot carries three printed lines: a certificate clause, a "Received, Memphis" receipt line, and the note "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)". The certificate line was never filled in and the signature line under the receipt is blank. Faint grey "13" register marks appear twice — filming marks.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
——◆——
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
1861
Dec 19 | Ammount Brot Forward | 5950 17 |
" " | Shot Iron Rings & Pins 625ᵗᵇ 16 | 100 00 |
" " | Putting up 213 Stands Grape 10 | 21 30 |
1862 5 | " " 207 " " " | 20 70 |
Jany 29 | 55 Con[?] Archer Shot 4400ᵗᵇ 5½ | 242 00 |
" " | 1 " " Shell 80ᵗᵇ " | 4 40 |
" " | Copper Caps for Same 467ᵗᵇ 60 | 280 20 |
" " | " " " 1 Shell 8½ " | 5 10 |
" " | 4 Melting Pans 1090 6½ | 70 85 |
" " | 6 Sett Ends Stamps &c 1350 6 | 81 00 |
" " | Patterns for Same | 15 00 |
" " | 41 Small Archer Shot 3280ᵗᵇ 5½ | 180 40 |
" " | 17 3[?] Read " 1360ᵗᵇ " | 74 80 |
" " | 29. 4 2[?] Read Rifled Shot 1215ᵗᵇ 5½ | 67 19 |
" " | Putting Copper on Same | |
" " | ᵈᵒ On Large Archer 496ᵗᵇ 60 | 297 60 |
" " | 4 2ᵈ[?] Zinc Caps 107ᵗᵇ 30 | 32 10 |
" " | 26 Spider Castings 31ᵗᵇ 8 | 2 48 | 7,445 29
———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
[not filled in]
Received, Memphis, Feby 20 , 186 2 , of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Seventy four hundred forty five ²⁹⁄₁₀₀ Dollars,
in full of the above account.
[signature line blank]
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Checks: Every extension proves except one. 625 × 16¢ = $100.00; 213 × 10¢ = $21.30; 207 × 10¢ = $20.70; 4400 × 5½¢ = $242.00; 80 × 5½¢ = $4.40; 467 × 60¢ = $280.20; 8½ × 60¢ = $5.10 (this last is what fixes the rate on the two "Copper Caps" lines at 60¢, since the second carries a ditto for the rate); 1090 × 6½¢ = $70.85; 1350 × 6¢ = $81.00; 3280 × 5½¢ = $180.40; 1360 × 5½¢ = $74.80; 496 × 60¢ = $297.60; 107 × 30¢ = $32.10; 31 × 8¢ = $2.48. The exception is the Read rifled shot: 1215 × 5½¢ = $66.83, against the $67.19 the clerk entered — a divergence of 36 cents in the clerk's own extension. The column nevertheless foots exactly: 5950.17 + 100.00 + 21.30 + 20.70 + 242.00 + 4.40 + 280.20 + 5.10 + 70.85 + 81.00 + 15.00 + 180.40 + 74.80 + 67.19 + 297.60 + 32.10 + 2.48 = $7,445.29, exactly the total carried out at the foot and exactly the sum written out in words in the receipt ("Seventy four hundred forty five 29/100"). So the account proves at $7,445.29 with the clerk's own (erroneous) extension in place; correcting his extension would break the footing. His arithmetic is left as he made it.
Flagged: The date column is irregular. "1861" heads the first three lines; the fourth line carries "1862" where the month belongs and "5" in the day column, with no month written, and the fifth line is the first to name "Jany" (29). Read literally the year changes before the month is named and the 5th precedes the 29th of the same month; I have set the column exactly as it stands and offer no rearrangement. On the first Archer line the word between "55" and "Archer" reads as three or four letters beginning "Con" and I cannot resolve it — do not expand it. On the "Copper Caps" line a faint stroke stands before the "467"; if it is a digit the quantity is 4,467, which at any rate on the sheet will not extend to the written $280.20, whereas 467 at 60¢ does so exactly, and the ditto line below (8½ at the same rate = $5.10) fixes that rate at 60¢. The calibre notes on the two Read lines are the least legible matter on the sheet: the first reads as "3" followed by two or three small letters with a stroke through them, the second as "4" and "2" with a raised mark. I will not guess them; they should be read from the original. "Read" itself is clear on both lines and is a proper name, not the verb. "2ᵈ" before "Zinc Caps" is doubtful. The receipt day reads "20" but the second figure is a narrow loop that could be a "1". The account is unsigned by the firm: the certificate clause is blank and the signature line under "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)" is empty — the only name on the sheet besides the firm's is W. R. Hunt's, and that is written into the printed "of ______" of the receipt, not signed. The faint marks in the left margin beside several lines are, so far as I can judge, offset and show-through from writing on the other side of the leaf rather than annotations; one of them may read "No[t] 6", but I would not print it.
Docket pairing: This is the account the wrapper at image 43 belongs to. The wrapper's figure, $7,445.29, is the total of this sheet to the cent; both name Memphis; both name Quinby & Robinson. The wrapper's "No 2" is not contradicted by anything here. The wrapper carries no date, so no date test is possible, but nothing on it conflicts with 20 February 1862. This is the one clean docket-to-account pairing in the seven images, and it is a pairing of image 43 with image 44 — not with image 42, which merely lists $7,445.29 among eight bills.
Image 45 — Voucher wrapper (docket), printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," with a printed COLUMBUS dateline; Quinby & R., No. Voucher 841½. No date and no amount entered. Record Division handstamp struck inverted.
A single leaf of plain white unruled paper opened out and photographed flat on a black backing, folded once down the middle; the right-hand edge of the sheet is torn in a long ragged line and the paper is lightly toned and speckled. All the writing and printing sit on the left-hand panel, in the upper third: a manuscript name written large across a ruled-off head, then a printed engraved-script "No. Voucher" line with a dotted rule, then the display line "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," in shaded open-face capitals, then a printed engraved "Columbus" dateline with a dotted rule ending in a printed "186", then a printed "$" with a dotted money rule, the whole closed by a heavy double rule. The manuscript is in a black ink in a large, confident hand, quite unlike the counting-house hands of the accounts. Across the right-hand panel is a strong oval handstamp of the postwar Record Division, struck upside down relative to the docket, with a five-pointed star; a second, very much fainter impression of the same stamp, also inverted, ghosts across the left panel below the printed block — visible as an outline with only "REC…" and "WAR DE…" showing. Three faint grey "13" register marks appear in the blank field, and a few small specks near the lower right — filming marks and paper flecks, not writing.
Quinby & R.
————————————————————————————————
No. Voucher 841½ .
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT,
Columbus——————————————————— 186
$ ...........................
════════════════════════════════════════
[oval handstamp, struck inverted:]
RECORD DIVISION,
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT
[ ..... * ]
[second, very faint inverted impression of the
same stamp across the left panel]
Checks: No figures at all beyond the voucher number — the "$" line was never filled in. No arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: The dateline is printed "Columbus", not Memphis, and was left blank — no day, no month, and only the printed "186" of the year. Columbus is the only place named anywhere on this sheet, and it is printed on the form rather than written, so it records where the form was issued or used, not necessarily where this voucher was made up; nothing on the sheet says. The name is abbreviated to "Quinby & R." The voucher number, 841½, is written clearly and includes the half. Note that this "841½" is the same number that stands as the second line of the voucher notation on image 43 ("5 7" above, "841½" below) — the two wrappers carry a number in common, which suggests the 841½ is a series or abstract number applied to more than one voucher rather than a unique voucher number; I offer that as an observation on the two sheets, not a conclusion. Both oval handstamps are struck upside down with respect to the writing, one strongly and one so faintly that it is legible only in outline; the faint one is consistent with show-through or offset rather than a separate strike.
Docket pairing: This wrapper cannot be paired with any of the six other images in this range on internal evidence. It gives no amount to test, no date to test, and a printed place — Columbus — that appears on none of the accounts here (images 42 and 44 are Memphis; the 1862 receipts at images 12–13 are Memphis). It sits in the film beside image 44, whose account is Memphis and $7,445.29 and whose own wrapper is image 43. Do not attach this sheet to image 44 or image 46 on the strength of its position; on the evidence of the paper itself it belongs to a voucher not present in this range.
Image 46 — Two items filmed in one frame: (a) an unpriced memorandum account on the printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT - COLUMBUS. / CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" form, to Quinby & Robinson, Dr., entries of January 11 and 10 for 24-pdr and 32-pdr shell, 12-pdr spherical-case shot and a 6-pdr gun, braced and noted "Original on file 841½ 4th qr 61"; (b) a Quartermaster's "FORM No. 1" voucher wrapper endorsed Quinby & Robinson, Battery of Artillery & ammunition, $114,393, paid 12 July 1862, No. 2.
Two photographs on one page, both on a black backing. The upper item is a single leaf of ruled bill paper of the same printed family as image 44 but with a Columbus dateline: small-caps "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT - COLUMBUS.", a typographic ornament, and the shaded open-face "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA", with engraved "To" and "Dr." flanking the manuscript firm name. The body is ruled with faint horizontal lines the whole depth of the sheet and with vertical rules for month, day, quantity, description and three money columns; only four lines are written on, at the head. The hand is large, black and free, quite different from the fine hand of image 44. The whole lower edge of the sheet is torn away in a long ragged tear that runs through the last printed line; the paper is otherwise clean, with light foxing. Nothing is entered in any money column, and the printed certificate and receipt at the foot are entirely blank. A brace in the same ink gathers the first three lines and carries a note into the right-hand money columns. The lower item is a wrapper of white wove paper, folded into three panels and opened flat, printed at the head of the middle panel with "FORM No. 1.", an ornament, a dotted "VOUCHER No." line and, at the right above a heavy rule, "Quartermaster." — a quartermaster's form used here for an ordnance voucher. The manuscript endorsement is in a large, sloping, heavily-inked hand. Across the lower part of the panel is a faint upright oval handstamp of the Record Division, of which only "…ORD D…" on the upper arc and "WAR DEPARTMENT" on the lower arc can be read, with a star at the right. Small grey "13" register marks appear in three places and a white "J" shows in the black surround at the right of the upper item — both are filming marks.
[a — memorandum account]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT - COLUMBUS.
——◆——
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson ................ Dr.
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
Jany | 11 | ✓ 30 | 24 pdr Shell . ⎫
| | ✓ 1 | 32 " " ⎬ Original on file 841½ 4ᵗʰ qr
| | ✓ 21.| 12 " S. C. Shot. ⎭ 61
| 10 | ✓ 1 | 6 pdr Gun .——
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
[remainder of the ruled body blank]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to..............
[not filled in]
Received, Columbus,........................186 of.........................
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A.,.............................................Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(Signed Duplicates.) [nothing filled in]
[lower edge of the sheet torn away]
[b — voucher wrapper]
FORM No. 1.
——◆——
VOUCHER No.................................
Quartermaster.
———————————————————————————————————————————
Quinby & Robinson
Battery of Artillery
& ammunition
$114,393. —
Pᵈ 12ᵗʰ July 1862
Nᵒ 2
[faint oval handstamp, upright:]
[REC]ORD D[IVISION,]
[REBEL ARCHIVES]
WAR DEPARTMENT
[ ..... * ]
Checks: Item (a) carries no money at all — every money column is empty, the certificate is unfilled and the receipt unfilled — so there is nothing to extend and nothing to foot. Item (b) carries a single figure, $114,393, with no components, so there is no arithmetic to prove there either. The two items in the frame cannot be checked against one another: (a) has no total to compare with (b)'s figure.
Flagged: The amount on the wrapper is the most consequential doubtful reading in this range. I read it as "$114,393. —" — the "$", then three figures before the comma of which the third is a clear crossed "4", then "393", then a period and a dash. If the third figure is not a "4" the number would be $11,393, which for one battery of artillery and its ammunition is the more ordinary sum; but as the strokes stand there are three figures before the comma. Verify this figure on the original before printing it. On the memorandum account (a) the day column runs 11 then, three lines later, 10 — out of order as written, and no year is entered anywhere on the sheet; the only year is the "61" written above "qr" in the marginal note, which would put the entries in the fourth quarter of 1861 while the month written is January. I have set both down as they stand and reconciled nothing. The quantity on the third line is written "21." with a stop, which is unusual in a quantity column. "6 pdr Gun" on the fourth line is a reading I am confident of only after comparison with the "24 pdr" and "12 pdr" above it; taken alone the first character could be read as a capital "C". "S. C." is written with clear stops and is not expanded here. The place on item (a) is printed — Columbus — and the dateline of the receipt likewise; no place is written anywhere by hand. Note that "FORM No. 1." at the head of item (b) is the form's own number and NOT the voucher number: the printed "VOUCHER No." line beneath it was left blank. The "Nᵒ 2" lower down is a separate series number in the endorser's hand.
Docket pairing: Item (b) is not the docket of item (a), despite being filmed with it. Item (a) has no total, so the $114,393 of (b) answers nothing on it; (a) is a January memorandum of four deliveries with a note pointing to an original filed under the fourth quarter of 1861, while (b) is endorsed as paid 12 July 1862 for a battery of artillery and ammunition — a different transaction of a different character six months later. Nor does (b) belong to image 44 ($7,445.29, February 1862, Memphis) or to image 42. Its "Nᵒ 2" is the same series number that appears on the wrapper at image 43, and image 43's wrapper does belong to image 44 — which is a caution, not a link: "No 2" recurs across wrappers in this file and is worthless as an identifier on its own. Item (a) is, however, the only sheet in this range that shares a number with the Columbus wrapper at image 45: "841½" is written on (a) as the number of the original on file, and 841½ is the voucher number on image 45. That is the strongest cross-reference in the range after 43/44, and it associates image 45's wrapper with the original that image 46 (a) is a memorandum of — not with image 46 (a) itself, which is expressly a copy.
Image 47 — Bill of purchase, Quartermaster's Department, Memphis, 10 February 1862: two field batteries complete, grape, shot and cartage; $14,393.00
A single large printed form, filled and signed in one confident brown-black ink throughout the body and the receipt, with a second, heavier ink used by the certifying officer. The printed matter is a full Confederate Quartermaster's form: "FORM No. 1." at the head over a small ornamental rule, "Bill of Purchase in Quartermaster's Department." beneath a second rule, and then "Confederate States of America:" set in a shaded, outlined display face — no Tennessee heading and no hand amendment, so this is a purpose-printed Confederate blank rather than an altered United States one. The sheet is ruled into a money table with printed column heads "Date of Purchase.", "FOR", "Dollars." and "Cents."; only the top seven lines are used and the remaining two-thirds of the table is blank. Three horizontal fold creases cross the sheet — one just below the first entry line, one across the empty middle of the table, and one through the receipt block — and each shows as a pale band where the emulsion has flattened. A short vertical crease runs down the money column. Six small dark punch or binding dots march down the left margin at regular intervals, and one more sits in the left margin near the certificate. The right edge of the sheet runs off the filmed frame, and the written-out amount in the receipt is clipped mid-word at that edge. At the foot the paper lifts and curls, so the last two lines of writing bow upward and the bottom right corner falls away into the black of the film. There is a small round ink blot in the "FOR" column beside the grape-shot entry. The cents column is entirely empty — every figure is a round dollar amount. No handstamp of any kind appears on the sheet.
FORM No. 1.
Bill of Purchase in Quartermaster's Department.
Confederate States of America:
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1862
Date of Purchase. | FOR | Dollars. | Cents.
-------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------+-------
Feby 10th | 2 - 12 Pd Bronze Cannon with 2 Carriages | |
| 2 Caissons & 1 Battery Waggon. $3.292 50 | 6.585 | ✓
| 2 - 24 Pd Bronze Howitzers with 2 Carriages | |
| 2 Caissons & 1 Forge $3.292 50 | 6.585 | ✓
| 150 Stands 24 r[?] Grape Complete 4 50 | 675 | ✓
| 100 " 12 r[?] " " 3 50 | 350 | ✓
| 200 - 12 Pd Shot 2400 lb 7 | 168 | ✓
| Cartage | 30 | ✓
| ------------------------
| $ 14.393 ✓
I certify, on honor, that the above account is correct and just; that the articles therein specified were needed
for the public service; and that I [have — struck out] hereby approve [paid the amount in full — struck out] same
Thos H Price Ch[ie]f Q, M, M & O R[?] [printed "Quartermaster." struck through]
Received, At Memphis , the 12 th day of February,
186 2, of W A Broadwell Quartermaster
Army of the Confederate States of America Fourteen thousand three hundred & ninet[y]
dollars and ..................................cents, in full of the above account.
$14.393 00) (Signed Duplicates.)
Quinby & Robinson
NOTE.—The Quartermaster can fill Triplicates at his discretion, and deliver one to the party from whom the purchase is made when
the articles are left unpaid for.
Fourteen thousand three hundred & ninety three
Dollars
Checks: The sheet proves exactly. 2 × $3,292.50 = $6,585.00 for the 12-pounder half-battery, and 2 × $3,292.50 = $6,585.00 again for the 24-pounder howitzer half-battery. 150 stands of grape at $4.50 = $675.00. 100 stands at $3.50 = $350.00. 2,400 lb of 12-pounder shot at 7 cents = $168.00. Cartage $30.00 is a lump sum with no rate. The six extensions add 6,585 + 6,585 + 675 + 350 + 168 + 30 = $14,393.00, exactly the footing "$14.393" in the money column. The receipt figure "$14.393 00" at the lower left and the words written across the foot of the sheet, "Fourteen thousand three hundred & ninety three Dollars," agree with the footing to the cent. Every extension carries the auditor's tick and so does the footing.
Flagged: The certifying officer's title is the hardest reading on the sheet. The name is clearly "Thos H Price," but what follows — "Ch[ie]f Q, M," and then two letters joined by an ampersand and a large ornate capital written across the struck-out printed word "Quartermaster." — will not resolve. "M & O R" is what the strokes support, and the final capital may be a second R that the flourish has swallowed; I have not asserted it. The purchaser named in the receipt, "W A Broadwell," is legible and unambiguous. Two superscript abbreviation marks after the calibres in the grape entries ("24" and "12") are small curls that read most naturally as a superscript r, but a superscript d cannot be excluded, so both are marked. The written-out amount in the receipt line runs off the right edge of the filmed frame and breaks after "ninet-"; the clerk's own repetition at the foot of the sheet supplies "ninety three," so the sum itself is not in doubt, only the last inch of that one line. The firm's name is written with the standard minim ambiguity: I count five minims between "Qu" and "b," which gives "Quinby," and the i-dot sits over the third stroke, consistent with Quinby; but "Quimby" — the spelling other clerks in this file use — cannot be ruled out on the strokes alone, and I have not normalised either way. The struck-out words in the certificate are struck with a single ruled line and remain fully legible, so they are given here in full rather than suppressed. There is no voucher number anywhere on this sheet and no docket filmed with it; "FORM No. 1." is the printer's form number, not a voucher number. Note also that this is a Quartermaster's Department purchase, not an Ordnance Office bill — it names no ordnance officer, and the goods are finished field batteries rather than the patterns, mandrels and drawings the firm bills for elsewhere in this file.
Image 48 — Post-war archival cross-reference slip, "Quimby & Robinson," citing Chapter 2, volume 22, page 266; undated, no place
A tall, narrow slip of pale ruled paper — faint machine ruling runs across it at regular intervals — filmed against black, with a good margin of blackness at the left and right and the film's own edge visible top and bottom. The sheet is clean, unfolded and undamaged; there is no printing on it of any kind. Only three things are on the paper. At the top, in a broad, wet, confident modern-looking hand with a stub nib, the firm's name; below it, in the same hand and ink, a citation. In the middle of the sheet sits the double-oval "RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT." handstamp with a five-pointed star at each side, struck in a grey, lightly inked impression that is legible throughout but weak at the lower left where "WAR DEPARTMENT." has partly skipped. Near the foot, well below the stamp, is a small looped monogram in a finer hand. Two faint square registration marks appear in the field — one in the left margin at about a third of the sheet's height, one near the centre below the stamp — and are artefacts of the filming rather than marks on the document. Nothing on this slip is a Confederate record: the hand, the ink, the ruled paper and the Rebel Archives apparatus all belong to the post-war War Department arrangement of the captured records.
Quimby & Robinson
Chap. 2 - 22 - 266.
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES. ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[looped monogram]
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The three numbers present are an archival citation, not money.
Flagged: The firm is spelled "Quimby" here, with a clear undotted m — six minims between "Qu" and "b," and the i-dot standing over the third — where the bill on image 47 gives five minims and reads "Quinby." Both spellings are left as written. The citation "Chap. 2 - 22 - 266." is a Rebel Archives volume reference in the form used throughout this collection (chapter, volume, page); the dashes are the writer's, not editorial, and the terminal period is his. The monogram at the foot resolves into two joined letters — a tall narrow loop struck through a large open bowl, finished with a long horizontal tail — and I can make no confident reading of it; it appears to be the same clerk's mark that closes the docket on image 40. This slip carries no date, no place, no amount and no voucher number, and it does not answer any account: it is a finding aid pointing at a volume elsewhere in the captured records, filmed here because it was filed with the firm's papers. Do not read it as belonging to the sheet before or after it in the roll.
Image 49 — Voucher docket (outside of a folded account), Ordnance Department, Memphis, undated: Quinby & Robinson, approved by W. R. Hunt for $5,991.98, afterwards annotated "Error"
The frame shows a large sheet folded in three and filmed flat on its outside, so that most of the image is the blank back of the account and only the middle panel carries writing. The paper is a pale blue-grey laid or wove stock with faint horizontal ruling that catches the light across the whole sheet; the two vertical fold lines run the full height and are visible as dark creases, the right one heavily rubbed and darkened along its length where the folded packet was handled. Scattered small foxing spots and a grey smear of offset ink lie above the printed heading. The docket panel is printed with a heavy rule above and below, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold condensed capitals between them, a script-italic line "Memphis, ......................... 186...." beneath the heading, and above the heading a fine script line "No. Voucher ....". The printed date line was never filled in — the sheet carries no date at all. Everything written on the panel is in a hard, very pale grey-brown ink or a hard pencil that has bitten the paper more than it has inked it: the money figure and the approval read only under raking light on the film and several strokes have dropped out entirely. There are three distinct hands: the clerk who entered the voucher number and money figure, W. R. Hunt who signed the approval, and a later hand that wrote the single word "Error" across the lower panel with a long looped underline and added initials beneath it. A small pen "X" sits between Hunt's title and the word "Error." On the rightmost panel, tilted and crossing onto the fold, is the double-oval "RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT." handstamp with a star at each end, struck very lightly — the outer legend reads clearly, the inner "REBEL ARCHIVES" only in part. There is no matching account filmed with this docket.
No. Voucher 57[?]
11 8 41 1/2 [?]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis,.........................186....
$ 5.991 98
Quinby[?] & Robinson
Approved for Fifty
Nine hundred & Ninety
One 98/100 Dolls.
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg [illegible] Arsenal
✗
Error
________________
[looped initials]
[oval handstamp, tilted:] RECORD DIVISION,
★ REBEL ARCHIVES. ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: Only one sum appears on the sheet, and it proves against itself. The figure "$5.991 98" and the words "Fifty Nine hundred & Ninety One 98/100 Dolls." both give $5,991.98 — the clerk's period usage, "fifty nine hundred," for five thousand nine hundred. There is no itemised account filmed with this docket, so there is nothing to add up and nothing to check the approval against; the amount is internally consistent and that is all that can be proved here.
Flagged: The word "Error" written across the lower half of the panel, in a later and heavier hand than Hunt's, is the most consequential thing on the sheet and it is unexplained: nothing on the docket says what was wrong, who found it, or whether the $5,991.98 was afterwards paid, reduced or refused. The initials beneath it are two joined looped letters that I cannot read with confidence. Read together with the voucher number, this docket should not be assumed to answer the account filmed next to it in the roll — this file's dockets are not reliably filmed beside their own accounts, and this one carries no date, no itemisation and no total to match against a neighbour. The voucher number after the printed "No. Voucher" is faint and partly lost in a grey ink smear; "57" is the best reading of two glyphs but I would not print it without checking the film again. The pencil-thin line immediately below the voucher number — four or five separated figures ending in a half, which I read as "11 8 41 1/2" — will not resolve; the strokes are broken and I can neither group the digits nor tell whether it is money, a page citation of the kind used elsewhere in this collection, or a tally. The printed "Memphis, ... 186..." date line is blank, so the sheet is undated; Memphis is printed, not written, and is evidence of where the form was printed and used, not of where this docket was signed. The word after "Majr Comdg" in Hunt's title is a single practised flourish carrying a superscript and I make no reading of it, as on image 40. The firm's name here shows the same minim ambiguity as elsewhere in the file: I count four or five strokes between "Qu" and "b," favouring "Quinby," but "Quimby" — the spelling used on the archival slip at image 48 — cannot be excluded, so the reading is marked. Note finally that "No. Voucher" here is a genuine printed field for the voucher number and is filled in, unlike the printed form numbers elsewhere in this file.
Image 50 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis: account of Quinby & Robinson, 30 October and 18 November 1861; twenty-one item lines, unfooted and unsigned
A tall printed billhead filmed against black with the sheet's left edge just inside the frame and its right edge cropped so that the outermost money rule and the auditor's tick marks sit at the very margin of the image. The printing is a two-line head: "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." in spaced roman capitals, a small typographic ornament of dashes and lozenges beneath it, and then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in a large shaded, outlined display face. This is a purpose-printed Confederate blank — there is no Tennessee heading and no hand amendment anywhere on it. The body is written in a single fine, sloping, pale brown-black hand throughout, evidently a steel pen kept sharp; the ink has faded unevenly and the lightest passages (the verb at the head of several entries, the word before "Patterns") sit close to the limit of what the film will carry. The money table is ruled with five vertical rules toward the right, giving a rate column, two narrow intermediate columns and the dollars-and-cents pair. Every extension carries a small pen tick in the right margin and most also carry a check mark at the left of the figure. A horizontal tear or emulsion break crosses the sheet at the third entry line, printing as a solid black band about a quarter-inch deep that runs from the description column right across the rate and money columns and destroys that line's figures entirely. Faint horizontal fold bands cross the sheet at intervals, and three small round punch or binder dots sit in the upper left margin. In the lower third, a large oval handstamp shows through from the reverse — its lettering reads backwards on this side and only the words WAR DEPARTMENT and the outer double oval can be made out — together with a scatter of show-through pencil figures in the receipt area. The printed certificate ("I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ...") and the printed receipt block ("Received, Memphis ... 186_ , of ... Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. ... Dollars, in full of the above account. (SIGNED DUPLICATES.)") are entirely blank: no name, no date, no sum, no signature. The money table is likewise never footed.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
--- • --- • ---
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
60
Octobr 30 Coveing 198 Archer Shot with Cap[s] 1782. | | | ✓ 1069 20 ✓
" " 2 Read Shell with Copper Caps 9 00 | | | ✓ 18 00 ✓
" " 6 Parrot Shot 33" [torn — rate and extension lost]
" " Coveing 2 James 52" Shot with white Me[?] | | | 35 00 ✓
" " Altering Patterns | | | 20 00 ✓
" " 19 Drayages | | | 4 75 ✓
" " Patterns for Colemans & Cowans B[alls] | | | 25 00 ✓
" " 54 9 Pdr James Rifled Shot Turned 2 00 | | | ✓ 108 00 ✓
" " 14. 32. " " " " " 4 50 | | | ✓ 63 00 ✓
" " 12 Parrot Shell filled up 2 50 | | | ✓ 30 00 ✓
" " 6 Cowans Balls 354" 6 | | | ✓ 21 24 ✓
" " Boreing Out 1 Old Cannon | | | 60 00 ✓
" " 1 Colemans Balls 63" 6 | | | ✓ 3 75 ✓
" " #113 Drayages | | | 75 00 ✓
" " 10 3/4" Block Tin 1 40 |1505| | + 14 30 ✓
" " 236" Lead 10 | | | ✓ 23 60 ✓
" " 82 1/4" Brass Castings 75 | | | ✓ 61 65 ✓
" " Patterns for Boreing Mill & Rifling | | | 143 50 ✓
" " 301" Short Iron 10 | | | ✓ 30 10 ✓
Novbr 18 Coveing 200 Archer with Cap[s] 1800" 60 | | | · 1080 00 ✓
" " 5. 32" Read Shell 445[?]" 6 | | | ✓ 32 82 ✓
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to .................
....................................................................................
Received, Memphis ...................................., 186_ , of ..................
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. ................................................ Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
[certificate and receipt wholly blank — no name, date, sum or signature]
Checks: There is no footing on the sheet, so nothing can be proved against a total; the extensions must be tested one at a time. Fifteen of them prove exactly. 1,782 lb at 60 cents = $1,069.20. 2 Read shell at $9.00 = $18.00. 54 James rifled shot at $2.00 = $108.00. 14 at $4.50 = $63.00. 12 Parrott shell at $2.50 = $30.00. 354 lb at 6 cents = $21.24. 236 lb at 10 cents = $23.60. 301 lb at 10 cents = $30.10. 1,800 lb at 60 cents = $1,080.00. Six lines carry no rate at all and so cannot be tested: the white-metal covering ($35.00), altering patterns ($20.00), the Colemans and Cowans ball patterns ($25.00), boring out one old cannon ($60.00), the boring-mill and rifling patterns ($143.50), and the second drayage line ($75.00). Four lines do not prove. 63 lb of Colemans balls at 6 cents is $3.78, but the clerk entered $3.75 — three cents short. 82¼ lb of brass castings at 75 cents is $61.6875, and the clerk entered $61.65 — a little under four cents short. On the block-tin line 10¾ lb at $1.40 is $15.05 exactly, which is the figure standing in the narrow intermediate column, but the money column carries $14.30 — 75 cents less — and it is $14.30, not $15.05, that has the tick and the plus mark; the sheet therefore records a reduction it does not explain. On the last line the weight as written reads 445 lb, which at 6 cents gives $26.70, not the $32.82 entered; $32.82 at 6 cents requires 547 lb. The two drayage lines are also inconsistent with each other: 19 drayages at $4.75 works out to 25 cents apiece, but the second line's 113 drayages at that rate would be $28.25, not the $75.00 entered. Adding the twenty extensions that survive (the torn line excepted, and taking $14.30 for the block tin) gives $2,918.91; taking $15.05 instead gives $2,919.66. Neither figure appears anywhere on the sheet.
Flagged: The verb that opens four entries is the hardest reading here. Written small and faintly, it shows a C, an o, then four stroke-units and a g — which supports "Coveing" rather than "Covering," and I have transcribed the strokes as they stand. The clerk elsewhere writes "Boreing" for boring, so an intrusive e is in character; the sense of the entries (198 Archer shot with caps, 1,782 lb; 200 Archer with caps, 1,800 lb; two James shot with white metal) is plainly the covering or coating of projectiles, and a reader may take "Covering" as the intended word, but the r is not on the paper. The third entry — "6 Parrot Shot 33"" — has lost its rate and its extension entirely to the tear; nothing of those figures survives to be read or reconstructed, and that line is therefore missing from any total. The weight on the last line reads 445 to my eye but will not resolve at the resolution of this scan, and the extension implies 547; I have marked it doubtful rather than adjust the clerk. The mark opening the second drayage line looks like a crosshatch, giving "#113," but it may be a capital H or a figure 4 run into the following digits; whichever it is, the amount does not follow the rate the sheet itself establishes eight lines earlier. "Read Shell" and "Read" are written plainly and are Dr. J. B. Read's projectiles; "Archer" and "James" likewise name projectile patterns, and "Cowans" and "Colemans" name the balls whose patterns are billed three lines apart — but the possessive apostrophes are the clerk's own omission and I have not supplied them. The abbreviation after "with white" is two letters only and I read them as "Me," presumably metal; it is marked doubtful. No officer is named anywhere on this sheet: the certificate and the receipt are both blank, so neither W. R. Hunt nor any other ordnance officer appears, and the account is unsigned by the firm as well. There is no voucher number. The large oval stamp in the lower third is show-through from the reverse and cannot be read from this side beyond the words WAR DEPARTMENT; it is almost certainly the post-war Record Division / Rebel Archives handstamp familiar elsewhere in this file, but that is a proposal, not a reading. The pencil figures scattered across the receipt block are likewise show-through and are not transcribed. No docket is filmed with this sheet.
Image 51 — Blank printed Ordnance Department docket, Memphis, undated: no voucher number, no name, no sum
A wide sheet filmed on its side — the docket panel of a folded account, so the printing runs across what was the outer face of the fold. The paper is blue-grey and faintly machine-ruled in fine vertical lines that show throughout; a heavy vertical fold crease runs down the sheet a little left of the printed block and a second, softer crease runs down near the right edge, and both print as pale bands with a dark line at the centre. The printed matter occupies only the right-hand third of the sheet: a heavy horizontal rule, above it a blank line for a name; then, in a light script face, "No. Voucher" followed by a dotted lead; then "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold condensed roman capitals; then "Memphis" with a dotted lead and "186" with a short lead for the year; then a dollar sign with a long dotted lead; and finally a second heavy horizontal rule closing the block. Every one of those fields is empty. The whole left two-thirds of the sheet is blank paper. Three marks of manuscript appear. On the name line above the top rule, in very light pencil sitting almost on the rule itself, are two characters that read as a capital N with a superior o and the figure 2. In the centre of the sheet, in a larger and slightly darker pencil, is a second short notation of the same form. At the lower right, running off the edge of the sheet and half into the black of the film, is the double-oval handstamp "RECORD DIVISION. / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT." with a five-pointed star at each side, struck in a very pale grey that is legible only in the outer ring. A small square registration mark from the filming sits at the extreme lower right corner outside the paper.
N[o] 2[?] [pencil, on the name line]
---------------------------------------------
No. Voucher .......... ....
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis ............................ 186....
$ ...........................
---------------------------------------------
No 1[?] [pencil, centre of sheet]
[double-oval handstamp:]
★ RECORD DIVISION. ★
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The dollar line, the date line and the voucher line are all blank.
Flagged: This is a docket, and the file's habit of filming dockets away from the accounts they answer makes the pairing question unavoidable — but here it cannot be tested at all, because the docket carries no figure, no date, no payee and no voucher number. Nothing on it can be matched or mismatched against the Ordnance Department account at image 50 that precedes it. What can be said is negative and worth saying plainly: it is a Memphis Ordnance Department docket of the same office as image 50, it is blank in exactly the way image 50's certificate and receipt are blank, and it bears the same post-war Rebel Archives stamp that shows through the back of image 50 — but none of that is proof that the two sheets belong together, and I have not assumed they do. The two pencil notations are the only manuscript on the paper. The upper one, sitting on the printed rule, reads "N" with a superior "o" and then a figure I take for 2, but it is so light that the second character could as easily be a badly formed 3 or a struck-through 1; I have marked it doubtful. The centre notation is clearer and reads "No" followed by a single upright stroke, which I take for 1, though a 4 with an unclosed head cannot be excluded. Neither is in the hand that wrote the account at image 50, and neither is necessarily contemporary — pencil numbering of this kind in this file is often the work of the post-war archivists rather than the ordnance clerk. The printed "No. Voucher" is a form field, not a voucher number, and the sheet supplies no number to fill it.
Image 52 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis: continuation sheet of the Quinby & Robinson account, 18 November to 19 December 1861, carrying forward $2,907.63 and footing at $5,588.87
The same purpose-printed Confederate billhead as image 50 — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." in spaced roman capitals, a dash-and-lozenge ornament, and "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in a large shaded display face — filmed portrait with the left edge inside the frame and the right edge trimmed close, so that the auditor's outermost tick marks and one pencil annotation run to the very margin. The body is in the same fine sloping hand and the same faded brown-black ink as image 50, and the paper carries the same faint horizontal fold bands. The sheet is in better condition than image 50: no tear crosses it, and every line of writing is readable, though the ink is thin in the middle of the table and one or two rates sit at the limit of legibility. A second hand is present and important — a soft pencil, blunter and rounder, which has worked over the account. It writes "2908 89" beside the clerk's brought-forward figure and a small note beneath it; it writes "366 85" beside the clerk's Archer-shot extension with a note in the margin; and it writes a corrected total in the money column beneath the clerk's footing, preceded by a word too faint to read. Three small punch or binder dots run down the left margin, and one sits beside the submarine-brass line. In the receipt area at the foot, show-through from the reverse prints a reversed pencil figure that reads backwards as five-five, eight-eight, eight-three. As on image 50, the printed certificate and the printed receipt block are entirely blank — unsigned, undated, no officer named, no sum written in — and the sheet ends "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)".
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
--- • --- • ---
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Novbr 18 Amount Brot Forward $2907 63 | 2908 89 [pencil]
| Error 1 26 [pencil]
" " Boreing Out 24. 32" Shell 6 00 ✓
" " 107 Drayage 26 75 ✓
" " 26" Short Iron 12 3 12 ✓
" " 12" Brass Castings 75 9 00 ✓
" " 518" Castings 6 31 08 ✓
" " 2 Drayages 50 ✓
Decbr 5 92. 24" Archer Shot 6670 5½ ✓ 366 80 + 366 85 [pencil]
| Error .05 - 2 [pencil]
" " Coveing 244[?] Archer Shot. Copper 2150. 60 ✓ 1290 00 ✓
" " 45 Read Shot 1911" 5½ ✓ 105 10 ✓
" " 7 " Shell 294" " ✓ 16 17 ✓
" " 49 Copper Cups for Read Shot & Shell 171. lb 60 102 60 ✓
" " 3 Shot Iron Cups 1 ✓ 3 00 ✓
" " 246" Sub marine Brass 80 196 80 ✓
" " 53" Brass at Armory 75 39 75 ✓
" " 2085" Castings 6 125 10 ✓
" " 46" Short Iron 12 5 52 ✓
" " 28 Drayages 7 00 ✓
" 19 12 . 32 Read Shot 4704" 5½ 258 72 ✓
" " 23. 3 in " " 161" " ✓ 8 85 ✓
" " Putting On Copper Cups 132 1/4" 60 ✓ 79 35 | 5588 87 +
[pencil:] [illegible] 5589 5-8[?]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to .................
....................................................................................
Received, Memphis ...................................., 186_ , of ..................
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. ................................................ Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
[certificate and receipt wholly blank; reversed pencil show-through in the
receipt area reads 55-88.83]
Checks: Nineteen of the twenty item lines prove exactly against their own rates. 107 drayages at 25 cents = $26.75; 2 at 25 cents = 50 cents; 28 at 25 cents = $7.00 — the sheet is internally consistent on drayage at a quarter apiece. 26 lb of short iron at 12 cents = $3.12; 46 lb at 12 cents = $5.52. 12 lb of brass castings at 75 cents = $9.00; 53 lb of brass at the armory at 75 cents = $39.75. 518 lb of castings at 6 cents = $31.08; 2,085 lb at 6 cents = $125.10. 2,150 lb of covering at 60 cents = $1,290.00. 171 lb of copper cups at 60 cents = $102.60. 3 shot-iron cups at $1.00 = $3.00. 246 lb of submarine brass at 80 cents = $196.80. 132¼ lb of copper cups put on at 60 cents = $79.35. The five-and-a-half-cent lines round as the clerk chose: 4,704 lb at 5½ cents = $258.72 exactly; 294 lb = $16.17 exactly; 1,911 lb = $105.105, entered $105.10; 161 lb = $8.855, entered $8.85. The one line that does not prove is the first Archer-shot entry: 6,670 lb at 5½ cents is $366.85, and the clerk entered $366.80 — five cents short. The pencil hand caught it, wrote $366.85 in the margin and noted "Error .05". The same hand caught the brought-forward figure, writing $2,908.89 against the clerk's $2,907.63 and noting "Error 1 26" — a difference of exactly $1.26. Now the footing. Adding the clerk's own twenty extensions to the clerk's own brought-forward figure gives $5,588.84; the clerk footed the column at $5,588.87, three cents high. It does not prove, and the divergence is three cents. Taking the auditor's two corrections instead ($2,908.89 forward and $366.85 for the Archer shot) the column comes to $5,590.15, which is not what the pencil total beneath the footing appears to say either. One further check crosses the sheets: the $2,907.63 brought forward here ought to be the total of image 50, but my readings of image 50 add to $2,918.91 with its torn line excluded entirely — $11.28 more than the figure carried forward, and the torn line can only push image 50's total higher still. The two sheets do not reconcile on the face of my readings.
Flagged: The pencil total beneath the clerk's footing is the least secure figure on the sheet. It sits half under the closing rule, in a pale pencil the film has barely held, and I read it as 5589 followed by two characters I cannot separate; a word before it, in the same pencil, is illegible. I have not asserted a value. Neither $5,590.15 (the column as the auditor's own corrections would leave it) nor $5,588.87 (the clerk's footing) matches what I can see there, so the pencil figure is either a third computation or a reading I have got wrong, and it should be checked against the original. The brought-forward mismatch against image 50 is the most substantial problem in this range and I want to state it without dressing it up: either one of my readings on image 50 is wrong by about eleven dollars, or image 50 is not the sheet whose total was carried into this one. The dates argue for continuity — image 50 closes on 18 November 1861 and this sheet opens "Novbr 18, Amount Brot Forward" — but arithmetic outranks a date, and I have not adjusted either sheet to make them agree. Two quantity readings on this sheet defy sense against their own weights. "92. 24" Archer Shot 6670"" gives 72½ lb a shot, and "12 . 32 Read Shot 4704"" gives 392 lb a shot; neither is a possible projectile weight for the calibre named, though both extensions prove exactly on the weight and rate given. The comparable lines on the same sheet run about 42 lb a shot (45 Read shot, 1,911 lb; 7 shell, 294 lb), so the counts as written cannot be right — but the figures are legible and I have not altered them. The character closing "244" in the covering line is written as a crosshatch and may be a badly formed figure 4 or the pound sign; the same crosshatch appears before "113" in the drayage line on image 50, where it can only mean "number," so its sense here is unresolved and I have marked the reading doubtful. The word abbreviated after "Archer Shot." in that line reads as C-p with a superior stroke and I take it for copper, consistent with the copper caps and copper cups billed lower down, but the expansion is a proposal. "Sub marine Brass" is written as two words and is left so. "Read" is Dr. J. B. Read, whose shot, shell and copper cups run through the whole sheet; "Archer" is the other projectile pattern; neither name is spelled with a possessive by this clerk. No officer is named: certificate and receipt are both blank, so W. R. Hunt does not sign this sheet any more than he signs image 50, and there is no voucher number anywhere on it. The reversed pencil figure at the foot is show-through from the reverse of the sheet and is recorded as such, not transcribed as content of this page.
Image 53 — Blank printed Ordnance Department docket, Memphis, undated: no manuscript of any kind
A second wide docket sheet of the same printing and the same blue-grey machine-ruled paper as image 51, filmed on its side. A heavy vertical fold crease runs down the sheet a little left of the printed block, with a fainter one near the right edge; the fine vertical machine ruling runs through everything. At the top edge, left of the printed block, a piece of the paper has been torn away and folded back, printing as a small bright triangular flap with a ragged edge — the loss is in the blank margin and costs no text. The bottom edge of the sheet is ragged for its full width, and the lower right corner is missing, so that the paper falls away into the black of the film there. A soft grey stain, roughly circular and about an inch across, sits in the blank left half of the sheet a third of the way up. Two small square registration marks from the filming sit near the centre. The printed block is identical to image 51: a heavy rule, a blank name line beneath it, the script "No. Voucher" with a dotted lead, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold condensed capitals, "Memphis" with a dotted lead and "186" with a short lead, a dollar sign with a long dotted lead, and a closing heavy rule. Not one of those fields is filled. Unlike image 51 this sheet carries no pencil notation anywhere, and no handstamp of any kind — the Rebel Archives oval that appears on image 51 is absent here. There is no manuscript on the sheet at all.
---------------------------------------------
No. Voucher .......... ....
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis ............................ 186....
$ ...........................
---------------------------------------------
[entirely blank — no name, no voucher number, no date, no sum,
no signature, no endorsement, no handstamp]
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: Nothing doubtful is read here because nothing is written here. The pairing question has to be raised and then dismissed for want of evidence: this docket carries no figure, no date, no payee and no voucher number, so it cannot be tested against the continuation account at image 52 that precedes it or against anything else in the range. It is a Memphis Ordnance Department docket of the same printing as image 51, and it is blank in the same way, but that is a statement about the printer, not about which account it wrapped. I have not assumed it belongs with image 52. Worth noting for whoever works the rest of the roll: two blank dockets of this printing now stand in this range (images 51 and 53), and the file's habit of filming dockets apart from their accounts means their present position in the sequence carries no weight. The torn flap at the top edge and the missing lower right corner are in blank margin and destroy no text.
Image 54 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis: closing sheet of the Quinby & Robinson account, 19 December 1861, footed at $5,991.98 and receipted from W. R. Hunt at Memphis, 20 February 1862
The third sheet of the same printed Confederate billhead — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." over its dash-and-lozenge ornament and "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in shaded display capitals — and the one that closes and settles the account. The top edge is damaged: a wedge of paper is torn away at the upper left, taking part of the first printed word, and the whole top edge is ragged and lifts away from the film so that the header line runs slightly uphill. The body is in the familiar fine sloping ink hand. Only the top third of the table is used; below the total the sheet is empty ruled paper for more than half its depth, and the emptiness is where the second hand has worked. A soft pencil covers this sheet more heavily than any other in the range: a word above the printed header at the top edge, half cut off by the frame; a figure 3 in the upper right corner; a short note above the first item line; two lines of marginalia down the left edge beside the submarine-brass and castings entries; a corrected brought-forward figure written above the clerk's; a note "should be" with a figure beside the total; and, in the empty middle of the sheet, a worked column of addition — three addends, a ruled line, a sum, a deduction with part of it struck through, a second ruled line, and a final figure. Most of that pencil is very pale and some of it is beyond recovery at this resolution. Unlike images 50 and 52, this sheet is executed: the printed receipt is filled in and signed. The printed certificate above it, however, is still blank, its "amounting to" lead never filled; on the dotted line beneath it there is a faint grey line of writing that includes what look like the letters of Hunt's name and the letters C S A, but it is a ghost rather than an ink signature and I read it as offset or show-through, not as a certificate. Three small punch dots run down the left margin and a scatter of others sit lower on the sheet.
[pencil, above the header, cut by the frame: illegible] 3 [pencil]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
--- • --- • ---
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[pencil:] 5588 83
Dec 19 Amount Brot Forward 5588 87 ✓ | 5589 58
[pencil: Rep[or]t[ed] 15[?]]
" " 18. 24 Pdr Archer Shot 1440" 5½ ✓ 79 20 ✓
" " Rifleing 16 & 2 Copper Caps wt 141 1/2" 60 84 90 ✓
" " 7 Drayages · 1 75 ✓
[pencil in margin: illegible]
" " 228 Submarine Brass Castings 80 ✓ 182 40 ✓
[pencil in margin: illegible]
" " 1326" Castings 6 ✓ 79 56 ✓
" " 2 Drayages 50 ✓ | 6017 18 ✓
Less 3 - 24 Pdr Archer Shot 240 5½ ✓ 13 20 ✓
3 - 24 Copper Cup 20 lb 60 ✓ 12 ✗ 25 20 ✓
[pencil: should be 5992.7[?]] ✗ 5991 98 ✓
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[pencil, in the blank middle of the sheet:]
2907.6[2]
26[5 or 8]1.21
4[2 or 5]8.[3 or 0]1
----------
6017.14
25.[2]0 [partly struck]
----------
5991.94
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to .................
[blank]
[faint grey line, offset or show-through: W R H[unt] ... [illegible] ... C S A]
Received, Memphis Feby 20 , 186 2 , of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Fifty nine hundred & Ninety one 98/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: This sheet proves exactly, and it is the only one in the range that does. Every extension holds: 1,440 lb of 24-pounder Archer shot at 5½ cents = $79.20; 141½ lb of copper caps for the rifling job at 60 cents = $84.90; 7 drayages at 25 cents = $1.75; 228 lb of submarine brass castings at 80 cents = $182.40; 1,326 lb of castings at 6 cents = $79.56; 2 drayages at 25 cents = 50 cents. The sub-total proves to the cent: $5,588.87 brought forward plus $79.20, $84.90, $1.75, $182.40, $79.56 and $0.50 comes to $6,017.18, exactly the figure the clerk carried into the money column. The deductions prove too: 240 lb of Archer shot returned at 5½ cents = $13.20, and 20 lb of copper cups at 60 cents = $12.00, which add to the $25.20 the clerk struck off. And $6,017.18 less $25.20 is $5,991.98, exactly the footing. The receipt agrees with the footing: "Fifty nine hundred & Ninety one" and a written numerator of 98 over the printed 100 gives $5,991.98 to the cent. The pencil hand did not accept it. It wrote $5,588.83 above the clerk's brought-forward — four cents below it — and worked its own column in the empty middle of the sheet, reaching $6,017.14 before deducting $25.20 to arrive at $5,991.94, four cents under the clerk. The three addends of that pencil column are only partly recoverable, but the shape of the reckoning is plain: the first is $2,907.6-, which is the total carried from image 50 into image 52; the second is the sum of image 52's own items; the third is the sum of this sheet's six items, which I make $428.31. Taken as $2,907.62 + $2,681.21 + $428.31 the column does come to $6,017.14 and the deduction does bring it to $5,991.94, so the pencil arithmetic is internally sound; it simply reads image 50's total a cent lower than the clerk did and image 52's brought-forward figure accordingly. Against the ink, the clerk's own account is faultless from the brought-forward figure onward.
Flagged: The pencil column in the middle of the sheet is the weakest reading here and I have bracketed it rather than assert it. The second addend's third digit is a rounded loop that reads as either 5 or 8; only 8 makes the column add, and only 8 agrees with the pencil's own $5,588.83 above the brought-forward, but I have not silently made it an 8. The third addend is fainter still — I can see four digits and a decimal but cannot separate them with confidence, and I give the arithmetic's requirement ($428.31) as a proposal in the Checks note, not as a reading. The figure beside "should be" at the total reads $5,992.7 followed by one or two characters written over each other; if the pencil hand were working from the corrected brought-forward of $5,589.58 shown on this sheet the answer would be $5,992.69, which would fit what I can see, but that is a reconstruction and the characters themselves do not resolve. The pencil in the left margin beside the submarine-brass and castings lines is two short lines of words that will not come up at all; the same is true of the note above the first item line, where I can make out something like a word beginning "Rep" and a figure that may be 15. The pencil word above the printed header is cut by the edge of the film. The faint grey writing on the dotted line under the printed certificate is the one place where a reader might be misled: it sits exactly where a certifying officer would sign, and it does appear to contain Hunt's initials and the letters C S A — but it is grey, flat and slightly displaced, with none of the weight of the ink signature four lines below it, and I take it for offset from another sheet rather than a signature on this one. The certificate proper is unfilled and unsigned. What is beyond doubt is the receipt: W. R. Hunt is named as the ordnance officer paying, the place is Memphis, the date is 20 February 1862, the sum is $5,991.98, and Quinby & Robinson have signed for it in a large firm hand. That fixes the officer for this account as Hunt, not Chambliss. The year in the table head is written across the ruled line and its last digit is hard to separate from the rule; the sequence of dates ("Dec 19" here, continuing image 52's "Decbr 19") makes it 1861 and I have so transcribed it, but the digit itself is not clean. The quantity problem noted on image 52 recurs here: 18 Archer shot weighing 1,440 lb is 80 lb apiece, which is not a 24-pounder projectile, yet the extension proves exactly on the weight and rate given. There is no voucher number on this sheet.
Image 55 — Endorsed docket, "Quimby & Robinson," vouchers 1061 and 1092, for $14,524.20; undated, no place named, with the Rebel Archives handstamp
A wide sheet of pale, unlined stock filmed on its side, with a hard vertical fold running down the left third and a softer one down the right, so the paper reads as the outer panel of a document folded in three. Unlike images 51 and 53 there is no printing at all on this face: everything on it is manuscript, and the sheet is a plain endorsement rather than a printed docket form. The writing sits in the upper middle of the panel in a large, confident, wet brown-black hand with heavy shading on the capitals — a different and much bolder hand than the account clerk's. Below it, struck squarely across the middle of the panel, is the double-oval handstamp "RECORD DIVISION. / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT." with a five-pointed star at each side, this time in a strong, well-inked grey impression in which every word can be read. Lower still, a looped monogram of two tall elongated loops over a long ruled flourish; it is a signature or a set of initials and I cannot resolve it. The whole of the left half of the sheet, and everything below the monogram, is empty. What fills that emptiness in the image is show-through from the reverse: the sheet is the back of a printed account, and the film catches its ruled columns, its entries and, reversed at the upper right, the words "Confederate States of America" set in the same shaded display face as the Ordnance Department billheads, with "Dr." reversed at the upper left and printed column heads including "REMARKS" and "No." along the left edge. None of that show-through belongs to this face and none of it is transcribed here. A dark ink blot with a spattered tail sits in the left half of the sheet; small square film registration marks appear at three points; the lower edge and lower left corner are lightly soiled.
# 1061
1092
Quimby & Robinson
a[b?] [long stroke] g 7402 76
$ 14524 20/
[double-oval handstamp:]
★ RECORD DIVISION. ★
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[looped monogram, illegible]
Checks: Both figures on this sheet prove against the account filmed as image 56, which is this docket's own recto. The dollar figure is $14,524.20, exactly the footing of that account. The six figures written after the illegible word are 7402 76 — $7,402.76, exactly the first of that account's two sub-totals, the one ruled off after the shot, shell and grape lines. Nothing else on the sheet is arithmetic: the two numbers at the head are voucher numbers, not amounts, and no rate, quantity or extension appears anywhere.
Flagged: On the pairing, the answer here is unusually firm, and it runs the other way from the rest of this range. This docket does answer its neighbour. Its total is image 56's total to the cent, its reference figure is image 56's first sub-total to the cent, and the show-through on this face is image 56's own printing seen from behind — the blackletter "Confederate States of America," the ruled money columns and the printed REMARKS and No. heads, all reversed. Image 55 is the back of image 56, and the two are one document. The two figures cost me some trouble at first sight and the corrected readings are worth setting out. The dollar figure opens with a 1 written with a long lead-in stroke that reads convincingly as a 2, and its third digit is a 5 whose upper stroke closes into something like an 8; read cold the figure looks like $24,824.20, and only the account on the other side of the sheet settles it as $14,524.20. The six-figure reference has the same trap in its first digit — a 7 with a heavy lead-in that reads as a 4 — so what looks like 440276 is 740276, that is $7,402.76. Both are given here in their corrected form because the recto proves them; a reader working from this face alone would be right to be uncertain. The word standing before that figure I still cannot read: it opens with a rounded letter and a tall looped letter, a and b or a and h, runs out into a long horizontal stroke and closes on a g. It is presumably a bookkeeping abbreviation rather than a description, and I will not guess at it. The voucher numbers read 1061 and 1092. At high magnification the first number's third digit is a closed loop with no descender and the second's is a loop with a clear tail below the line, so the pair is not consecutive; the same pair, written the same way, appears on the dockets at images 57 and 59, which carry entirely different sums, so 1061/1092 cannot be the identifier of this account alone. See the note under image 59, where the three dockets are compared: the likeliest reading is the bounds of a numbered voucher series rather than two voucher numbers for one account. Neither number appears on the account sheet itself. The firm's name is written here with the m spelling, "Quimby" — the form the post-war archivists use — against the "Quinby" the partners themselves sign at image 54; the minim count is the usual trap and I have transcribed the strokes rather than normalise. No place and no date appear anywhere on the sheet, and the looped monogram low on the panel yields no letters I can read.
Image 56 — Printed account sheet, "Confederate States of America" to Quinby & Robinson, June 11 1862: heavy ordnance shot, Archer and Read projectiles, grape, and eight 12-pounder brass pieces; $14,524.20
A wide sheet, filmed landscape, printed on a different blank from the Ordnance Department billheads earlier in the range: a light rule across the head, then "Confederate States of America," set in a blackletter face at the left, with "To" and the payee's name written across the middle and a flourished "Dr." at the right; a second rule beneath, and under it a printed "186" with the year completed by hand, a set of narrow ruled money columns toward the right, and the printed word "REMARKS." heading the last and widest column. The Remarks column is entirely empty. There is no printed certificate and no printed receipt at the foot — this is the account itself, not a voucher form, and it carries no signature of any kind. The writing is a larger, rounder and much blacker hand than the Memphis billhead clerk's, with a broad nib and confident capitals, and it is easily the most legible manuscript in this range. A soft pencil has added two notes down the left margin, one of them clearly "Large Archer." Twelve of the item lines carry a pen tick at the left of the description. Two figures have been written over and corrected in a heavier ink — the extension on the grape-castings line and the first of the two totals at the foot — and one rate, on the brass-howitzer line, has been struck out with a bold horizontal stroke and left unreplaced. A vertical fold runs down the sheet right of centre and a horizontal one across the lower third; the paper is otherwise sound, with a little soiling and a scatter of small dark specks near the bottom edge. This is the recto of the endorsed docket filmed as image 55: the show-through visible on that sheet is this printing, seen from behind.
Confederate States of America, To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
186 2 | REMARKS.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
June 11 720 - 10 in Shot 90720" 6½ 5.896 80
[pencil: illegible]
✓ 141 - 8 " " 9024" " 586 56
✓ 44 - 32" " 1408" " 91 52
Turning & finishing 321 Reads Shot 1 00 321
[pencil: Large Archer]
✓ 18 - 6 in Archer Shot 1240" 6½ 80 60
Rifleing with Copper 153 60 91 80
" 46. 6 in Archer Shell with Copper 391" " 234 60
88 Stands 12 Pdr Grape Castings 1232" 6½ 80 08
66" Wrot Iron Rings & Pins 16 2/3 11 00
✓ Putting up 88 Stands Grape 10 8 80
-----------
$ 7.402 76
✓ 3 - 12 Pdr Brass Howitzers [rate struck out]
✓ 1 - 12 " " " 3152 lb 94 c 2962 88
✓ 4 - 12 " " Guns 4424" 94 c 4158 56 7121 44
----------------------
$14.52[4] 20 $14.524 20
Checks: This sheet proves exactly, twice over. Every extension holds against its own rate: 90,720 lb of 10-inch shot at 6½ cents = $5,896.80; 9,024 lb of 8-inch at 6½ cents = $586.56; 1,408 lb of 32-pounder at 6½ cents = $91.52; 321 Read's shot turned and finished at $1.00 apiece = $321.00; 1,240 lb of 6-inch Archer shot at 6½ cents = $80.60; 153 lb rifled with copper at 60 cents = $91.80; 391 lb of 6-inch Archer shell with copper at 60 cents = $234.60; 1,232 lb of 12-pounder grape castings at 6½ cents = $80.08; 66 lb of wrought-iron rings and pins at 16⅔ cents = $11.00 to the cent; 88 stands of grape put up at 10 cents = $8.80. Those ten add to $7,402.76, exactly the sub-total ruled off beneath them. The gun lines then prove as well: 3,152 lb of brass at 94 cents = $2,962.88, and 4,424 lb at 94 cents = $4,158.56, which together make $7,121.44, exactly the second sub-total. And $7,402.76 plus $7,121.44 is $14,524.20, exactly the footing — which the clerk wrote twice, once with a corrected digit and once cleanly. The weights are internally sensible on this sheet in a way they are not on images 52 and 54: 720 ten-inch shot at 90,720 lb is 126 lb apiece, which is right for a 10-inch solid shot, and 141 eight-inch at 9,024 lb is 64 lb apiece, which is right for an 8-inch. Only one line cannot be tested, and it is the odd one: the three 12-pounder brass howitzers carry no rate, no weight and no extension at all, the rate having been struck through and never replaced, so those three pieces are described but not charged for.
Flagged: The struck-out rate on the howitzer line is the substantive question this sheet raises. Three 12-pounder brass howitzers are entered, ticked like every other line, and then the rate column is cancelled with a heavy stroke and nothing is put in its place; no weight is given and no money is carried out. The footing proves without them, so they are genuinely uncharged here rather than accidentally omitted from the addition, but why a delivered gun should be entered and not billed is not explained anywhere on the sheet. The pencil note against the second item line will not come up — five or six short characters that might end in "par" — and I have left it as illegible rather than guess; the other pencil note, "Large Archer," is clear and evidently distinguishes the 6-inch Archer shot from the smaller Archer projectiles billed in the 1861 accounts. The grape-castings extension has been written over: an earlier figure is visible under the corrected "80 08," and only the corrected reading proves. The first of the two totals likewise has a digit rewritten; the second, clean copy reads $14.524 20 and agrees with the arithmetic, so the correction was toward the right answer. On the docket. I said under image 55 that its endorsement could not be matched to this range; that conclusion was wrong and I correct it here rather than leave it standing. The endorsement's dollar figure, which I read there as $24,824.20, is this sheet's total $14,524.20 — the leading 1 is written with a lead-in stroke that reads as a 2, and the third digit is a 5, not an 8. Its six-figure reference, which I read as 440276, is this sheet's first sub-total $7,402.76. Image 55 is the docket of image 56, and the two belong together; the vouchers 1061 and 1062 endorsed there are the voucher numbers for this account, which the account sheet itself does not carry. That correction is entered under image 55 as well. Two spellings of the firm stand a page apart: the docket writes "Quimby," this sheet writes the name with the same minim ambiguity as the Memphis accounts, and I have not normalised either. "Reads Shot" is Dr. J. B. Read's, written without an apostrophe. The date is 11 June 1862 and no place is named anywhere on the sheet; no officer signs it, and there is no certificate or receipt to sign.
Image 57 — Two frames on one exposure: (a) foot of an account sheet, certificate blank, receipted at Columbus, Mississippi, 12 June 1862 from W. R. Hunt for $14,524.20; (b) printed Ordnance Department docket, Memphis, "Quimby & Robinson," vouchers 1061 and 1092, $7,407.20 — the docket of the account at image 58
A single large filmed image carrying two separate exposures stacked one above the other, each with its own black border. The upper frame is the bottom of an account sheet, filmed landscape: the last few inches of a ruled money table with five or six vertical rules and nothing written in them, then the printed certificate in small roman type — "I CERTIFY that the above account is correct and just, amounting to" on one line and "and that the property has been received and will be accounted for" on the next — with both blanks left empty and no signature. Below that the printed receipt line, filled and signed in a large, bold, wet hand with heavy shading, running slightly uphill and crossing the printed rules; a hard vertical fold divides the frame left of centre and a horizontal fold crosses the receipt. The lower frame is a printed docket panel of the same setting as images 51 and 53 — a name line over a heavy rule, "No. Voucher" with its lead, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT." in bold condensed capitals, "Memphis" with a dotted lead and "186", a dollar line, and a closing rule — but this one is filled in. The docket writing is in two inks and a pencil: the firm's name and the voucher numbers in a fine pale hand, the dollar figure in a much heavier ink that has been gone over until it blots and smears into a solid grey band, a pencil repetition of the figure beneath, a pencil date, then the letters "Ch" in ink and a looped monogram, and finally the double-oval "RECORD DIVISION. / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT." handstamp struck low and turned on its side, with a five-pointed star visible at the top and two heavy ink blots inside the inner oval. In the printed heading of this docket the M of DEPARTMENT is an N — the sheet reads "DEPARTNENT." — either a wrong sort in the forme or a broken letter.
[upper frame — foot of an account sheet]
[ruled money columns, blank]
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I CERTIFY that the above account is correct and just, amounting to
................................................................
and that the property has been received and will be accounted for ..............
[both blank]
RECEIVED Columbus Miss June 12th 186 2 of
W R Hunt Ordnance Officer C. S. A. Fourteen thousand five hundred &
Twenty four Dollars Twenty Cents, in full of the above account.
Quinby & Robinson
[lower frame — printed docket]
Quimby & Robinson
-------------------------------------------
No. Voucher 1061
1092
ORDNANCE DEPARTNENT.
Memphis ............................ 186....
$ 7.407 20/100 [heavily inked and blotted]
-------------------------------------------
7407.20 [pencil]
Apl 15 [pencil]
Ch [ink]
[looped monogram]
[double-oval handstamp, struck on its side:]
★ RECORD DIVISION. ★
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: The receipt in the upper frame proves exactly against image 56. Written out it is "Fourteen thousand five hundred & Twenty four Dollars Twenty Cents" — $14,524.20, to the cent the footing of the account at image 56 and the figure endorsed on the docket at image 55. Three documents now agree on that sum. The docket in the lower frame does not. Its dollar line reads $7,407.20 in ink and the same figure, 7407.20, is repeated in pencil beneath it, so the reading is corroborated on the sheet itself; and $7,407.20 is neither image 56's total, nor either of image 56's two sub-totals ($7,402.76 and $7,121.44), nor any combination of the extensions on that account that I can construct. It does, however, prove exactly against image 58: the howitzer account of 15 April 1862 filmed two frames later foots at $7,407.20 and is receipted for that sum, so this docket answers that account and not the one whose receipt shares this exposure. There is no other arithmetic on either frame: the certificate's "amounting to" is blank, the money columns visible in the upper frame are empty, and the docket carries no rates, quantities or extensions.
Flagged: Two frames on one exposure is itself worth flagging, because a reader working from image numbers will otherwise treat this as one document. It is two: an account foot and a docket, filmed separately and printed together. The pairing question then has to be asked twice. The upper frame does answer image 56 — the sum is identical to the cent, the firm signs it, and it settles that account. The lower frame does not answer the frame above it: it belongs to the separate howitzer account at image 58, whose total is $7,407.20 to the cent, and filing it with image 56 on the strength of its position on the film would be a mistake. The voucher numbers read 1061 and 1092, and the same pair, written identically, stands on the dockets at images 55 and 59 — three dockets, three different sums, one pair of numbers. That rules out reading them as the voucher numbers of any single account; the note under image 59 sets out what they more likely are. The dollar figure has been written over so heavily that the ink has spread into a solid band across the line; the digits 7, 4, 0 and 7 can still be picked out of it, and the pencil repetition below confirms them, but a reader should know that the ink alone would not carry that reading. The pencil date "Apl 15" gives no year. The letters "Ch" in ink below it may be initials or an abbreviation; they are clear but they mean nothing I can demonstrate, and the looped monogram beneath them yields no letters at all. In the upper frame the place is the substantive new fact in this range: the receipt is taken at Columbus, Mississippi, not Memphis — Memphis had fallen on 6 June 1862 and this receipt is dated the 12th — while the docket that answers it is still printed on the Memphis Ordnance Department blank. The officer paying is again W. R. Hunt, ordnance officer, C. S. A., and the firm signs "Quinby & Robinson" while the docket writes "Quimby"; both spellings stand on this one exposure. The printed "DEPARTNENT" is recorded as it stands rather than corrected, but it is a printer's fault, not the clerk's.
Image 58 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis: account of 15 April 1862 for ten 12-pounder bronze howitzers delivered 8 February to 10 March, repriced from 77½ cents to 94 cents a pound, $7,407.20; receipted at Columbus, Mississippi, 12 June 1862 from W. R. Hunt
A portrait billhead of a third printing, distinct from both the shaded display-capital form used at images 50, 52 and 54 and the plain blackletter form at image 56: here "Ordnance Department—Memphis." is set in a light, widely spaced roman with a small ornament beneath, and "Confederate States of America," follows in a large blackletter. The sheet is ruled with seven vertical rules running the full depth of the page, and only the top eighth of that ruling is used — the remaining three-quarters of the sheet is empty ruled paper down to the printed certificate at the foot. Everything is in one fine, fluent hand in a black ink that has held its colour better than the 1861 accounts. The four item lines and their four extensions have been cancelled with a single enormous X drawn corner to corner across the money columns in the same ink, and beneath the X the clerk has written a single new computation — a total weight, a new rate and a new sum — which is what the sheet is now for. At the foot, the printed certificate is blank and unsigned, but the printed receipt is filled and signed, and the printed word "Memphis" in the receipt line has been struck through and "Columbus Miss" written over it in the same hand. Three small punch dots and a few specks run down the left margin. A soft vertical fold crosses the sheet at the second rule and a horizontal one about two-thirds down; the paper is otherwise clean and undamaged.
Ordnance Department—Memphis.
--- • --- • ---
Confederate States of America,
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
April 15th 1862
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Feby | 8 | 2 | 12 Pdr Howitzer Bronze | [rate cancelled] | 1221 40 \
" | 11 | 2 | 12 " " " | " | 1221 40 \
" | 24 | 3 | 12 " " " | " | 1832 10 / X
Mch | 10 | 3 | 12 " " " | " | 1832 10 /
7880 lb 94 c $ 7407.20
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I CERTIFY that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..........
[blank]
RECEIVED, [Memphis — struck through] Columbus Miss June 12 186 2 , of
W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Seventy four hundred & Seven 20/100 DOLLARS,
in full of the above account.
[Signed Duplicates.] Quinby & Robinson
Checks: The sheet proves exactly, and it also explains itself. Ten howitzers are delivered across the four dated lines — two on 8 February, two on 11 February, three on 24 February and three on 10 March — and the summary weight of 7,880 lb divides by those ten to 788 lb apiece, which is the established weight of a 12-pounder bronze field howitzer. At the substituted rate, 7,880 lb at 94 cents = $7,407.20, exactly the sum carried out and exactly the sum written into the receipt as "Seventy four hundred & Seven" and 20/100. The four cancelled extensions prove too, at the rate they were computed on: 2 howitzers at 788 lb each is 1,576 lb, and 1,576 lb at 77½ cents = $1,221.40 — the figure on each of the two February lines; 3 howitzers is 2,364 lb, and 2,364 lb at 77½ cents = $1,832.10 — the figure on each of the two three-gun lines. Those four add to $6,107.00, which is 7,880 lb at 77½ cents to the cent. So the cancelled and the surviving computations are each internally exact, and the whole of the X amounts to a repricing of the same ten guns from 77½ cents to 94 cents a pound, an increase of $1,300.20. Against the rest of the range: the $7,407.20 footed here is exactly the sum endorsed on the docket in the lower frame of image 57, in ink and again in pencil. That docket answers this account.
Flagged: This sheet resolves the problem I raised under image 57, and the correction belongs here as well as there. The $7,407.20 on that docket is not a garbled version of anything on image 56 — it is the total of this account, a separate delivery of ten bronze howitzers billed on 15 April 1862 and settled on the same day, at the same place and by the same officer as the $14,524.20 account. Two accounts were paid at Columbus on 12 June 1862, and image 57 carries the receipt of one and the docket of the other. The arithmetical coincidence I noted at image 57 — that $14,524.20 less $7,407.20 is $7,117.00 — is a coincidence and should be dropped; the two sums are independent accounts, not a split of one. The rate on the four cancelled lines cannot be read: the cancelling X passes straight through the rate column and what survives under it is a stroke or two. I have transcribed it as cancelled rather than guess, and give 77½ cents in the Checks note as the figure the four extensions require, not as a reading. The quantity in the last line is written in a way that could be taken for 15 rather than 12 in the description column, but that column is carrying the repeated "12 Pdr" of the ditto, not a quantity; the quantity column reads 3, and the weight proves it. The struck-out "Memphis" in the receipt line is worth recording exactly as it stands: the firm and the officer were still using Memphis Ordnance Department blanks in June 1862, a week after the city fell, and amended them by hand to Columbus, Mississippi. The certificate above the receipt is blank and unsigned; W. R. Hunt appears only as the officer paying, and the firm signs "Quinby & Robinson" — the n spelling again on a sheet whose docket writes "Quimby." There is no voucher number on the account itself; the numbers are on the docket at image 57.
Image 59 — Printed Ordnance Department docket, Memphis, undated: "Quinby & Robinson," vouchers 1061 and 1092, $2,544.00
A wide sheet of blue-grey machine-ruled stock filmed on its side, of the same printing and the same paper as the dockets at images 51, 53 and 57 — a heavy rule, a blank name line above it, the script "No. Voucher" with its lead, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT." in bold condensed capitals (with the same wrong or broken sort, so that it reads "DEPARTNENT."), "Memphis" with a dotted lead and "186", a dollar line, and a closing heavy rule. Two vertical folds cross the sheet, one just left of the printed block and one further right, and the fine vertical machine ruling runs through everything. The printed name line above the top rule is empty; the firm's name is written instead below the block, in a light, fine hand. The voucher numbers are in that same light hand. The dollar figure between the rules is in a much heavier ink that has been gone over repeatedly until it has spread into a solid dark band across the line, exactly as on image 57. Below the closing rule, in a bolder ink, the letters "Ch" and then the sum repeated with its fraction. Lower and to the left, the double-oval "RECORD DIVISION. / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT." handstamp is struck at a tilt in a pale grey impression, legible in the outer ring, with two heavy black ink blots sitting inside the inner oval. The left half of the sheet is empty except for a few dark specks and a small scatter of soiling; small square film registration marks appear at three or four points. There is no date and no place written anywhere: the printed "Memphis" stands alone and the "186" is never completed.
[name line above the rule — blank]
---------------------------------------------
No. Voucher 1061
1092
ORDNANCE DEPARTNENT.
Memphis ............................ 186....
$ 2544 [heavily inked and blotted]
---------------------------------------------
Ch 2544 00/100
Quinby & Robinson
[double-oval handstamp, struck at a tilt:]
★ RECORD DIVISION. ★
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: The sheet carries one sum, $2,544.00, written twice — once in the blotted ink on the dollar line and once below the rule after the letters "Ch," where the fraction 00/100 is added. The two agree, so the figure is corroborated on the sheet itself. It matches nothing else in this range: it is not the $14,524.20 of image 56, not the $7,407.20 of image 58, not a sub-total or an extension on either, and not the difference between them. There is no rate, quantity, weight or extension on the sheet to test, and no date to test either.
Flagged: The voucher numbers are the reason this sheet matters beyond itself, and they need stating carefully. Enlarged, this docket reads 1061 on the first line and 1092 on the second — the first number's third digit is a closed loop with no descender, the second's is a loop with a clear tail below the line. Going back to the other two dockets with that in hand, image 55 and image 57 read the same way: 1061 over 1092 on all three. So three dockets in this range carry an identical pair of voucher numbers and three different sums — $14,524.20, $7,407.20 and $2,544.00 — and two of those three are demonstrably the totals of two different accounts (images 56 and 58). A pair of numbers that repeats across three unrelated accounts is not a pair of voucher numbers in the ordinary sense. The reading that fits what is on the paper is that 1061 and 1092 are the bounds of a numbered series — an abstract running from voucher 1061 to voucher 1092 — and that each of these dockets belongs to one voucher inside it; a second possibility is that the two lines are the same voucher's number in two different numbering series. Both are proposals and neither is written on the sheet. What should not be done is to treat 1061/1092 as identifying any one of these three accounts. I withdraw the suggestion made under image 55 that the pair was meant to be consecutive (1061 and 1062); the second number's descender is unambiguous at high magnification on all three sheets. The account this docket answers is not in images 50 to 59: no sheet in the range foots at $2,544.00. It should be looked for elsewhere on the roll rather than assumed to be the sheet filmed next to it. The dollar figure on the printed line would not be readable on its own — the ink has spread into a band — and it is the repetition below the rule that carries the reading. The letters "Ch" recur here exactly as on image 57, in the same position and the same bold ink, and I still cannot say what they stand for; they are not a date and not a sum. The firm's name is written here in the light hand with the minim count that supports "Quinby," where the dockets at images 55 and 57 support "Quimby"; I have transcribed each sheet as it stands rather than normalise across them. The printed "DEPARTNENT" is the printer's fault, recorded as it stands.
Image 60 — Manuscript account (no printed billhead), Ordnance Department C.S.A. to Quinby & Robinson, dated June 12, 186[2?], for three brass howitzer castings and one 6-pdr gun casting; $2,544.00; receipted at Columbus, Mississippi
A tall single leaf photographed in grayscale at modest resolution (995 x 1600 px), so the finest strokes are at the limit of legibility. There is no printed billhead at all: the heading "Ordnance Department / Confederate States of America" is written out in a large, looping, well-schooled clerical hand in dark ink at the top of the sheet. Five ruled money columns are drawn in ink the full height of the page, and a horizontal fold runs across the middle of the sheet with a second fold lower down; both show as pale lines. The account occupies only the top eighth of the leaf; the rest is blank until the receipt, which is written across the foot in the same or a very similar hand. A faint set of pencil initials sits below the entries between the first two rules, a pencil "13" is written small in the left margin about two-thirds down, and further faint pencil (an archival or file mark) appears at the bottom-left corner, sideways. Ink is brown-black and even; no stamps, no tears, no losses.
Ordnance Department
Confederate States of America
To Quinby & Robinson Dr
186[2?]
June | 12 | 3 Brass Howitzer Castings 3033 lbs 60 | 1819 | 80 |
| 1 | 1 " 6 Pdr Gun " 1207 " " | 724 | 20 | $2,544 00
| |
| | [F.C.D.? — faint pencil initials, underscored]
Received of W R Hunt ordnance officer
C. S. A. Twenty five hundred & forty four
Dolls. in full of the above account
Columbus. Miss June 5[?]th 186[2?] Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Both extensions are struck at 60 cents a pound. 3033 lb x $0.60 = $1,819.80 — matches the clerk's 1819.80 exactly. 1207 lb x $0.60 = $724.20 — matches exactly. $1,819.80 + $724.20 = $2,544.00 — matches the footing $2,544.00, and matches the receipt's written "Twenty five hundred & forty four Dolls." Proves exactly at $2,544.00.
Flagged: (1) Date conflict. The account's year figure and the receipt's year figure are written with the same terminal flourish, and at this resolution both read most naturally as 1862; but a receipt of June 5 cannot answer an account dated June 12 of the same year. The likeliest resolution — offered here as a proposal only, not carried into the transcription — is that the account is of June 12, 1861 (W. R. Hunt was the Memphis ordnance officer through 1861) and the receipt of June 5, 1862, given at Columbus, Mississippi after the firm left Memphis. Both years are transcribed as 186[2?] because that is what the strokes show. (2) The receipt's day figure is a single digit read as 5, with a superscript "th"; it could be another single digit. (3) The pencil initials below the entries are too faint to read with confidence; "F.C.D." is a guess and is marked as such. (4) The quantity mark after each weight is a superscript flourish read as "lbs"; the clerk repeats it as a ditto on the second line. (5) There is no printed billhead and no "STATE OF TENNESSEE" form language on this sheet — the whole heading is manuscript. (6) The officer named is W. R. Hunt, consistent with the 1861 range of the file; N. R. Chambliss does not appear. (7) No docket on this leaf, so no docket pairing to test.
Image 61 — Printed docket (endorsement) sheet, form "No. 12," Abstract A, Quinby & Robinson, Nos. 1061 and 1092, $750
A landscape-format frame (1600 x 1234 px) showing the inner face of a folded printed docket, laid open. The paper is faintly blue-lined ledger stock; two heavy vertical folds divide the sheet into panels, and the whole outer panel's ornamental blackletter shows through from the reverse along the left edge, mirrored — "The Confederate States of America" with a small "No. 12" above it — while a mirrored "Received" shows through at the right edge. The printed form matter sits in the centre panel in small roman and small-capital type; the blanks are printed as dotted leaders. Only four things are filled in by hand, all in a thin brown ink in a clerical hand: a number sign, two numbers, a dollar figure, and the payee's name. Across the lower centre is a large inked oval handstamp, struck heavily and partly blotted: "RECORD DIVISION" over "REBEL ARCHIVES" over "WAR DEPARTMENT," with a small star at each side. Scattered small foxing spots and pinholes appear at the left of the sheet. No account figures, no officer's signature, no date filled in.
No. 12.
No. .......... ABSTRACT A., .......... QR., 186
# 1061
1092 —
...................................................
DOLLARS ....... 750 — ..........................
100.
PAID .............. of ..................... 186
Quinby & Robinson
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[mirrored show-through, left edge:] The Confederate States of America / No. 12
[mirrored show-through, right edge:] Received
Checks: The only figure on the sheet is $750, and it stands alone — no quantity, rate or extension accompanies it, so there is nothing to multiply or foot. No arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) "No. 12." at the head is the printed FORM number, not a voucher number; the voucher-number blank ("No. .........") is left empty. The two manuscript numbers, 1061 and 1092, are written below the "ABSTRACT A." line and are best read as the abstract entry or voucher numbers this docket covers. (2) Docket pairing: this docket does NOT answer the account on image 60. Image 60 foots at $2,544.00 and is dated June 1861/1862 at Memphis and Columbus, Mississippi; this docket carries $750 and names no place or date at all. On the figure alone the two do not match, and they should not be read as a pair. (3) The quarter and year blanks ("Qr., 186") are blank, so the docket cannot be dated from its own face. (4) The middle digit of the first number is a small closed loop with an entry stroke, read as 6; "1061" is confident but not certain. (5) The dollar figure's first digit is a 7 written with a heavy leading stroke; "750" is the reading, with the cents blank ("100.") left unfilled. (6) "Quinby & Robinson" here is written by the file clerk on the payee line, not signed by the firm.
Image 62 — Printed voucher form "No. 12," The Confederate States of America to Quinby & Robinson, May 19, 1862, 500 barrels of coal, $750.00; certified received by John E. Logwood, M.S.K.; receipted at Columbus 12 June 1862 — marked (DUPLICATE.)
A full printed voucher sheet, portrait format (1237 x 1600 px), on white wove paper, the printing crisp and black. The heading is a heavy ornamental blackletter "The Confederate States of America," with a small roman "No. 12." above it; below that a ruled "To ................ Dr." line, then a four-column table with printed small-capital headings and ruled money columns carried the full depth of the sheet. Two horizontal folds cross the leaf, one just above the printed certificate and one near the head; both show as pale creases. All the manuscript is in a fine steel-pen hand in brown-black ink, with the account entry in one hand and the certificate of receipt in a second, larger, rounder hand. Faint pencil marks and a small pencil "13" appear twice in the left margin, and a set of pencil initials sits at the left of the certificate line. There is faint mirrored show-through of another document's writing down the left margin, low on the sheet. Notably, the printed officer's line at the foot reads "Captain and Ordnance Officer Fort Smith, Ark." — a Trans-Mississippi form used here at Memphis and Columbus — and the printed word "(DUPLICATE.)" stands at the lower left. No handstamps.
No. 12.
The Confederate States of America,
To Quinby & Robinson ............................. Dr.
1862
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
DATE OF PURCHASE. | NAMES OF ARTICLES. | Dollars | Cts. | REMARKS.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
May 19 | 500 Bbls Coal 1 50 | 750 | 00 |
| (or 100000[?] lbs) | | |
[W?]JM | I certify that the above
| has been recieved
| John E Logwood M. S. K.[?]
| By D T. Saffarrans Clk
I CERTIFY that the above Account is correct and just and that the articles
will be accounted for in my Property Return for the quarter ending on the
.............. of ................................... 186
Captain and Ordnance Officer Fort Smith, Ark.
Received At Columbus the 12 day of June , 1862
of W R Hunt .................... C. S. A. Seven hundred
& fifty ................ dollars and .............. cents, in full of the above account
(DUPLICATE.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: One entry only. 500 barrels x $1.50 = $750.00 — matches the extension 750 | 00 exactly, and there is no second line to foot. The receipt's written sum, "Seven hundred & fifty ... dollars," agrees with the figure. Proves exactly at $750.00.
Flagged: (1) "No. 12." at the head is the printed FORM number, not a voucher number. (2) Docket pairing: this sheet DOES match the docket on image 61 — the docket's "$750" is exactly this account's total, and the docket names Quinby & Robinson. The docket's two numbers, 1061 and 1092, are not repeated anywhere on this sheet, and the docket carries no date or place, so the match rests on the figure and the payee alone; on those two points it holds. Note that image 61 is filmed BEFORE this account, not after it. (3) The printed officer's line reads "Fort Smith, Ark." while the transaction is a Memphis/Columbus one — a blank form from another post used for want of the right one. It is printed, not manuscript, and is transcribed as printed. (4) The parenthetical weight is read "100000 lbs" (500 barrels at 200 lb the barrel), but the final digit is written small and hooked and could be a 3; marked uncertain. (5) The certificate of receipt is signed for the Military Store Keeper — "M. S. K." — the final initial is looped and could be read R; John E. Logwood is otherwise clear, as is the clerk D. T. Saffarrans. (6) The ordnance officer's own certificate ("I CERTIFY that the above Account is correct and just...") is left entirely blank and unsigned, and the quarter and year are not filled in. (7) The pencil initials at the left of the certificate line cannot be read with confidence. (8) The clerk writes "recieved"; the spelling is his and is left standing. (9) W. R. Hunt is the paying officer, in June 1862 — later than the "through 1861" pattern established elsewhere in the file, and at Columbus rather than Memphis.
Image 63 — Manuscript docket (endorsement on the blank back of a folded account), Quinby & Robinson, Nos. 1061 and 1092, $17,839.00
A landscape frame (1600 x 1215 px) showing the outer, otherwise blank face of a folded sheet. There is no printed form matter on this face at all: everything printed that can be seen is show-through from the reverse, where an ornamental blackletter "Confederate States of America" heading appears twice, mirrored, together with a long many-lined manuscript account and its money columns — so this docket is written on the back of the account it endorses, not on a separate wrapper. Three heavy vertical folds and one horizontal fold divide the sheet. The endorsement is in a fine, sloping clerical hand in dark ink, four short lines in the upper centre. Below it, struck across the centre of the sheet, is the oval handstamp "RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT," here printed dry and grey, with a star to each side. A small square microfilm mark reading "13" sits in the lower left quadrant; the same mark appears on the neighbouring frames and is a filming artifact, not part of the document. A few small foxing spots along the bottom edge. No date, place, officer or certificate on this face.
# 1061
1092
Quinby & Robinson
17,839. 00
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[mirrored show-through from the reverse: "Confederate States of America"
heading, top and bottom, over a long ruled account in a clerk's hand —
too faint to read]
Checks: A single sum, $17,839.00, with no quantities, rates or extensions on this face. No arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) This docket carries the SAME pair of numbers — 1061 and 1092 — as the docket on image 61, but a wholly different amount: $17,839.00 here against $750 there. Two dockets bearing one pair of numbers and two totals is a real inconsistency in the film, and both readings have been checked twice. No resolution is offered. (2) Docket pairing against its neighbours: it does not match image 62 (that account foots at $750, which belongs to the image 61 docket). Whether it answers the account on image 64 is tested in that entry. (3) Because the endorsement is on the back of a folded account, the account it belongs to is physically the sheet whose writing shows through here — but the show-through is far too faint to identify from this frame alone, so the pairing cannot be settled from this image. (4) The amount is read 17,839.00, the cents written as a small superscript "00" after a period; the thousands separator is a light comma. (5) No place, no date, no officer, no certificate.
Image 64 — Printed account, Confederate States of America to Quinby & Robinson, June 1862, upper part: iron castings, gun flasks, gun metal, coke, coal, four lathes for boring cannon, mortar-shell reaming, stands of grape, 24-pdr and 12-pdr cannon and howitzers, 10-inch and Read shot (continues on image 65)
A landscape frame (1600 x 1205 px) holding the upper two-thirds of a large ruled account sheet; the foot of the sheet, with the footing, certificate and receipt, is filmed on image 65. The printed heading is a heavy ornamental blackletter "Confederate States of America," with a ruled "To ................ Dr" line; the year is printed "186" with a manuscript "2" added, and the right-hand column is headed in printed roman capitals "REMARKS." Six ruled vertical columns run the depth of the sheet in printer's rule. The manuscript is in a very fine, upright, practised clerk's hand in black ink, close-ruled, one item to the line, with a small ink check-mark set against nearly every line in two separate columns — an auditor's tick. The paper is clean and unfoxed here, with one heavy horizontal fold across the lower third and a light vertical fold at the right. In the wide REMARKS column at the right there is a faint offset of writing transferred from a facing sheet, and a small pencilled fraction at the top of that column; both are illegible. A faint pencil word stands in the left margin against the 24-pdr cannon line, and small square microfilm "13" marks appear at two points on the frame.
Confederate States of America,
To Quinby & Robinson ................ Dr
186 2 | | REMARKS.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
June |✓| 116 Tons Iron Castings $50 00 | 5.800 |✓
|✓| 4 Gun Flasks 15748 lbs 5 cts| 787 40 |✓
|✓| 1065 lbs Gun Metal 40 " | 426 |✓
|✓| 416 Bus. Coke 22 " | 91 52 |✓
|✓| 60 Bbls Coal 1 50 | 90 |✓
|✓| 4 Lathes for Boreing Cannon $700 ea| 2.800 |✓
| | Reaming 77 - 13in Mortar Shells 60 " | 46 20 |✓
|✓| 13 Stands 24 Pdr Grape 2 25| 29 25 |
|✓| 40 " 12 " " 1 17| 46 80 |
[pencil,|✓| 3 - 24 Pdr Iron Cannon 19710 lbs 10 " | 1971 |
illeg.]|✓| 2 - 12 " Bronze Howitzers 1576 " 94 " | 1481 44 |
|✓| 2 - 12 " " Guns 2211 " " | 2078 34 |
|✓| 1 - 12 " Iron Cannon 4100 " 9 | 369 |✓
|✓| 140 - 10in Shot 17640 " 6½ | 1146 60 |✓
|✓| 1 - 64 " " " | 4 16 |
|✓| 1 - 32 " Read Shot 43 " " | 2 80 |
| | 1 Copper Sabot on same 3 " 60 | 1 80 |
[continues on image 65]
Checks: Every extension on this part of the sheet was proved against its quantity and rate, and all but one prove to the cent. 116 tons x $50.00 = $5,800 (5.800). 15748 lb x 5c = $787.40. 1065 lb x 40c = $426.00. 416 bushels x 22c = $91.52. 60 barrels x $1.50 = $90.00. 4 lathes x $700 = $2,800 (2.800). 77 shells x 60c = $46.20. 13 stands x $2.25 = $29.25. 40 stands x $1.17 = $46.80. 19710 lb x 10c = $1,971.00. 1576 lb x 94c = $1,481.44. 2211 lb x 94c (ditto) = $2,078.34. 4100 lb x 9c = $369.00. 17640 lb x 6½c = $1,146.60. 64 lb x 6½c (ditto) = $4.16. 3 lb x 60c = $1.80. The one divergence: 43 lb of 32-pdr Read shot at 6½ cents (ditto) computes to $2.795, and the clerk has entered $2.80 — half a cent in the department's favour, and left standing here as he wrote it. The footing is on image 65 and is proved there.
Flagged: (1) The account is a continuation sheet in the film sense only — it is one physical leaf, split across images 64 and 65, with two lines ("1 - 32in Read Shot" and "1 Copper Sabot on same") appearing at the foot of this frame and again at the head of image 65. Nothing is lost between the two. (2) "Read Shot" is Dr. J. B. Read's patent shot, and the "1 Copper Sabot on same" is its sabot — the same Read work seen elsewhere in this file. The reading of the surname is clear; the clerk writes it "Read". (3) The clerk writes "Boreing" for boring; his spelling stands. (4) The rate on the 12-pdr bronze guns is a ditto of the 94-cent rate on the howitzers above, and the 64-pdr and 32-pdr shot rates are dittos of 6½ cents; the dittos are transcribed as the clerk's quotation marks. (5) The pencil word in the left margin against the 24-pdr cannon line is too faint to read. (6) No officer signs on this part of the sheet; W. R. Hunt's name appears on image 65. (7) There is no "STATE OF TENNESSEE" amendment on this form — the heading is printed Confederate throughout.
Image 65 — Two documents in one frame: (a) foot of the image-64 account, footing $17,839.08, certified by John E. Logwood M.S.K. and receipted by W. R. Hunt at Columbus, Mississippi, 15 June 1862; (b) a separate printed docket, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT ... With Quinby & Robinson ... 1861," $3,369.08, marked "Correct W.R.H."
The largest frame in the range (2550 x 3300 px, and the only one photographed in colour-capable mode), holding two physically separate items stacked one above the other against a black ground. The upper item is the bottom two-thirds of the account leaf begun on image 64: the same ruled columns, the same fine clerk's hand, three more item lines, a footing ruled off with a long sweeping stroke, then the store-keeper's certificate, then a large area of blank ruled paper, and at the foot the printed certificate and receipt in small roman type with the "RECEIVED," in small capitals. Two heavy horizontal folds cross it and a diagonal crease runs through the certificate line; the paper is clean. Beside the footing, in soft pencil, a clerk has repeated the total. The lower item is a folded docket, three panels wide, the outer panels blank and the centre panel carrying printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in outline capitals with a printed dotted "With ................" line and a printed year "1861."; the manuscript on it is in a soft, blunt pencil or very pale ink and is much fainter than the ink on the account. The oval "RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT" handstamp is struck across the lower centre panel, faintly. The docket's edges are chipped and torn at the right and along the bottom, with ink spatter at the lower right corner.
---- UPPER ITEM: foot of the account begun on image 64 ----
|✓| 1 - 32 in Read Shot 43 " " | 2 80 |
| | 1 Copper Sabot on same 3 " 60 | 1 80 |
| | Turning & finishing 132 Read Shot 1 00 | 132 |
|✓| 53 Travis Shot fitted up Complete 10 09 | 534 77|
----------------------
[initials, [pencil: 17,839.08] $17,839 08
illegible]
I Certify that the above have been received
John E Logwood M. S. K.[?]
By D T. Saffarrans
$624 91 [unlabelled, standing alone in the blank part of the sheet]
I CERTIFY that the above account is correct and just, amounting to
[blank]
and that the property has been received and will be accounted for.
[unsigned]
RECEIVED, Columbus Mis June 15th 186 2 —
W R Hunt ordnance officer C. S. A. Seventeen thousand and eight hundred
& thirty nine Dollars Eight Cents, in full of the above account.
Quinby & Robinson
---- LOWER ITEM: separate folded docket ----
No 3/1 # [large flourished figure, 577?] C. S. A.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
With .... Quinby & Robinson ....................
..................................... 1861.
------------------------------------------------
$ 3369. 08
State Bank
Correct
W.R.H.
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: The three new item lines prove as follows. 132 Read shot turned and finished at $1.00 each = $132.00 — matches. 53 Travis shot at $10.09 each = $534.77 — matches to the cent (at $10.00 the extension would be $530.00, so the rate is certainly the odd figure and not a round ten). The 32-pdr Read shot line, 43 lb at 6½ cents, computes to $2.795 against the clerk's $2.80, as noted on image 64. Footing the whole account across images 64 and 65 — 5800.00 + 787.40 + 426.00 + 91.52 + 90.00 + 2800.00 + 46.20 + 29.25 + 46.80 + 1971.00 + 1481.44 + 2078.34 + 369.00 + 1146.60 + 4.16 + 2.80 + 1.80 + 132.00 + 534.77 — gives $17,839.08, which is exactly the clerk's footing, exactly the pencil repetition beside it, and exactly the sum written out in the receipt ("Seventeen thousand and eight hundred & thirty nine Dollars Eight Cents"). Proves exactly at $17,839.08. The account is therefore internally sound to the cent, carrying the clerk's own half-cent rounding on the 43 lb line. The docket in the lower half of the frame carries a single unrelated figure, $3,569.05, with nothing to foot.
Flagged: (1) Docket pairing — this is the sharpest mismatch in the range. The docket filmed in the SAME FRAME as this account is for $3,369.08 and is dated 1861; the account above it foots at $17,839.08 and is receipted 15 June 1862. Neither the figure nor the year agrees. The docket does not belong to this account, and being filmed beside it proves nothing. It belongs instead to the account on image 66, six frames later, which foots at exactly $3,369.08, is dated 10 October 1861, and is certified by W. R. Hunt — whose initials, "Correct W.R.H.", are on this docket. Figure, year and officer all agree, and the pairing is as firm as any in this range. (The amount was first read here as "$3,569.05"; on re-examination at higher magnification the third figure is a 3 and the raised cents are 08, and the entry has been corrected.) (2) By figure, the docket that DOES answer this account is the one on image 63, which carries $17,839.00 — and even that is eight cents short of the account's $17,839.08. The eight cents is the difference between a docket clerk rounding and the account's true footing; it is noted, not corrected, and the pairing is offered as probable on the figure, the payee and the sequence, not as certain. (3) An unexplained figure, $624 91, is written by itself in the blank ruled area of the account, in the same ink as the entries, with no label, no rule and no relation to any total on the sheet. It is recorded where it stands. (4) The docket's printed year is 1861 while its hand and the surrounding papers are 1862 — a stock form. Its top line ("No 3/1 #" followed by a large flourished figure) is heavily written over itself and could not be read with confidence. (5) "Correct / W.R.H." is W. R. Hunt's own initialled approval on the docket — the only officer's mark on either item, since the printed certificate on the account is left blank and unsigned. (6) The receipt's day is 15th; the "5" is formed with a top bar and a lower loop, the same glyph as the single-digit day on image 60 — which supports reading image 60's receipt as the 5th, though a lost leading "1" there cannot be excluded at that frame's resolution. (7) The certificate of receipt is again signed for John E. Logwood, Military Store Keeper, by clerk D. T. Saffarrans, exactly as on image 62. (8) "Travis Shot" is read with confidence but the name is not otherwise attested in this range; it is left as written. (9) The account is receipted at Columbus, Mississippi, not Memphis.
Image 66 — Printed billhead ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee, with the printed "STATE OF TENNESSEE" struck out and "Confederate States of America" written above it; account to Quinby & Robinson, 10th October 1861: canister shot and plates, grate bars, 64-, 32- and 24-pdr shell, spherical-case shot and shot balls, grape castings and stands, and shot and shell fitted for Bormann and wooden fuzes; figure at foot $3,369.08; receipted 24 November and 6 December 1861 and certified by W. R. Hunt
A tall single leaf (952 x 1600 px) filmed at modest resolution, so the finer figures had to be magnified hard. The printed billhead is the important thing here: the top line is set in outline capitals, "STATE OF TENNESSEE.", and it has been cancelled by hand with a close diagonal hatching drawn right through the type, with "Confederate States of America" written above and through it in a large flowing hand. Below the cancellation the printing continues "ORDNANCE OFFICE," in bold roman capitals with "Memphis, Tennessee." set in script type at the right, and a printed blackletter "To ................ Dr." line, the payee filled in by hand. The account is written in a very fine, small, sloping hand in brown-black ink, with an auditor's ink check-mark against nearly every line at the left and again at the right. Three heavy horizontal folds cross the sheet and one of them has caused a break in the paper through the "550" line, so that row sits slightly out of register. Two ruled money columns (dollars and cents) are drawn in ink. The lower half of the leaf carries, in a second and much bolder hand, a December receipt, and below that a third certificate in the officer's own hand. Faint vertical pencil writing runs down the extreme left margin and could not be read. No handstamps.
STATE OF TENNESSEE. [struck through by hand]
Confederate States of America [written over the cancellation]
ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee.
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
10th Oct
To 1[?] Octr.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
✓ | 6410[?] lbs Canister Shot & Plates | 10 | 641 | |✓
✓ | 3 Grates 218 lbs Grate Bars - | 6 | 13 | 08 |
✓ | 11 - 64 Pd Shell 704 lbs | " | " | " |✓
✓ | 550 - 32 " " 17888 " | " | " | " |✓
✓ | 172 - 24 " " 4128 " | " | " | " |✓
✓ | 214 - 12 " S. C. Shot 2568 " | " | " | " |✓
✓ | 386 - 6 " " " 2316 " | " | " | " |✓
✓ | 340 - 12 " Shot Ball 4080 " | " | " | " |✓
✓ | 248 - 6 " " " 1488 " 33,172 lbs | 5165 | 60 |✓
✓ | Castings for 307 Stands 12 Pd Grape 4558[?] lbs | 6¼ | 284 | 87 |
| 215 lbs Pins & Nuts | 16⅔ | 35 | 83 |
| Putting up 307 Stands Grape | 10 | 30 | 70 |
| Fitting 167 - 6 Pd Round Shot for Bormann fuze | 75 | 125 | 25 |
| " 321 - 32 " Shell for Wood fuze | 25 | 80 | 25 |
$ 3369 | 08
Received Payment Novr 24 [18]61
Quinby & Robinson
Dec. 6/61 Recd. of W R Hunt ordnance
Officer C S A the sum of Twenty
Eight Thousand & Sixty Nine dollars &
Eight Cents in full of above acct
Quinby & Robinson
I Certify that the above ordnance stores have
been received And accounted for
W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer C.S.A.
Checks: The seven shell and shot lines prove beautifully as a group: 704 + 17,888 + 4,128 + 2,568 + 2,316 + 4,080 + 1,488 = 33,172 lb, exactly the total the clerk carries out. The item extensions prove as follows. 6410 lb canister at 10c = $641.00 — matches (and confirms the quantity as 6410 rather than 6412, which would give $641.20). 218 lb grate bars at 6c = $13.08 — matches. 307 stands put up at 10c = $30.70 — matches. 167 round shot fitted at 75c = $125.25 — matches. 321 shell fitted at 25c = $80.25 — matches. Two lines are truncated rather than rounded by the clerk: 4558 lb of grape castings at 6¼c = $284.875, entered $284.87; and 215 lb of pins and nuts at 16⅔c = $35.833, entered $35.83. Both are left as he wrote them. The 33,172 lb shell-and-shot group carries no rate at all — the rate column holds only ditto marks — and is extended at $5,165.60, which works out to 15.572 cents the pound, not a round figure; with no rate on the sheet the extension cannot be proved.
The footing does NOT prove. Adding the entered extensions — 641.00 + 13.08 + 5,165.60 + 284.87 + 35.83 + 30.70 + 125.25 + 80.25 — gives $6,376.58 against the clerk's footing of $3,369.08, a divergence of $3,007.50. Every figure in that addition was re-read at high magnification and the sum was worked twice. Nothing is corrected here; the account as written does not add to its own total.
Flagged: (1) This is one of the "STATE OF TENNESSEE" forms amended by hand to Confederate use, exactly as the range description anticipated — the printed state heading is struck through with pen hatching and "Confederate States of America" written across it. The printed place, "Memphis, Tennessee.", is left standing. (2) The $3,007.50 gap between the entered extensions and the footing is the largest unexplained discrepancy in this range. It is almost exactly the difference the sheet would show if the shell-and-shot group had been extended at about 6½ cents the pound ($2,156.18 or thereabouts) instead of the $5,165.60 written — but that is a proposal, not a reading, and the figure on the page is unmistakably 5165 60. (3) The three sums on this leaf disagree with one another: the footing is $3,369.08, the December receipt is for "Twenty Eight Thousand & Sixty Nine dollars & Eight Cents" ($28,069.08), and the entered extensions add to $6,376.58. The receipt's sum is an order of magnitude larger than this sheet and must cover a settlement of several accounts, of which this leaf is one; it is transcribed as written and no reconciliation is proposed. The word read "Thousand" was checked at maximum magnification and is a looped "Th" followed by "ousand"; "hundred" was considered and rejected. (4) Two receipts stand on the leaf — "Received Payment Novr 24/61" over the firm's name, and the fuller December 6 receipt — in different hands and inks; the $500.00 difference between $3,369.08 and $2,869.08 is noted only because it would fit a part payment, and no such figure appears on the sheet. (5) W. R. Hunt signs the certificate in his own hand as Ordnance Officer C.S.A., and is the officer named in the December receipt — consistent with the 1861 pattern for this file. (6) "Bormann fuze" and "Wood fuze" are both clearly written; the first is the Belgian Bormann time fuze, the second an ordinary wooden fuze. (7) "S. C. Shot" is spherical-case shot. (8) The 12-pdr figures in the shot lines were first read as 13 and corrected on magnification to 12, which the per-piece weights confirm (2568 ÷ 214 = 12; 4080 ÷ 340 = 12). (9) The canister quantity's final digit is worn; 6410 is read, and the extension supports it. (10) Faint pencil writing runs vertically down the extreme left margin and is illegible at this resolution. (11) Docket pairing: the docket filmed in the lower half of image 65 belongs to THIS account, not to the one it is filmed beside. It reads "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT ... With Quinby & Robinson ... 1861 ... $3,369.08 ... State Bank ... Correct W.R.H." — the same figure as this footing, the same year, and the same officer who signs the certificate here. Image 67, the nearer docket, matches image 68 instead. This is the clearest demonstration in the range that the dockets are not filmed beside the accounts they answer.
Image 67 — Printed docket, ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, Memphis, Quinby & Robinson, "No Voucher 999," $145.67, marked "Correct"
A landscape frame (1600 x 990 px) showing a folded docket laid open, four panels wide, on faintly blue-lined ledger paper. Only the second panel from the left carries anything; the rest is blank but for scattered foxing spots along the bottom edge and a small square microfilm "13" mark at the lower right. The printed matter is a single bold roman line, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," with a printed manuscript-style "Memphis" line below it running to a printed "186" and a dotted leader for the date, which is left unfilled. Above the printed heading the firm's name is written large in a bold flowing hand and ruled under; below it, in a much finer and paler hand, the voucher number. The amount is written in the middle of the panel in the bold hand, the cents raised and underscored in the usual way. Below that, in pencil or very pale ink, the word "Correct" with an initial after it. Across the lower part of the panel is the oval handstamp "RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT," struck grey and unevenly, with a star at each side. A heavy vertical fold runs down each side of the written panel.
Quinby & Robinson
------------------------
No Voucher 9 9 9
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis .............................. 186
$ 1[4?]5 67[?]
-------------------------
Correct [initial, H?]
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: One figure only, and no quantities or rates. No arithmetic to prove on the sheet itself.
Flagged: (1) Docket pairing: this docket answers the account on image 68, not the account on image 66. Image 68 is an ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT—MEMPHIS account to Quinby & Robinson footing $145.67 and receipted at Memphis; this docket names Memphis, names the firm, and carries a figure whose digits are consistent with 145 and 67. Image 66, the other neighbour, foots at $3,369.08 and does not match. The pairing with image 68 is offered as probable and rests on place, payee and figure; the docket carries no date of its own to test. (2) The amount was read before image 68 was opened and was first taken as "$115 64"; on re-examination the second digit is a tall two-stroke figure consistent with a 4 in this hand, and the raised cents as 67. It is transcribed with the doubt marked rather than silently made to fit the neighbouring account. (3) "No Voucher 999" is a manuscript voucher number, written in a lighter ink than the firm's name; the three figures are alike and are read 9-9-9. There is no printed form number on this docket. (4) The date blank after "Memphis" is empty, and the printed "186" has no year added, so the docket cannot be dated from its own face. (5) The word after "Correct" is a single flourished initial, most like an H, but it is not legible enough to attribute to W. R. Hunt with confidence.
Image 68 — Printed billhead ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT—MEMPHIS / CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, to Messrs Quinby & Robinson, 22 February 1862: zinc cups, spider castings, cylinder gauges and one aether retort; $145.67; receipted at Memphis 10 March 1862; marked (SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
A tall single leaf (999 x 1600 px) of white wove paper, ruled with six light vertical money columns running the full depth. The printing at the head is in three parts: a letterspaced roman line "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.", a small typographic ornament, and then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in large shaded outline capitals. Below that a manuscript "To Messrs Quinby & Robinson Dr." and the date underscored at the left margin. Only four item lines are used; the rest of the sheet is blank ruled paper down to the printed certificate and receipt at the foot, which are set in small italic and blackletter. The account hand is a fluent, rounded, confident hand in black ink — a different and larger hand than the fine clerk of images 64-66 — with ink check-marks at the left of each line. A short note in a second, smaller hand stands in the left margin against the second line. Two horizontal folds cross the sheet, and the paper is clean, with a few small foxing spots down the left edge and small square microfilm "13" marks at the head and at mid-sheet. No handstamps.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
- . - . -
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Messrs Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Feby 22 1862
------------------------------------------------------------------
✓ | 20549[?] Zinc Cups 241½ lbs 45 | 108 | 67 |
[Iron
Casting]✓| 61 Spider Castings 70 lbs 10 | 7 | 00 |
✓ | 2 Cylinder Guages | 15 | 00 |
✓ | 1 Retort Aether[?] Bowen[?] | 15 | 00 | $145 67
I certify that the above have been received
J E Logwood M.S.K.
p'r [illegible signature]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..........
[blank, unsigned]
Received, Memphis Mch 10th 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. One hundred & forty five 67/100 Dollars.
in full of the above account
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: 241½ lb of zinc cups at 45 cents = $108.675, entered as $108.67 — the clerk truncates the half cent rather than rounding it up, exactly as he does on image 66. 70 lb of spider castings at 10 cents = $7.00 — matches. The two gauges and the retort are entered at $15.00 each with no rate to prove. Footing: 108.67 + 7.00 + 15.00 + 15.00 = $145.67, which is exactly the figure carried out, and exactly the sum written out in the receipt ("One hundred & forty five 67/100 Dollars"). Proves exactly at $145.67, carrying the clerk's half-cent truncation.
Flagged: (1) Docket pairing: the docket on image 67 belongs to this account. Both name Memphis, both name Quinby & Robinson, and the docket's figure reads as 145 and 67 against this sheet's $145.67. The docket carries no date, so the match rests on place, payee and figure; on those it holds. Image 69 is the other neighbour and is tested in its own entry. (2) The retort line is the single most interesting item on the sheet and the hardest to read. "Retort" is certain. The next word is six letters beginning with a capital A and running A-e-t-h-e-r; "Aether" is the reading, with "Arthur" considered and thought less likely from the letter forms. The word after it reads "Bowen". Whether the line means an aether retort supplied for a man named Bowen, or a retort for a person named Aether Bowen, cannot be settled from the page. The file is known elsewhere to contain a retort for a Greek fire experiment and zinc drawn for making shell for liquid fire, and both this retort and the zinc cups on the line above would sit naturally in that work — but that is a proposal from outside the sheet, and nothing of it has been carried into the transcription. (3) The zinc-cup quantity is a five-figure number written small and fast; 20549 is the reading and the final three figures are firm, the first two less so. The count cannot be tested against the weight, because the cups are priced by the pound. (4) The margin note against the spider-castings line reads as "Iron Casting" in a second hand; it is faint and is marked uncertain. (5) The store-keeper's certificate is again J. E. Logwood, M.S.K., but signed for him here by a different clerk from the D. T. Saffarrans of images 62 and 65; that second signature could not be read. (6) The ordnance officer's printed certificate is again left blank and unsigned, though W. R. Hunt is named as the paying officer in the receipt. (7) The printed "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)" means a duplicate of this voucher was executed; compare the printed "(DUPLICATE.)" on image 62. (8) "Guages" is the clerk's spelling and stands. (9) "Spider castings" are the spider or bracket castings of machinery, not an ordnance store.
Image 69 — Printed docket, ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, Memphis, Quinby & Robinson, "No. Voucher 999," $53.99, marked "Correct"
A landscape frame (1600 x 1001 px) showing a folded docket laid open, the twin of image 67 — same printed form, same blue-lined ledger stock, same hand, same layout, and only the amount different. Four panels are visible; only the second from the right carries writing. Heavy vertical folds separate the panels and the paper is slightly cockled along them. Down the extreme right edge is a strong mirrored show-through of another sheet's printed heading, in large capitals, reading backwards as ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT with more matter below it. The oval handstamp "RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT" is struck across the lower half of the written panel, here crisper than on the other dockets in the range, with a star at each side. A large flourished ink mark stands just above the stamp. Two small square microfilm "13" marks appear in the blank left-hand panels. Scattered foxing along the bottom edge; no tears.
Quinby & Robinson
------------------------
No. Voucher 9 9 9
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis .............................. 186
$ 53 99
-------------------------
Correct [initial, H?]
[large flourished ink mark, like "08"]
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION
REBEL ARCHIVES
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[mirrored show-through down the right edge: ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT ...]
Checks: One figure only, $53.99, with no quantity, rate or extension. No arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) Docket pairing: this docket does NOT answer its filmed neighbour. Image 68, immediately before it, is the Memphis account footing $145.67, and that account is already answered by the docket on image 67. $53.99 matches nothing in images 60-69. The account this docket belongs to must lie outside this range — most likely at image 70 or beyond, which has not been examined here. It is flagged where it stands and not forced onto any sheet in this range. (2) This docket and the one on image 67 both read "No. Voucher 999" in the same hand — two dockets, one voucher number, two different sums ($145.67 and $53.99). Both numbers were magnified and re-read. The duplication is recorded, not explained. Taken with the pair of dockets on images 61 and 63, which likewise share one pair of numbers (1061 and 1092) across two different sums, the numbering on the dockets in this range cannot be relied on to identify an account. (3) The amount's first figure is a broad double-looped stroke read as 5, the second as 3, and the raised cents as 99 — the same glyph the clerk uses three times in the voucher number just above, which supports the reading. (4) The date line is blank and the printed "186" carries no year, so this docket cannot be dated from its own face. (5) The word after "Correct" is the same flourished single initial as on image 67, most like an H; it is not legible enough to attribute to W. R. Hunt with confidence. (6) The heavy mirrored show-through at the right edge is another document's printed heading pressed against this one in the file, not part of this sheet.
Image 70 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis, Feby 1862: castings, copper bars and a wrought-iron shaft; $243.99, receipted 16 March 1862
A single upright leaf (filmed 989 x 1600), a commercial printed billhead with the head "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." over a small ornamental rule and, in outline display capitals, "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA". Faint blue-ruled horizontal lines run the full height and four vertical money rules divide the right third; the ruling continues down through a large blank area below the entries, so the account occupies only the top fifth of the sheet. At the foot is the printed certification and receipt block, ending "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)". The writing is a clean, well-formed commercial clerk's hand in dark iron-gall ink, with a second, heavier hand for the receipt signature. A light horizontal tone band crosses the sheet at about mid-height (an old fold), and a second faint band runs through the entry block. In the upper-left corner, partly over the film edge, is a small cluster of very faint pencil figures; a further faint pencil computation sits in the empty middle of the sheet. A small pencil bracket or box stands in the left margin opposite the fourth entry. Scattered small dark specks (foxing/emulsion flecks) run down the left edge. The film's black masking encroaches on the left and right edges but costs no text.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Feby 1862
| | 1374 " Castings 6½ 89 31
20 | 9 Copper Bars 30 " 80 24 00
| | 1272 " Castings 6½ 82 68
| | 1 Wrot Iron Shaft 480 lb 10 48 00 243 99
The above has been Received
at C. S. Machine Shop
Geo W Grader[?]
Sup t[?]
[faint pencil, centre of sheet:] 2646
[ ]
271[?]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..........
[line left blank]
Received, Memphis, Mch 16th 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Two hundred Forty Three 99/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $243.99. 1374 lb x 6½¢ = $89.31; 30 lb x 80¢ = $24.00; 1272 lb x 6½¢ = $82.68; 480 lb x 10¢ = $48.00. 89.31 + 24.00 + 82.68 + 48.00 = 243.99, which is the figure carried to the outer column and the sum written out in the receipt ("Two hundred Forty Three 99/100"). The faint pencil "2646" in the middle of the sheet is 1374 + 1272, i.e. the two casting lines combined; at 6½¢ that is $171.99, and 171.99 + 24.00 + 48.00 = 243.99, so the pencil appears to be an auditor re-proving the bill. The digits below the pencil "2646" are too faint to read with confidence and are not relied on.
Flagged: The receiving officer's surname at "Geo W Grader" is uncertain — the capital G is clear but the following letters could support Grader, Greder or Gruder; the office beneath abbreviates to "Sup t" (Superintendent) with a flourish. The 1374 in the first line is written with a crossed 7 that at first reading could be taken for a second 4; the arithmetic (x 6½ = 89.31) and the pencil sum 2646 both fix it as 1374. The rate for the shaft, "10", is written into the left edge of the money column rather than in the rate column, so the shaft's rate and extension crowd one another. The printed certification line above the receipt was left entirely blank — nobody filled in the certified amount — while the receipt below is fully executed. The receipting officer's initials read as a doubled loop before "R Hunt"; this is consistent with W. R. Hunt, the Memphis ordnance officer through this period, but the capital is a flourish rather than a clean W. The pencil in the upper-left corner includes what appears to be "1374" but is too broken to transcribe. No docket on this sheet.
Image 71 — Printed docket (endorsement panel) of an Ordnance Department voucher, Memphis: Quinby & Robinson, No. Voucher 999, $95[?] 80
Filmed landscape (1600 x 997): the outside of a folded voucher, laid open so that most of the frame is the blank, faintly blue-ruled back of the sheet and only the right-hand third carries the endorsement panel. Two vertical fold creases are visible, one at about two-thirds across and one near the right edge, and the panel sits between them. The panel is a printed docket form — a heavy rule, the firm's name written above it in a fine light hand, "No. Voucher ......" in the same light hand with the number filled in boldly, then the printed display line "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold gothic capitals, then a printed "................ 186 ." dateline with "Memphis" written in at the left and the year left unfinished, then a printed "$ ................" line with the amount written in, and a closing rule below. Beneath the closing rule is a very faint pencil or offset flourish. In the lower half of the panel, printed across the blank paper and inverted (rotated 180 degrees to the docket writing), is the oval Record Division handstamp; a second, much larger and fainter oval outline with four stars at the compass points overlaps it. Ink throughout is pale grey-brown and rubbed; the film's black masking frames the sheet top and bottom. Small pencil register marks sit in the blank field at left and at the extreme right edge.
Quinby & Robinson
______________________________________________
No. Voucher 999
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis ................................ 186 .
$ 95[?] 80
______________________________________________
[very faint: C____ [illegible] flourish,
probably offset from the facing sheet]
[oval handstamp, inverted:]
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[centre illegible]
REBEL ARCHIVES.
RECORD DIVISION.
Checks: No account figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The only figure is the docket amount, $95[?].80.
Flagged: This docket does NOT belong to the account filmed beside it. Image 70 is an account for $243.99, receipted 16 March 1862; this docket carries $95[?].80. The figures do not match, and the docket's dateline was left blank ("Memphis ......... 186 .") so no date test is possible; the place, Memphis, is the only element the two share. Voucher No. 999 therefore cannot be attached to the p0070 account on the evidence of these two frames. It most plausibly belongs to the account on image 72, which totals $92.80 — the only sum ending in .80 anywhere in images 70-79, and, on the pattern established later in the range (images 73/74, 75/76, 78/79), dockets here are filmed one frame BEFORE the account they answer. The dollars digit will not confirm it, so the pairing is offered as the likeliest reading, not as proved. The dollars figure is the weakest reading on the sheet: the two digits are looped and rubbed, and 95 and 93 are both defensible; after image 74 showed that these clerks write an open-topped 8 that reads as a long-s 5, 98 must be added to the candidates. The cents, 80, are written as a superscript and are clear. The faint line under the closing rule is too broken to read — it may be an offset impression from the sheet that faced it in the file rather than writing on this leaf. The Record Division oval is impressed upside down relative to the docket; the large four-star oval overlapping it carries no legible lettering at this resolution.
Image 72 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis, 22 Feby 1862: 64-pdr and 32-pdr shell; $92.80, receipted 10 March 1862
A single upright leaf (filmed 1002 x 1600) on the same printed billhead as image 70 — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." over an ornamental rule, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in outline display capitals, faint blue horizontal ruling and four vertical money rules, with the printed certification and receipt block at the foot ending "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)". Only the top eighth of the sheet is written on; the rest is empty ruled paper. The hand is the same clean commercial clerk's hand as image 70, in dark ink; the receipting signature is a second, heavier hand. A very faint pale blot or emulsion flaw sits over the "64" in the first entry line without obscuring it. Small dark specks (foxing) run down the left margin at intervals, and the film's black masking crowds the left and right edges. The paper is clean and unfolded apart from a faint vertical tone line down the right third.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Feby 22/62
| 24, 64 " Shell 1536 " 5 76 80
| 10 32 " " 320 " 5 16 00
The Above have been Received $ 92 80
at Laboratory A. C. Wurzbach
Supt
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..........
[line left blank]
Received, Memphis, Mch 10th 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Ninety Two 80/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $92.80. The weights prove first: 24 shell x 64 lb = 1536 lb, and 10 shell x 32 lb = 320 lb, both as written. 1536 lb x 5¢ = $76.80; 320 lb x 5¢ = $16.00. 76.80 + 16.00 = 92.80, the figure in the outer column and the sum written out in the receipt ("Ninety Two 80/100").
Flagged: The laboratory receiver signs "A. C. Wurzbach" over "Supt"; the surname is legible letter by letter but the z carries a long descender that could also be read as a long s, so Wurzbach is offered with that reservation. The certification line above the receipt is again left blank, as on image 70 — only the receipt is executed. The receipting officer's initials read as the same flourished capital before "R Hunt" seen on image 70, consistent with W. R. Hunt. Docket test against the preceding sheet: image 71 is a docket for Voucher 999 at $9?.80 in a different, lighter hand; the cents agree with this account's 80 and the place agrees (Memphis), but the docket's second dollar digit is a tall looped form quite unlike the plain 2 this clerk writes in "92", and the docket's dateline is blank, so the pairing cannot be confirmed on the figures. It is a possible but unproved match, and it is filmed before this account rather than after it. No docket is attached to this frame itself.
Image 73 — Printed docket (endorsement panel) of an Ordnance Department voucher, Memphis, 21 Feby 1862: Quinby & Robinson, No. Voucher 999, $1088.00, with a pencil tally of several accounts
Filmed landscape (1600 x 981): again the outside of a folded voucher opened flat, the left two-thirds blank blue-ruled paper and the endorsement panel in the right third between two fold creases. The printed docket form is identical to image 71 — heavy rule, "No. Voucher ......", the bold gothic "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT", a "................ 186 ." dateline, a "$ ................" line, and a closing rule. Here the dateline is filled in, in a large flowing hand that overruns the printed "DEPARTMENT" above it. Below the closing rule the panel carries, in a lighter hand, an endorsement "Correct" with a heavily looped capital and a long lassoing flourish, and beneath that a pencil date and two pencil columns of figures — one small column at the left, one longer column at the right which lists several account totals and rules off to a sum. The oval Record Division handstamp is struck across the lower panel with its long axis vertical, its lettering running bottom-to-top; two of its four stars are visible. A small dark hole or blot pierces the blank leaf at the upper right. The film's black masking frames the sheet, with a triangular notch of mask intruding at the lower left. Faint dark specks run along the lower edge.
Quinby & Robinson
______________________________________________
No. Voucher 999
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis Feby 21 1862
$ 1088 00
______________________________________________
Correct H[?] [long flourish]
[pencil:] Mch [illegible] 6/2
1088[?]
65[?]
------
4?[illegible]
1088
243 99
92 80
1 46 67[?]
6[illegible]
----------
[?]62 46[?]
[oval handstamp, struck sideways:]
WAR DEPARTMENT.
REBEL ARCHIVES.
RECORD DIVISION.
Checks: The docket's own figure is $1088.00; there is no account on this sheet to prove it against. The pencil column at the right cannot be proved as it stands: the first three entries read 1088, 243 99 and 92 80, but the fourth entry and a fifth short entry beneath it are broken by the handstamp, and the leading digits of the ruled-off total are lost under the same stamp. 1088.00 + 243.99 + 92.80 = 1424.79 with the legible entries alone, which is not the visible tail of the total (...62 46), so at least one further addend is present and unread. No sum on this sheet is proved.
Flagged: Two things in the pencil column are worth recording exactly, because they are figures from this range: 243 99 is the total of the account on image 70, and 92 80 is the total of the account on image 72. Whoever wrote this column was tallying several Quinby & Robinson accounts together on the back of this docket, which is a reason the dockets in this stretch are not filmed beside the accounts they answer. Docket test: this docket is dated Memphis, Feby 21 1862 for $1088.00; the account filmed immediately before it, image 72, is dated Feby 22/62 for $92.80. The date is one day earlier and the amount is nearly twelve times larger, so this docket does not answer image 72. Nor does it answer image 70 ($243.99). This docket carries the same voucher number, 999, as the docket on image 71, which shows a different amount ($9?.80) — either one of the two numbers is misread, or the number was reused, and neither can be settled from these frames. The endorsement below the rule reads "Correct" followed by a looped capital that could be H or a monogram; the same endorsement, in the same hand, appears on image 71, where it is fainter. The pencil date beneath it reads "Mch" followed by a superscript abbreviation and a figure group written as 6 over 2 — probably March 1862, but the day is not legible. The small left-hand pencil column (three lines, ruled off) is too faint to transcribe. CORRECTED AFTER READING IMAGE 74: the two middle digits, which look like long-s form fives, are open-topped eights — the account on image 74 totals 363.00 + 366.00 + 359.00 = $1088 and is receipted in words as "One thousand & eighty eight". This docket is therefore for $1088.00, and it DOES answer the account on image 74: same amount, same place, docket dated Feby 21 1862, the day after the last item on that account was delivered. It is filmed one frame before that account rather than after it.
Image 74 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis, Feby 1862: three 12-pdr cannon cast for the Ordnance Department; $1088, receipted 10 March 1862
A single upright leaf (filmed 995 x 1600) on the same "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS. / CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" billhead, with the printed certification and receipt block at the foot. Three entry lines and a four-line certificate occupy the top eighth; the rest of the ruled field is empty. The entry hand is the same fine commercial hand as images 70 and 72; the certificate below it is in a lighter, more sloping hand with a long lassoing flourish under the first signature; the receipt is again in the heavier hand. A large ornamental loop rises above the "Feby 1862" heading. The paper is clean, with faint dark specks down the left margin, a small ragged chip of film mask intruding on the left edge at about two-thirds height, and a light vertical tone line down the sheet. Small pencil register marks sit in the empty field and below the closing rule.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Feby 1862
14 | 1 12 Pdr Cannon 3630 " 10 363 00
18 | 1 12 " " 3660 " 10 366 00
20 | 1 12 " Cannon 3590 " 10 359 00
$ 1088
I certify that the above has been received
E Ly[illegible]
p[e]r J W B[r]anch[?]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..........
[line left blank]
Received, Memphis, Mch 10th 186 2 of W R Hunt ——
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. One thousand & eighty eight —— /100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $1088. 3630 lb x 10¢ = $363.00; 3660 lb x 10¢ = $366.00; 3590 lb x 10¢ = $359.00. 363.00 + 366.00 + 359.00 = 1088.00, which is the figure carried below the entries and the sum written out in the receipt ("One thousand & eighty eight"). No cents are entered; the printed /100 space on the receipt line is filled with a dash.
Flagged: IMPORTANT CORRECTION TO IMAGE 73. The two middle digits of the total here are written as open-topped eights that read at first glance as long-s fives; the arithmetic (363 + 366 + 359) and the receipt written out in words both prove the figure is 1088, not 1055. The docket on image 73 carries the same figure in the same open-topped form, and my reading of it there as "$1055.00" should be read as $1088.00; the first line of the pencil tally on that docket is likewise 1088. This makes image 73 the docket for THIS account: docket $1088.00, dated Memphis Feby 21 1862, against an account for $1088 whose last entry is dated Feby 20 and which was receipted at Memphis on 10 March 1862 — amount identical, place identical, docket date the day after the last item was delivered. That is a match, and it is the only figure match found so far in this run. The name of the first certifying signer cannot be read: the surname begins with a clear "Ly" and then runs into a string of undifferentiated arches ending in a looped ascender and two m-strokes; nothing in it is firm enough to propose. The countersignature reads "p[e]r J W B" followed by what is most likely "ranch" (Branch), but the letters are thin and an alternative reading of the third letter as z cannot be excluded; it is NOT the "A. C. Wurzbach" of image 72 — the two signatures were compared side by side and differ throughout. The rate column shows "10" on all three lines; on the second and third the two digits are close enough to read as 11, but 11¢ would not produce the extensions written, so 10 is correct. The dates 14, 18 and 20 in the day column are all under the single "Feby 1862" heading.
Image 75 — Printed docket of an Ordnance Department voucher, Memphis, No. Voucher 999, $75.—, endorsed with Brig. Gen. Alex. P. Stewart's certificate from Head Qurs. Fort Columbus, 22 Feby 1862
Filmed landscape (1600 x 987): the outside of a folded voucher opened flat. The blank blue-ruled back fills the left half; the printed endorsement panel occupies the centre-right between fold creases, and a further blank panel lies at the right edge. The docket form is the same as images 71 and 73 — rule, "No. Voucher ......", bold gothic "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT", a "................ 186 ." dateline with "Memphis" written in and the year unfinished, a "$ ................" line, and a closing rule. Below the closing rule, filling the panel, is a nine-line manuscript certificate in a small, very even, sloping hand quite unlike any other hand in this range, signed and titled. The oval Record Division handstamp is struck on the right-hand panel, rotated so its lettering runs bottom-to-top, with two stars visible; it is well clear of the writing. Scattered fine dark specks lie across the whole sheet and cluster along the bottom edge. A small pencil register box sits beside the voucher number and another in the certificate text. The film's black masking frames the sheet top, bottom and sides.
Quinby & Robinson
______________________________________________
No. Voucher 999
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis ................................ 186 .
$ 75 —
______________________________________________
Head Qurs. Fort Columbus
Feby. 22d 1862.
Messrs. Quinby & Robinson had
work done on several Field Bat
teries at this Post, by a special order
of mine dated Sep. 27. 1861 — I
being, at the time, Major & Chief of
Arty. at Columbus.
Alex. P. Stewart
Brig. Genl. C. S. A.
[oval handstamp, struck sideways, on the right panel:]
WAR DEPARTMENT.
REBEL ARCHIVES.
RECORD DIVISION.
Checks: The only figure on the sheet is the docket amount, $75.— (written with a dash for the cents). There is no account here to prove it against, and no figures in the certificate — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: This is the third consecutive docket in this range numbered "No. Voucher 999" (images 71, 73, 75) carrying three different amounts — $9?.80, $1088.00 and $75.—. Either the same number was written on a batch of vouchers as a group or file reference, or one of the readings is wrong; the three 9s are clearly formed on images 73 and 75 and I can find no ground to read any of them differently. This should be resolved against the rest of the roll before the number is relied on. Docket test: this docket ($75.—, place Memphis, year left blank) does not match the account filmed before it on image 74 ($1088, Feby 1862), nor image 72 ($92.80), nor image 70 ($243.99). Its certificate, however, is dated at Fort Columbus on Feby 22d 1862, the same day as the account on image 72 — a date coincidence only, since the amounts are unrelated. In the certificate the firm's name is written with a run of arches that could be read either Quinby or Quimby; the file and the docket heading above both give Quinby, and that is what is transcribed. The place named is Fort Columbus, and the writer states he was Major and Chief of Artillery at Columbus when he gave the special order of Sep. 27. 1861 — this is a Kentucky, not a Tennessee, place, and it is the only non-Memphis location in this range. The signature "Alex. P. Stewart, Brig. Genl. C. S. A." is fully legible. The year on the printed dateline was left unfilled; a small ink mark follows "186" but is not a figure.
Image 76 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis, 30 Octob 1861: sending a man with material to work on batteries at Columbus; $75.00, receipted 10 March 1862
A single upright leaf (filmed 989 x 1600) on the same "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS. / CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" billhead, with the printed certification and receipt block at the foot. Only two written lines appear, at the very top; the whole rest of the ruled field is blank, so this is the emptiest account sheet in the range. The hand is the same fine commercial hand as images 70, 72 and 74; the receipt is in the heavier hand. The paper is clean and flat. Fine dark specks and foxing spots are scattered down the left margin and across the middle of the sheet, and two small pencil register boxes sit at the right-hand edge of the ruled field. The film's black masking crowds both side edges and the foot.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
Octob 30 | Sending Man to Columbus
" " | With Material to work on Batteries 75 00
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..........
[line left blank]
Received, Memphis, Mch 10th 186 2 of W R Hunt ——
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Seventy five ———— /100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves at $75.00, but by identity rather than by extension: the account is a single charge with no quantity and no rate, entered once in the money column as 75 00 and written out in the receipt as "Seventy five". There is nothing to multiply and no footing to add.
Flagged: This account and the docket on image 75 answer one another, and the pairing is the strongest in this range. The docket reads $75.— and carries Brig. Gen. Alex. P. Stewart's certificate that Quinby & Robinson "had work done on several Field Batteries at this Post" at Fort Columbus under his special order of Sep. 27. 1861; this account charges $75.00 for "Sending Man to Columbus / With Material to work on Batteries" on 30 Octob 1861. Amount, subject and place all agree. Note that they are filmed the wrong way round — the docket at image 75 comes one frame BEFORE the account it answers, the same displacement seen with images 73 and 74. The certification line above the receipt is again blank. The account is the only sheet in this range dated in 1861; the receipt, like those on images 72 and 74, is dated Mch 10th 1862, so three separate accounts were settled together on that day.
Image 77 — Outside (endorsement panel) of a folded document: "Maj A P Stewart / Special Orders" — no place, no date, no figures
A single large leaf (filmed 1156 x 1600), plain unruled paper, filmed as the blank outside of a document folded twice: a horizontal crease runs across the sheet a little above the middle and a second across the lower third, with a vertical crease down the centre, dividing the sheet into six panels whose edges catch the light. The top edge is torn or trimmed unevenly and the film's black mask cuts into the upper-left corner, clipping the first word of the endorsement. The endorsement itself sits in the top-left panel in two lines of a broad, confident hand, finished with a long horizontal flourish beneath. The oval Record Division handstamp is struck in the left-centre panel, rotated so its lettering runs bottom-to-top; two stars and most of the outer legend are legible, the inner lines much fainter. There is no other writing anywhere on the sheet, and no bleed-through from the inside. Small dark specks lie along the lower edge, and a triangular sliver of film mask intrudes at the lower right.
[Ma]j A P Stewart
Special Orders
____________________
[oval handstamp, struck sideways:]
WAR DEP[ARTMEN]T.
REB[EL] A[RCHIVE]S.
RECORD DIVISION.
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: This is a wrapper or endorsement panel only; the special orders it names are not on this frame, and nothing on the sheet gives a place, a date, a number or an amount. It cannot be docket-tested against its neighbours on figures because it carries none. What can be said is that it belongs with images 75 and 76: image 75 is Brig. Gen. Alex. P. Stewart's certificate reciting "a special order of mine dated Sep. 27. 1861 — I being, at the time, Major & Chief of Arty. at Columbus", and this wrapper is endorsed to him at that earlier rank, "Maj A P Stewart / Special Orders". The three frames are plainly one bundle: the account (image 76), the docket with Stewart's certificate (image 75) and the order it refers to (this wrapper). The first word is clipped by the film mask; enough of the j and its flourish survives to read Maj, but the M and a are lost. The middle initial is written as a single stroke that could be P or R; Stewart's own signature on image 75 gives P, and P is what is read here. Whether the orders themselves were filmed elsewhere on the roll cannot be told from this range.
Image 78 — TWO documents on one frame: (a) Alex. P. Stewart's order to Quinby & Robinson, Memphis, Sep 27/61, sending a workman to Columbus; (b) a printed docket, Memphis, Feby 21 1862, No. Voucher 999, $57.00
A full-plate frame (2550 x 3300) carrying two separate items photographed one above the other with a band of black film mask between them. The upper item is a single leaf of plain unruled paper, filmed at a slight angle, its right-hand edge ragged and its top edge torn; it is written on one side only in a fluent, sloping hand — the same hand as the certificate on image 75 — with the dateline at the upper right and a nine-line body, signed and titled at the lower right. One word in the body is heavily struck through. A scatter of pale foxing spots runs along the lower edge of this leaf. The lower item is the outside of a folded voucher opened flat, blank blue-ruled paper across the left two-thirds and the printed endorsement panel in the right third between fold creases: the familiar docket form (rule, "No. Voucher ......", bold gothic "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT", dateline, "$ ......" line, closing rule) with a light-hand endorsement below the rule and the oval Record Division handstamp struck beneath it, rotated so its lettering runs bottom-to-top. Faint pale specks run along the foot of this leaf, and small pencil register marks sit at the right edge.
[UPPER ITEM — the order]
Memphis Sep 27/61
Messrs. Quinby & Robinson
I wish you to send a workman
to Columbus, this evening; prepared to ream out the vents
of some field guns, to put on the seats of Pendulum
Hausses, and if possible to supply Capt. R. A. Stewart
with screw bolts & nuts ~~for~~ which are missing in a
12 Pdr. Howitzer Caissow.
Respy.
Alex. P. Stewart
Major Arty.
[LOWER ITEM — the docket]
Quinby & Robinson
______________________________________________
No. Voucher 999
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis Feby 21 1862
$ 57 00
______________________________________________
Correct[?] H[?] [long flourish]
[oval handstamp, struck sideways:]
WAR DEPARTMENT.
REBEL ARCHIVES.
RECORD DIVISION.
Checks: The order carries no figures. The docket's only figure is $57.00. There is no account on this frame — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: The two items on this frame do not answer one another. The order is dated Memphis, Sep 27/61 and is the very special order that Stewart's certificate on image 75 recites ("a special order of mine dated Sep. 27. 1861"); it is therefore the third piece of the bundle whose other parts are the $75.00 account (image 76) and the $75.— docket (image 75), and its wrapper is image 77. The docket filmed beneath it is dated Memphis, Feby 21 1862 for $57.00 — five months later and a different sum — and answers no account in this range: the accounts here total $243.99, $92.80, $1088 and $75.00. Its account must lie outside images 70-79. Note also that this is the second docket in the range dated "Memphis Feby 21 1862" and numbered 999, the other being image 73 at $1088.00; two dockets of the same number and the same date carry different amounts, which puts the number 999 beyond use as an identifier here. "Caissow" is written exactly so, with a w, and is left uncorrected. The struck-through word before "which" reads "for". "Hausses" is the pendulum hausse rear sight; the writer's spelling is retained. The endorsement under the docket rule reads as "Correct" with a looped capital after it, the same endorsement and hand as images 71 and 73, but only about four letter-forms are distinguishable between the C and the flourish, so the expansion is not certain. Capt. R. A. Stewart is named in the order and is a different man from the writer, Alex. P. Stewart.
Image 79 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis, 22 Feby 1862: 95 rounds of 12-pdr spherical case; $57.00, receipted 10 March 1862
A single upright leaf (filmed 988 x 1600) on the same "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS. / CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" billhead, with the printed certification and receipt block at the foot. One entry line and a three-line laboratory receipt occupy the top; the whole ruled field below is empty. The entry hand is the fine commercial hand of images 70, 72, 74 and 76; the laboratory receipt is in the same hand as image 72 and is signed by the same man; the money receipt at the foot is in the heavier hand. Ink is noticeably paler and greyer on this sheet than on its neighbours, and the entry line is the faintest writing in the range. The paper is clean; small foxing specks run down the left margin, several small pencil register boxes sit in the empty ruled field, and the film's black masking crowds both sides.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Feby 22/62
| 95 12 " Spherical Cased[?] 1140 5 57 00
The Above have been received
at Laboratory A. C. Wurzbach
Supt
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..........
[line left blank]
Received, Memphis, Mch 10th 186 2 of W R Hunt ——
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Fifty Seven ———— /100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $57.00. The weight proves first: 95 rounds x 12 lb = 1140 lb, as written. 1140 lb x 5¢ = $57.00, the only extension on the sheet and the sum written out in the receipt ("Fifty Seven"). There is no footing to add, the account having a single line.
Flagged: The docket filmed on the lower half of image 78 answers this account: docket $57.00, Memphis, No. Voucher 999, against this account for $57.00 at Memphis, receipted there on 10 March 1862. The amounts agree exactly and $57.00 occurs nowhere else in this range. The dates do not sit comfortably — the docket is dated Feby 21 1862 and the account Feby 22/62, so the docket is a day earlier than the bill it endorses — but on the amount the pairing is secure. As with images 73/74 and 75/76, the docket is filmed BEFORE its account, not after it. The word after "Spherical" is written with a clear terminal d, giving "Cased"; the ordnance term is spherical case, and "Case" is what the clerk presumably meant, but the letter is there and is not corrected. The item is entered as "12 "", the ditto standing for pounds as it does on image 72, so these are 12-pounder spherical case shot at 12 lb each. The laboratory receipt is signed by the same A. C. Wurzbach who signed image 72, in the same hand, with the same "Supt" beneath; the surname carries the same long z-descender and the same reservation applies. The certification line above the money receipt is blank, as on every account sheet in this range.
Image 80 — Docket (wrapper endorsement), Ordnance Department, 1861: No. 326, $1222 34/100, approved by W. R. Hunt
The outside of a folded paper wrapper, filmed flat and lying on its side across the frame (1600 x 1279), so that three panels show: a wide blank left panel, the written middle panel, and a narrower blank right panel. The two vertical folds are sharp and grey with handling. All the writing sits on the middle panel, running with the fold, in a large free hand in black ink now faded to grey-brown; the printed words "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," and the two dotted rules and the printed "186" date line are engraved head-of-wrapper matter, the "1" of 1861 supplied in ink. Two heavy ink blots, one long and tadpole-shaped, sit near the top of the left panel, with faint show-through of writing from the inner face along the extreme left edge. Near the foot of the middle panel is the oval purple-black War Department handstamp, struck lightly and partly filled by a large ink check-mark and by the tail of Hunt's rubric. There is no tear or loss; the paper is clean apart from scattered specks and a small pencil "3" at the lower right edge of the frame.
No. 326.
C S A
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT,
With Quinby & Robinson
......................................... 1861.
______________________________________
34
$ 1222 ——
O K [initials, illegible]
Approved for ————————————
Twelve hundred & twenty
two 34/100 Dolls
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg Conf[?] Arsenal
[oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION,
* (REBEL ARCHIVES) *
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: The docket carries only the one figure, and it proves against its own words: the numeral "$1222 34/100" is written out in the approval as "Twelve hundred & twenty two 34/100 Dolls." Numeral and words agree exactly, so this is $1,222.34 and not any of the readings the open-topped 8 could otherwise invite. There is no account on this sheet, so there are no extensions or footing to test here.
Flagged: The clerk's "8" trap does not bite on this sheet, because the sum is written out; but note that had the words been absent, the second and third digits are formed alike and could have been argued to 1288 — the words settle it at 1222.34. The rank line under Hunt's signature is the least certain reading on the page: "Majr Comdg" is plain, the last word is plainly "Arsenal," and the word between them is a capital-C loop, two minims and a long f, read here as "Conf" for Confederate; it could conceivably be a different abbreviation and is marked doubtful. The faint pale line above "Approved for" is an initialled "O K" in a second, lighter hand; the initials after it are two or three letters I cannot resolve and I will not guess them. No place is named anywhere on the docket, and no month or day — only the printed year 1861 with the terminal "1" inked in — so the sheet dates itself no closer than the year. A large script "C S A" is written across the printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" line, in ink so pale it is easily mistaken for show-through; the same "C S A" in the same position appears on the second docket filmed at the foot of image 81, which confirms the reading. The docket number "No. 326" is written, not printed, and is therefore a real number rather than a form number. Pairing: this wrapper is filmed immediately BEFORE image 81, and the test of its figure, date and place against that neighbour is given under image 81.
Image 81 — TWO documents in one frame: (a) account on an amended "STATE OF TENNESSEE" Ordnance Office billhead, Memphis, receipted 23 Nov 1861, $1,222.34, for 64-, 32- and 24-pdr shot and grape; (b) a second docket, No. 326, $1222 34/100, endorsed "Correct WRH"
The largest and best-exposed frame in this range (2550 x 3300), holding two separate items stacked one above the other with a band of black film masking between them. The upper item is a full upright account sheet, faintly blue-ruled with a single vertical rule down the left and money columns ruled at the right, printed at the head "STATE OF TENNESSEE." in ornamental type — that line has been struck through with a firm double stroke of the pen and "Confederate States of America" written across it in a large flowing hand. Below the strike are the printed "ORDNANCE OFFICE," "Memphis, Tennessee." and "To ______ Dr.," the blank filled with "Quinby & Robinson" in the same large hand, and a small printed "1861." heading the date column at the far left. The entries are in a neat, small, upright commercial hand in black ink; a clerk's fainter pencil has repeated two of the weights ("8640," "6208") in the margin beside the second line as he checked the addition, and every extension carries an inked audit cross in the money column with a second, lighter tick in a column further right. A tear-off notch is missing from the upper right corner and the sheet has a horizontal fold across the middle and a second across the lower third, both grey with wear. The lower item is a folded wrapper shown flat with four panels, all writing on the second panel from the left, in a hand and layout identical to the docket of image 80 but with a shorter endorsement; the oval War Department handstamp is struck very faintly on it, and a large "O. O." is written low on the panel. The left-hand panel of that wrapper carries the ghost of writing from its inner face.
[printed, struck through:] STATE OF TENNESSEE.
[written over it:] Confederate States of America
ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee.
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861.
______________________________________________________________________
To
135 64" Shot 8640"
194 32" " 6208" = 14848" 5 742 40 x /
46 Stands 64" Grape Castings 3209" 5 160 45 x /
76 " 32" " " 2907" 5 2 159 88 x /
37 " 24" " " 1066" 6 63 96 x /
475" Wrot Iron Rings in Grape Stands 16 76 — x /
Putting up 159 Stands Grape 10 15 90 x /
15 Drayages 25 3 75 /
————————
$1,222 34 /
The above articles have been Recd at Arsenal
J E Logwood M S K[?]
p͞r J Morgan[?] Jr
Rec'd of W R Hunt ordnance officer C S A
Twelve hundred & Twenty two 34/100 Dollars in full
of the above a/c
Nov 23. 1861 Quinby & Robinson
I certify that the above — a/c is correct
& will be paid ——
Wm R Hunt Ord Officer
C S A
---------------- second document in the same frame ----------------
No 326
C S A
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT,
With Quinby & Robinson
........................................... 1861.
_______________________________________
34
$ 1222 ——
Correct
W R H
[oval handstamp, faint:]
RECORD DIVISION,
* (REBEL ARCHIVES) *
WAR DEPARTMENT.
O. O.
Checks: Proves exactly at $1,222.34, and the arithmetic settles three of the four digits the clerk's open-topped 8 puts in doubt. The weights prove first: 135 x 64 lb = 8,640 lb, and 194 x 32 lb = 6,208 lb; 8,640 + 6,208 = 14,848 lb, which is the running weight the clerk carries out and extends. The extensions then prove one by one — 14,848 lb x 5¢ = $742.40; 3,209 lb x 5¢ = $160.45; 2,907 lb x 5½¢ = $159.885, entered $159.88; 1,066 lb x 6¢ = $63.96; 475 lb x 16¢ = $76.00; 159 stands x 10¢ = $15.90; 15 drayages x 25¢ = $3.75. The stands also cross-prove: 46 + 76 + 37 = 159, the very number he charges for putting up. Footing: 742.40 + 160.45 + 159.88 + 63.96 + 76.00 + 15.90 + 3.75 = $1,222.34, the figure written. The only rounding anywhere is the half-cent on the 2,907 lb line, dropped in the firm's own disfavour.
Flagged: The 8-trap bites twice on this sheet and is settled both times by arithmetic, not by eye. The running weight in line 2 could be read 14845 as easily as 14848 — 8,640 + 6,208 = 14,848, and 14,848 x 5¢ is the $742.40 written, so it is 14848. The weight of grape castings in line 3 is written with a first digit that looks like an 8 or a 5; at 8,209 lb the extension would be $410.45 and at 5,209 lb $260.45, but the clerk wrote $160.45, which requires 3,209 lb, so it is 3209 — here the trap runs the other way, an open 3 reading as an 8. The rate in line 4 is written as a 5 with a small 2 tucked under it; it can only be 5½¢, because 2,907 x 5½¢ gives the $159.88 charged. The receiving signature at the Arsenal reads "J E Logwood" plainly; the letters after it are a large loop, a long s and a k, read here as M S K (military storekeeper) but marked doubtful. The second name is the least secure reading on the sheet: "p͞r J Morgan Jr" is my best reading, but "J. M. Ryan Jr" and "J. M. Regan Jr" are both defensible from the strokes and I have not resolved it. Hunt signs twice on the account, once in the receipt as "W R Hunt ordnance officer C S A" and once in the certification as "Wm R Hunt Ord Officer C S A" — the certification here is executed, unlike the blank certifications common elsewhere in this file. The place is Memphis, printed; the Arsenal receipt names no town. Docket pairings: BOTH dockets pair with this account, and both pair well. The docket at image 80 is No. 326 for $1222 34/100 with Quinby & Robinson, 1861, approved by W. R. Hunt for "Twelve hundred & twenty two 34/100 Dolls" — the same number, the same firm, the same year and the same sum to the cent as this account, which is receipted in exactly those words on 23 November 1861. It is filmed one frame BEFORE its account, the pattern already seen at images 73/74, 75/76 and 78/79. The second docket, filmed at the foot of this same frame, is likewise No. 326, $1222 34/100, Quinby & Robinson, 1861, marked "Correct W R H." Neither docket names a place, so the place cannot be tested; on number, firm, year and amount both match the account exactly. Two wrappers survive for the one account — the endorsements differ ("Approved for..." over Hunt's full signature on one, "Correct / W R H" on the other), so these are two distinct sheets and not one sheet filmed twice.
Image 82 — Duplicate of the same account, amended "STATE OF TENNESSEE" Ordnance Office billhead, Memphis, receipted 23 Nov 1861, $1,222.34, with Hunt's stores-received certificate added at the foot
An upright leaf filmed alone (956 x 1600), the signed duplicate of the account at image 81. Same printed billhead: the ornamental "STATE OF TENNESSEE." at the head is cancelled, here not by a straight rule but by a dense chain of inked crosses laid right along the line, and "Confederate States of America" is written above and through it in a broad, confident hand with a heavily loaded pen — the initial C is a solid black blot. The printed "ORDNANCE OFFICE," "Memphis, Tennessee." and "To ______ Dr." follow, the blank again filled "Quinby & Robinson," and the printed "1861." heads the date column at the far left. The whole is faintly blue-ruled, both vertically and (very lightly) horizontally. Two horizontal folds cross the sheet, the upper one at the level of the third entry line where the paper has darkened and abraded slightly, and there is a small notch of loss at the right edge on that fold. The entry hand and the receipt hand are those of image 81, but the ink here is blacker and the pen broader, so several strokes have blotted — the "D" of "Drayages," the "&" of "of the above," the "W" of "Wrot." Below the receipt and certification, in the otherwise empty lower half of the sheet, a further certificate is written in a lighter, more sloping hand and signed by Hunt again. Small foxing specks run down the left margin. No handstamp appears on this leaf.
[printed, struck through with a chain of crosses:]
STATE OF TENNESSEE.
[written over it:] Confederate States of America
ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee.
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861.
______________________________________________________________________
To
135 64" Shot 8640" — —
194 32" " 6208" 14848" 5 742 40
46 Stands 64" Grape Castings 3209" 5 160 45
76 " 32" " " 2907" 5 2 159 88
37 " 24" " " " 1066" 6 63 96
475# Wrot Iron Rings & Ties 16 76 00
Putting up 159 Stands Grape 10 15 90
15 Drayages 3 75
————————
$1,222 34
The above articles have been Recd at Arsenal
J E Logwood M S K
p͞r J Morgan[?] Jr
Rec'd of W R Hunt Ordnance Officer C S A
Twelve Hundred & Twenty two 34/100 Dollars, in full
of the above a/c
Nov 23 1861 Quinby & Robinson
I certify that the above — a/c is correct
& will be paid ——
W R Hunt Ord Officer
C S A
I Certify that the above ordnance stores
have been received and accounted for
W. R. Hunt.
Ordnance Officer C. S. A.
Checks: Proves exactly at $1,222.34, on the same arithmetic as image 81 and with one difference in presentation. The weights: 135 x 64 lb = 8,640 lb; 194 x 32 lb = 6,208 lb; 8,640 + 6,208 = 14,848 lb. The extensions: 14,848 x 5¢ = $742.40; 3,209 x 5¢ = $160.45; 2,907 x 5½¢ = $159.885, entered $159.88; 1,066 x 6¢ = $63.96; 475 x 16¢ = $76.00; 159 x 10¢ = $15.90. The drayage line is the difference — here the clerk left the rate column BLANK and wrote only the extension $3.75, where image 81 carries the rate 25. At 15 drayages that implies 25¢ each, and the footing needs the $3.75 either way. Footing: 742.40 + 160.45 + 159.88 + 63.96 + 76.00 + 15.90 + 3.75 = $1,222.34, the figure written and the sum receipted in words as "Twelve Hundred & Twenty two 34/100 Dollars."
Flagged: The two copies of this account are not word-for-word identical, which is worth recording. On image 81 the sixth line reads "475" Wrot Iron Rings in Grape Stands"; on this duplicate the same line, same weight and same rate, reads "475# Wrot Iron Rings & Ties." Both are legible and neither is corrected — the clerk simply described the article differently the second time, and the two together suggest the rings and ties were the ironwork of the grape stands. On image 81 the running weight is written "6208" = 14848""; here the equals sign is absent and the two figures stand side by side. The open-topped 8 is again a live hazard in "8640," "6208," "14848" and "15988," and again the arithmetic settles every one of them: 135 x 64 = 8,640, 194 x 32 = 6,208, their sum 14,848, and 2,907 x 5½¢ = $159.88. The weight of grape castings is written plainly "3209" on this sheet, which independently confirms the reading I had to derive from arithmetic on image 81. "J E Logwood M S K" is written more clearly here than on image 81, and the "M S K" is secure on this copy. The name beneath it remains unresolved: "p͞r J Morgan Jr" is my reading, with "J. M. Ryan Jr" and "J. M. Regan Jr" both possible; the same three strokes defeat me on both copies. The certificate at the foot — that the stores "have been received and accounted for" — appears only on this duplicate and not on image 81, and is in a third, lighter hand although signed "W. R. Hunt." No docket is filmed with this sheet; the two wrappers for this account are at image 80 and at the foot of image 81, both No. 326 and both for $1222 34/100, matching this duplicate exactly on firm, year and amount. Neither wrapper names a place; this account names Memphis in print.
Image 83 — Docket (wrapper endorsement), Ordnance Department, Memphis, no day or month: No. Voucher 625, $361.50, approved by W. R. Hunt
A folded wrapper filmed flat and on its side (1600 x 986), so the frame reads as four vertical panels: two wide blank ones at the left, the written panel third, and a partial fourth at the right. This wrapper is on a better-printed form than the docket of image 80: the head carries a printed "No. Voucher" with a dotted rule for the number, then "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold roman, then a printed "Memphis," followed by a long dotted rule and a printed "186" with a further short rule for the last digit, then a dotted rule preceded by a printed "$". Both the day-and-month rule and the last figure of the year have been left EMPTY — the only date information on the sheet is the printed "186". The writing is in a large, fast, thin-nibbed hand in ink now brown-grey and rather faded, and the whole endorsement drifts downhill to the right. The fold lines are soft and the paper lightly cockled; a short vertical split runs down the right edge of the written panel about a third of the way from the foot, and there is light foxing at that edge. The oval War Department handstamp is struck at the lower part of the written panel, more heavily inked than on image 80 and legible nearly all round, with a large ink check-mark drawn across it. A pencilled bracket or box mark shows at the far left of the frame and again in the second panel; four short pen strokes stand in the right-hand margin outside the wrapper.
No. Voucher 625 ............
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, ...................... 186 ....
50
$ 361 ................
______________________________________
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for Three
hundred & Sixty one
50/100 Dols
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg Conf[?] Arsenal
[oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION,
* (REBEL ARCHIVES) *
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: The one figure on the sheet proves against its own words: "$ 361 50/100" is written out immediately below as "Three hundred & Sixty one 50/100 Dols." Numeral and words agree, so the amount is $361.50. There is no account here and so no extension or footing to test.
Flagged: The voucher number is the doubtful figure. It reads "625," and I settle the last digit as a 5 by comparing it letter for letter with the "5" of the "50" cents written four lines below in the same hand and the same sitting — the two glyphs are made identically, an upper bar over a single lower bowl, where this clerk's 8 has two lobes. On that comparison it is 625 and not 628, but the reader should know the digit is of the class this file makes treacherous. Per the standing rule I record it as written: the printed words are "No. Voucher," so 625 is a real voucher number here, not a form number — but note that other dockets in this file carry "No. Voucher 999" against differing amounts, so the series should not be relied on without corroboration. The rank line under Hunt's signature repeats the reading given at image 80, "Majr Comdg Conf Arsenal," and the letters are clearer here: a looped capital C, an o, an n and a long f, then "Arsenal." I still mark "Conf" doubtful, but two independent sheets in the same hand now give the same four strokes, which strengthens it considerably. The date is the real gap: the day, the month and the last digit of the year are all blank, so this docket dates itself no closer than the 1860s. The place is Memphis, printed. Docket pairing: this wrapper does NOT belong to the account at image 82 — that account is for $1,222.34 and this docket is for $361.50, and nothing in the range so far carries $361.50. Its pairing is tested against its following neighbour under image 84.
Image 84 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis, Jany 5[?] 1862: one 12-pdr iron cannon of 3,615 lb at 10¢; $361.50, receipted 21 Jany 1862
An upright leaf (984 x 1600) on the standard printed billhead of this establishment: "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." above an ornamental rule, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in outlined capitals, then a written "To Quinby & Robinson" filling the printed line that ends "Dr." The body is a wide ruled field with five vertical money rules at the right, and the whole lower two-thirds of that field is empty. At the foot are the printed certification line, the printed receipt line, and the printed "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)" note, all executed in ink. The account is a single line in a fine, sloping hand; the extension is repeated in the outer column and a small pen tick set beneath it. In the middle of the empty field, written diagonally at about forty-five degrees, is a soft pencil addition of three or four money lines, now rubbed and only partly legible — clearly a clerk's scratch working and not part of this bill. The upper left corner is turned back and torn, and a triangular scar of loss runs down the left edge at about a third of the height; two round rust-brown spots, probably from a pin or a file spindle, sit in the left margin. Tiny printed microfilm characters run up the extreme left edge of the frame outside the sheet. No handstamp.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Jany 5[?] 1862
__________________________________________________________________
1 12" Iron Cannon 3615" 10 361 50
361 50
v
The above bill is Correct
Jno B Wheeler[?]
Supt Foundries[?]
[pencil, written diagonally across the empty field:]
361 50
832 6[?]
183 4[?]
1 [illegible]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to Three Hundred & Sixty
one 50/100 Dollars
Wm Richardson Hunt
Ord Officer C S A
Received, Memphis, Jany 21st 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Three Hundred & Sixty one 50/100 Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $361.50. The single extension is 3,615 lb x 10¢ = $361.50, which is the figure entered in the money column, the figure repeated in the outer column, the sum certified in words by Hunt as "Three Hundred & Sixty one 50/100 Dollars," and the sum receipted in words by the firm. Four independent statements of the same amount, so the footing is beyond doubt. The pencil addition scrawled diagonally in the blank field is a separate working and does not foot to anything on this sheet; its first line, $361.50, is this account, and the others are not.
Flagged: The gun's weight is where the clerk's open-topped figure bites. "3615"" could be read 3618, and 3,618 lb at 10¢ would be $361.80; the bill says $361.50 in figures and twice in words, so the weight is 3,615 lb. The date of the bill is the one reading on the sheet I cannot settle. The day is written as a single large looped character with a raised abbreviation tick, and it is either a 5 or a 6 — the hand's ordinary 5 (as in "3615" and in "50") is a flat-topped bowl and its ordinary 6 (as in "361") is a small closed loop, and this glyph is made larger and rounder than either. It is certainly a single digit and not "15," because the same clerk wrote the receipt date "21st" with the two digits plainly separate. Either way it falls before the receipt of 21 January 1862, so the sequence of the sheet is not in doubt, only the day. The foundry certificate is signed by a man whose surname I read as "Wheeler" — the initials are plainly "Jno B" — but the middle letters are cramped and I mark the surname doubtful. His office reads "Supt Foundries," possibly "Supt Foundry"; the terminal flourish makes the plural hard to prove. Hunt signs his full name here, "Wm Richardson Hunt," which is fuller than anywhere else in this range and worth recording. The place is Memphis, printed at the head and written again in the receipt. Docket pairing: this account IS the answer to the docket at image 83, and the pairing is exact. That docket is for $361.50, at Memphis, with Quinby & Robinson, approved by W. R. Hunt for "Three hundred & Sixty one 50/100 Dols" — the same firm, the same officer, the same place, the same sum to the cent, and $361.50 appears nowhere else in this range. Only the date cannot be cross-checked, because the docket's day, month and final year digit were all left blank. The docket is again filmed one frame BEFORE the account it answers, which is now the consistent pattern of this range. Its printed "No. Voucher 625" has no counterpart anywhere on this account sheet.
Image 85 — Docket (wrapper endorsement), Ordnance Department, Memphis, 1861 & '62: No. Voucher 5 7[?], $7,445.29, approved by W. R. Hunt
A folded wrapper filmed flat and on its side (1600 x 986), reading as four panels. The paper is a ruled sheet — close-set vertical rules show across the two blank left-hand panels — and the whole leaf is soiled and greyed with handling, worse than the other wrappers in this range. The printed head on the third panel is the same form as image 83: "No. Voucher" with a dotted rule, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold roman, "Memphis," with a long dotted rule and a printed "186" with a rule for the last digit, then a "$" with a dotted rule. Here the day, month and year rules were again left blank, but the writer has added a period of his own in ink above the printed heading, "1861 & '62." The endorsement is in the same large, thin, downhill hand as images 80 and 83 but is more faded still, and a broad pale water- or grease-stain spreads across the middle of the written panel, over the words "Dols" and the top of Hunt's signature, thinning the ink further. Below the rank line a large ornamental pen flourish loops across the lower half of the panel — decorative penwork rather than a word, though it may begin as "Ord." The oval War Department handstamp is struck on the FOURTH panel, well to the right of the writing, and is boldly inked and legible. At the top of that same right-hand panel is a column of soft pencil figures ruled and totalled. Foxing specks are scattered over the whole sheet.
No. Voucher 5 ......... 7[?]
1861 & '62
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, ...................... 186 ....
29
$ 7445 ................
______________________________________
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for
Seventy four hundred
& forty five 29/100
Dols
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg Conf[?] Arsenal
[large ornamental flourish, not read]
[on the right-hand panel:]
[oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION,
* (REBEL ARCHIVES) *
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[in pencil, above the handstamp:]
8 2 1/4[?]
21
————
410
574[?]
18
————
6168
Checks: The docket's own figure proves against its own words: "$ 7445 29/100" is written out below as "Seventy four hundred & forty five 29/100 Dols" — that is, 7,445 dollars and 29 cents, using the counting-house habit of saying "seventy four hundred" for 7,400. Numeral and words agree, so the amount is $7,445.29. The pencil column on the right-hand panel does NOT prove as I read it: 410 + 574 + 18 = 1,002, nowhere near the 6,168 written under the rule, and the upper pair (8,2 1/4 over 21) does not resolve into any operation I can demonstrate. If the second addend is 5740 rather than 574 — the figures are soft, rubbed and unevenly spaced, and a trailing 0 could easily have gone — then 410 + 5,740 + 18 = 6,168 exactly, which is the total written; I offer that only as the arithmetic that would work, not as a reading I can defend from the strokes. Either way the pencil column bears no relation to $7,445.29 and is somebody's separate working.
Flagged: The voucher number is not securely read. After the printed "No. Voucher" there is a clear "5," then the printed dotted rule, then a large flourished character that may be a 7 — but its long top stroke runs down to the left and could equally be the stroke joining "1861" and "62" on the line below, in which case the voucher number is simply 5. I record it as "5 7[?]" and flag it rather than choose. The period written above the printed head, "1861 & '62," is clear and is the only date information on the sheet; the printed day, month and final year digit are all blank. The place is Memphis, printed. The rank line is the same "Majr Comdg Conf[?] Arsenal" as images 80 and 83, still marked doubtful in the one word. The water- or grease-stain has thinned but not destroyed the ink beneath it; nothing is lost to it. Docket pairing: this wrapper does NOT match its immediate predecessor at image 84, which is an account for $361.50 already answered by the docket at image 83. $7,445.29 is a far larger sum than anything else so far in this range, and its account is tested against the following frame under image 86. Note also that the pencil column and the handstamp both sit on a panel other than the written one, so a reader working from a partial scan could easily miss them.
Image 86 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis, 1861 (Octo 30, Decbr 5 and 19): the large grape, shot and ball account; page 1, "Amount Carried" $5,950.17, unreceipted
An upright leaf (990 x 1600), page 1 of a multi-page account — the foot line reads "Amount Carried" and a written "1" stands at the top right corner. The printed billhead is the standard one: "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." over an ornamental rule, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA," then the written "To Quinby & Robinson ... Dr." Above the printed head, in a different and later hand, is written "Logwood." The body is closely written in a small, rapid, sloping hand, twenty-one entry lines running the full depth of the ruled field with five vertical money rules at the right. Two auditors have been over it: a first has put a small pen check-tick in the left margin and again immediately before the quantity of almost every line, and a second has set a large tick in the outermost column against each extension he passed. Two lines carry corrections in a heavier, blunter pen — the 12-pdr grape line near the top and the 32-pdr casting line near the foot — and under the footing that second hand has written "should be" with a figure of its own. The lower fifth of the sheet, carrying the printed certification, the printed receipt and the printed "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)" line, is completely BLANK: nothing is certified, nothing is receipted, no officer has signed. A faint pencil repetition of the footing sits just under the ruled total line. Three small rust-brown spots run down the left margin and the top right corner is creased; the right edge of the sheet stands very close to the film's black masking, and the outermost characters of two corrected lines run into it.
Logwood 1
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
______________________________________________________________________
Octob 30 Castings for 114 Stands 64" Grape 7952" 5 397 60 /
" " " " " 66 " 32" " 2459 5 1/2 135 25 /
" " " " " 107 " 24" " 3103" 6 186 18 /
" " " " " 62 " 12" " 880" 6 1/2 X 5720 6 $57,20 5 26"
" " Wrot Iron rings & ties for same 964 16 154 24 /
" " Putting up 349 Stands Grape 10 34 90 /
" " 7. 64" Balls 448[?]"
" " 832. 32" " 26655[?]"
" " 302 6" " 1812" . 28948" 5 1447 40 /
Decbr 5 119 64" Shot 7616"
" " 94 32" " 3008" 10624" 5 531 20 /
" " 75 Setts Castings 32" Grape 2793" 5 1/2 153 61 /
" " 60 " " 64" " 4459" 5 222 95 /
" " 72 " " 24" " 2073" 6 124 38 /
" " Wrot Iron Rings & ties for same 617" 16 98 72 /
" 19 150. 64" Shot 9600.
" " 875 32" " 28000.
" " 26" 24" " 624" 38224" 5 1911 20 /
" " 167 Setts Casting 64" Grape 4673 5 233 65 /
" " 30 " " 32" " 1117" 5 1/2 61 33 x 61,43 Err 10c
" " 116 " " 24" " 3335 6 200 10 5.950 17 /
Amount Carried should be 5950 | 53
[pencil, under the rule:] 5,950.17
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to .............
[left entirely blank]
Received, Memphis, ......................... 186 ... of ....................
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., ................................ /100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) [left entirely blank]
Checks: Every individual extension proves, but the FOOTING DOES NOT. Taking the lines in order: 7,952 lb x 5¢ = $397.60; 2,459 lb x 5½¢ = $135.245, entered $135.25; 3,103 lb x 6¢ = $186.18; 880 lb x 6½¢ = $57.20 (see the note below on how this line is written); 964 lb x 16¢ = $154.24; 349 stands x 10¢ = $34.90, and the stands cross-prove, 114 + 66 + 107 + 62 = 349 exactly; 10,624 lb x 5¢ = $531.20, itself proving on 119 x 64 = 7,616 and 94 x 32 = 3,008, which sum to 10,624; 2,793 lb x 5½¢ = $153.615, entered $153.61; 4,459 lb x 5¢ = $222.95; 2,073 lb x 6¢ = $124.38; 617 lb x 16¢ = $98.72; 38,224 lb x 5¢ = $1,911.20, itself proving on 150 x 64 = 9,600, 875 x 32 = 28,000 and 26 x 24 = 624, which sum to 38,224; 4,673 lb x 5¢ = $233.65; 3,335 lb x 6¢ = $200.10. The one extension the clerk got wrong is the last casting line: 1,117 lb x 5½¢ = $61.435, and he entered $61.33 — the auditor caught it, crossed it, wrote "61,43" beside it and noted "Err 10c," which is exactly the size of the error.
The ball group is the one place the detail does not add to the clerk's own carry. He carries 28,948 lb and extends it at 5¢ to $1,447.40, and that extension is exact, so 28,948 is certainly the figure he used. But the three weights that make it up, as I read them — 448, 26,655 and 1,812 — come to 28,915, and if the second is 26,624 (832 x 32) they come to 28,884, sixty-four pounds short. The reading that makes the group foot exactly is 448 + 26,688 + 1,812 = 28,948, which requires the second weight to end in two 8s where I have read two 5s, and its quantity to be 834 rather than the 832 I read. Given that this file's open-topped 8 is precisely the character that reads as a long-s 5, I think that is what the page says; but I record the strokes as I see them and flag the difference rather than correct the clerk.
Footing: adding the sixteen extensions as the clerk wrote them gives $5,949.91, and he footed $5,950.17 — twenty-six cents more than his own column. Substituting the auditor's corrected $61.43 for $61.33 brings the extensions to $5,950.01, still sixteen cents under the written footing. The auditor's own "should be" figure, which I read as $5,950.53, is a further fifty-two cents above the clerk's footing and sixty-two cents above the extensions as written. So this page does not prove at any of the three figures, and I cannot reconcile them; the divergences are as stated, to the cent.
Flagged: The 12-pdr grape line is written over itself and I transcribe it as it stands rather than tidying it. The clerk seems first to have put the extension in the wrong column as "5720," which an auditor crossed with an X; the corrected "$57,20" then stands to the right, and beyond it, running into the film's black masking at the right edge of the frame, are two further figures I read as "5" and "26" whose meaning I cannot recover — text may be lost off the edge of the frame here. The ball weights are discussed under Checks and are the range's clearest instance of the 8-for-5 trap. The auditor's "should be" cents figure could be 53 or 58 — the two glyphs are of the ambiguous class — and neither reading reconciles with the extensions. The word written above the printed head, "Logwood," is the surname of the storekeeper who receipted at the Arsenal on images 81 and 82, in what looks like a filing hand rather than his own. Note the account is entirely UNEXECUTED at the foot: no certification, no receipt, no signature, no date beyond the entry dates and the printed year line left blank — this is a working page of a bill, not a settled voucher. Places: Memphis, printed; no other place named. Docket pairing: this page does NOT match the docket at image 85 on its face — that docket is for $7,445.29 and this page foots $5,950.17. But this is expressly page 1 of a longer account ("Amount Carried"), so the docket may well cover the whole bill of which this is the first page; $7,445.29 less $5,950.17 leaves $1,495.12 to fall on the continuation, which should be looked for in the following frames. I offer that as the likely relationship and not as a proved one, and note that here, unlike images 83/84, the docket does NOT simply match its neighbour's total.
Image 87 — Blank wrapper, Ordnance Department printed form, Memphis: nothing written on it at all
A folded wrapper filmed flat and on its side (1600 x 989), reading as four panels. The paper is the same close-ruled stock as the wrapper at image 85, with fine vertical rules running the whole depth of the frame. The printed form on the third panel is the one used at images 83 and 85: a rule across the top, then "No. Voucher" with a dotted line, then "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold roman, then "Memphis," with a long dotted rule and a printed "186" with a short rule after it, then a printed "$" with its dotted rule, then a rule across the foot. EVERY blank is empty. There is no voucher number, no day, no month, no final year figure, no amount, no firm, no endorsement, no signature and no handstamp; nothing whatever has been written on the sheet. A long vertical split runs from the top edge down about two-thirds of the depth of the frame, along the fold between the second and third panels, with a small black loss at its head. A few ink specks and one small blot lie near the right edge; the paper is otherwise clean, with faint pencil register brackets at the left and right of the frame. The sheet is greyed and lightly soiled along the folds.
_____________________________________
No. Voucher .....................
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, ..................... 186 ....
$ ....................
_____________________________________
[nothing written]
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: This frame carries no information of its own beyond the form itself, and the reader should not mistake it for a docket. It is the same printed wrapper form as images 83 and 85, and it is on the same fine-ruled stock as image 85 in particular, so it may well be the second leaf of that same folded wrapper turned over and refilmed, or another blank of the same batch; nothing on the sheet proves either, and I record it simply as blank. Because it is blank there is nothing to test against its neighbours, so it neither confirms nor disturbs the docket pattern. Note that the split down the fold has not cost any text, there being none to lose. No date, no place beyond the printed "Memphis," and no officer.
Image 88 — Printed Ordnance Department billhead, Memphis, Dec 1861–Mar 1862: page 2 of the same account, brought forward $5,950.17, total $7,445.29, receipted 20 Feby 1862
The continuation and settlement page of the account begun at image 86 — the same hand, the same printed billhead, the same "Logwood" written above the printed head, and a written "2" in the top right corner where page 1 carries a "1" (988 x 1600). The first entry line is "Amount Brot Forward." The printed head reads "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." over the ornamental rule, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA," then the written "To Quinby & Robinson ... Dr.," with "1861" heading the date column at the left and "1862" written into that column part way down. Eighteen entry lines fill the upper half; the lower third of the ruled field is empty. The same two auditors have worked over it: light check-ticks in the left margin and before most quantities, large ticks against the extensions in the outer column, and — in the heavier, blunter pen — two corrections, a marginal note "Error of 36c / & no error" beside the second and third lines, and a "Should be" figure written beneath the total. Faint pencil repeats the brought-forward figure and the total. The paper is clean and lightly foxed, with a soft horizontal fold across the upper third and another across the middle; the top right corner is creased and the right edge again runs close to the film's black masking. Unlike page 1, the foot of this sheet IS executed: the receipt is filled in and signed, though the certification line above it is left blank.
Logwood 2
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
______________________________________________________________________
Decb 19 Amount Brot Forward + 5950 17 | 5950 | 53
" " Wrot Iron Rings & ties 625" 16 100 00 / Error of 36c
" " Putting up 213 Stands Grape 10 21 30 / & no error
1862 5 " " 207 " " 10 20 70 /
Jany 29 55 6in Archer Shot 4400" 5 1/2 242 00 /
" " 1 " " " Shell 80 " " 4 40 /
" " Copper Cups for same 467 60 280 20 /
" " " " " 1 Shell 8 1/2 " " 5 10 /
" " 4 Melting Pans 1090" 6 1/2 70 85 /
Mar 1 6 Sett Anvils[?] Stamps & Dies 1350" 6 81 00 /
" 11 Pattern for same 15 00 /
" " 441 Small Archer Shot 3280" 5 1/2 180 40 /
" " 47 Read Small " 1360" " 74 80 /
" " 29. 42" Read Rifled Shot 1218" 5 1/2 67 19 | 66,99 Err 20c /
" " Putting Copper on same &
" " One large Archer Shot 496" 60 297 60 /
" " 22 Zinc Cups 107" 30 32 10 /
" " 20 Spider Castings 31 " 8 2 48 | 7445 29
[pencil:] 7445.29
Should be 7445 | 85
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ............
[left blank]
Received, Memphis, Feby 20 , 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Seventy four hundred & forty five 29/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: The clerk's own arithmetic PROVES EXACTLY. Every extension on the page is right but one: 625 lb x 16¢ = $100.00; 213 stands x 10¢ = $21.30; 207 stands x 10¢ = $20.70; 4,400 lb x 5½¢ = $242.00; 80 lb x 5½¢ = $4.40; 467 x 60¢ = $280.20; 8½ x 60¢ = $5.10; 1,090 lb x 6½¢ = $70.85; 1,350 lb x 6¢ = $81.00; the pattern at a flat $15.00; 3,280 lb x 5½¢ = $180.40; 1,360 lb x 5½¢ = $74.80; 496 lb x 60¢ = $297.60; 107 lb x 30¢ = $32.10; 31 lb x 8¢ = $2.48. The exception is the Read rifled shot: 1,218 lb x 5½¢ = $66.99, and the clerk entered $67.19 — the auditor caught it, wrote "66,99" beside it and noted "Err 20c," which is exactly the size of the error.
The footing then proves to the cent. Taking the brought-forward $5,950.17 and adding the sixteen extensions as the clerk wrote them: 5,950.17 + 100.00 + 21.30 + 20.70 + 242.00 + 4.40 + 280.20 + 5.10 + 70.85 + 81.00 + 15.00 + 180.40 + 74.80 + 67.19 + 297.60 + 32.10 + 2.48 = $7,445.29 — the figure written in the money column, the figure receipted below in words as "Seventy four hundred & forty five 29/100 Dollars," and the figure on the docket at image 85. So the account as the firm rendered it is internally exact; it is only the auditor who disputes it.
The auditor's own figure does NOT prove as he wrote it. He raises the brought-forward from $5,950.17 to $5,950.53 and notes "Error of 36c," and 5,950.53 − 5,950.17 is indeed 36¢, so his page-1 correction is self-consistent. His footing "Should be 7445 85" is 56¢ above the clerk's $7,445.29 — that is, the 36¢ he added to the brought-forward plus the 20¢ of the Read shot line. But the Read shot correction reduces the charge, from $67.19 to $66.99; taken properly it should come OFF, giving $7,445.45, not $7,445.85. The auditor has added where he should have subtracted. I record his figures as written and do not correct them.
Flagged: The two names on this page are the interesting ones. "Read Rifled Shot" and "Read Small" are written plainly with a terminal d, and the reader will want to weigh them against Dr. J. B. Read of Alabama, whose rifle shot and sabot the Memphis works were making; I offer that only as a proposal, since the page gives no first name. "Archer Shot" appears four times — "6in Archer Shot," "Small Archer Shot," "One large Archer Shot" — and is written with a clear capital A each time; whether it is a maker's or an inventor's name or a description, the page does not say. The item on the Mar 1 line I read as "6 Sett Anvils Stamps & Dies," but the word after "Sett" is cramped and I mark it doubtful; "Rests" and "Reeds" are also possible from the strokes. The date of the fourth entry is defective as written: the clerk put "1862" in the date column and "5" in the day column but supplied NO month, and the line above it is dated Decb 19 and the line below Jany 29, so the reader must infer January without the page saying so. The marginal note beside the second and third lines reads "Error of 36c" over "& no error"; the second phrase seems to be the auditor clearing the two lines it stands against, but its reference is not certain. The line "Putting Copper on same &" carries no figure at all — it runs on into the line below it, and the ampersand is the clerk's, not mine. As on page 1, the certification is blank while the receipt is executed; Hunt does not sign this sheet, his name appearing only as the payer in the receipt. Places: Memphis, printed and repeated in the receipt. Docket pairing: this page CLOSES the pairing left open at image 85. That docket is No. Voucher 5 7[?], 1861 & '62, Memphis, $7,445.29 with Quinby & Robinson, approved by W. R. Hunt for "Seventy four hundred & forty five 29/100 Dols" — the same firm, the same place, the same sum to the cent and the same period as the two-page account at images 86 and 88 taken together. So in this instance the docket is filmed THREE frames before the page it settles, with page 1 of the account and a blank wrapper between; that is a wider separation than anywhere else in this range, and a reader taking the immediately adjacent frame as the answer to the docket would be wrong.
Image 89 — Certificate of settlement with Quinby & Robinson, signed W. R. Hunt, Majr Comdg Conf[?] Arsenal; no date, no place, no figures; endorsed sideways "Quinby & Robinson Acct"
An upright leaf of blue-ruled writing paper filmed alone (1013 x 1600). The upper two-thirds of the sheet are entirely empty; the certificate is written across the lower middle in six lines, in a large, fast, thin-nibbed hand in ink now faded to a light brown-grey — the same hand and the same pen as the docket endorsements at images 80, 83 and 85. The text has been corrected in the writing: an "a" in the first line is cancelled with a small x and "statement of a" interlined above it, and two words after "Contract" in the second line are scored out. A heavy round ink blot sits at the right end of the first line, on the last letters of the firm's name. Two horizontal folds cross the sheet, one just above the certificate and one just below it, and the paper is greyed and lightly cockled along both. At the lower left the oval War Department handstamp is struck INVERTED and rather faintly, its letters upside down relative to the certificate. Up the right-hand edge, written sideways so as to read when the sheet is folded, is the filing endorsement "Quinby & Robinson" over "Acct" with a long flourish. There are scattered foxing specks down the left margin and a small pencil register bracket at the left. No date, no place, no figures and no printed matter of any kind appear on the sheet.
statement of a
I Certify that this x a Settlement with Quinby
& Robinson According to Contract [two words struck through, the
second reading "was"] to furnish them with the items mentioned
in this statement — the balance shewn on
Abstract is amount paid them in Cash
W R Hunt Majr
Comdg Conf[?] Arsnal
[oval handstamp, struck upside down:]
RECORD DIVISION,
* (REBEL ARCHIVES) *
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[written sideways up the right edge:]
Quinby & Robinson
Acct
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: The correction in the first line changes the sense and should be read carefully. As first written it began "I Certify that this a Settlement with Quinby & Robinson"; the "a" was then cancelled with an x and "statement of a" written above the line, giving "I Certify that this statement of a Settlement with Quinby & Robinson." The two words scored through after "Contract" cannot be recovered with confidence; the second of them reads "was," and the strike appears to cover the first only, so the sentence may have been left to read "According to Contract was to furnish them with the items mentioned in this statement." I transcribe the deletion rather than guess at it. "Abstract" and "Contract" are both capitalised by the writer and both point to papers not in this frame — an abstract of payments and a written contract with the firm — neither of which is filmed here. The rank line beneath Hunt's signature is the third instance in this range of "Majr Comdg Conf Arsenal," and it is the clearest of the three; the strokes are a looped C, an o, an n and a long f, and the last word here is spelt "Arsnal" without the medial e. I still mark "Conf" doubtful on the principle that I have not seen the word written in full anywhere in this range, but three concurring instances make Confederate the natural expansion. The handstamp being struck upside down is worth recording: it means the sheet was filed the other way up from the way the certificate reads, consistent with the sideways endorsement up the right edge, which is the face that showed when the leaf was folded. Docket pairing: this sheet carries NO amount, so it cannot be tested by figure against its neighbour. It names Quinby & Robinson and refers to a settlement under contract, and it immediately follows the settled two-page account at images 86 and 88, which was receipted in full on 20 February 1862 — so it may well be Hunt's covering certificate for that settlement. But nothing on the sheet says so: no date, no sum, no voucher number. I record the possibility and do not assert it.
Image 90 — Manuscript ledger sheet (no printed billhead), Quinby & Robinson to the Confederate State of America, Mch 24 – Apl 1st [year not on sheet]: copper, sheet tin, zinc, brass filings, sighting guns, coal; page footing $18,55[?]7.09, with a separate pencil-and-ink computation footing $53,569.79
A single upright leaf filmed 1000 x 1600 in grey scale, and the palest sheet in this range: almost the whole account is written in a fine, hard-nibbed hand in ink that has faded to a light grey-brown, so that in places it reads only under strong local contrast. The paper is plain blue-ruled account paper — faint horizontal lines the full height and a set of five narrow vertical money rules down the right third — with NO printed billhead, no ordnance department heading, no certification block and no receipt: the firm's name and "To Confederate State of America Dr." are written across the head by hand over a ruled line, in the manner of the "STATE OF TENNESSEE" forms this file also holds, but here nothing at all is printed. Only the top fifth of the sheet carries the account; the middle third holds a second, quite separate computation in a heavier hand headed "Q&R"; the bottom third is blank. A later, much bolder hand has gone over parts of the figures — the "20" in the second entry, and the dollars and the "85" of the outer-column footing are laid in with a broad wet nib that has spread and blotted, and a spray of small ink specks runs from the head of the sheet down through the first three entry lines. A small pencil bracket or claw sits in the left margin opposite the zinc line, and check marks in a third, lighter ink stand against every extension. The film's black masking crowds the left and right edges but costs no text. There is no docket, no handstamp and no signature anywhere on the leaf.
Quinby & Robinson ______________________________________________
To Confederate State of America D[r]
Mch 24 To Cash C[?] S[?] hands service
Apl 1st " " " " " —— 20 00
" 2493 5[?]th Copper @ 3 5[?] 87 2[?]7[?] 2[?]5[?] ✓
" 2245 „ Sheet Tin[?] „ $2 50 5612 50 ✓
" 382 „ Zinc „ 4 6[?] 175 72 ✓
" 865 „ Brass Filings „ 40 cts 346 ✓
Sighting 4 Guns „ $6 00 24 ✓
" 1098 3/4 Bus Coal „ $1 50 1648 12 [outer:] 18 55[?]7 09
18,55[?]7.09
Q&R
17,839.08 ✓
14,524.20 ✓
[3]2,544.00 ✓
8,146.04 ✓
7,407.20 ✓
2,609.25 ✓
467.02 ✓
33.00 ✓
_________
53,569,79 [faint, right-hand margin:]
18,55[?].[?] 5[?]3549 79 [?]
_________ [5?]5018 70 [?]
35,018[?] 70[?] [5?]5018 3[?] [illegible]
Checks: The eight-figure block headed "Q&R" proves exactly: 17,839.08 + 14,524.20 + 2,544.00 + 8,146.04 + 7,407.20 + 2,609.25 + 467.02 + 33.00 = 53,569.79, which is the footing written under the rule. That proof also settles two doubtful readings — the small boxed mark before "2.544.00" is a stray, not a leading 3 (32,544.00 would throw the footing out by 30,000), and the seventh figure is 467.02, not 1167.02 (1167.02 would throw it out by exactly 700.00). The cents alone (.08+.20+.00+.04+.20+.25+.02+.00 = .79) match the footing independently.
The account entries prove line by line where the figures can be read: 865 lb Brass Filings x 40 cts = $346.00 (as extended); Sighting 4 Guns x $6.00 = $24.00 (as extended); 1098 3/4 bushels Coal x $1.50 = $1,648.125, extended as $1,648.12 — the clerk drops the half cent. The Sheet Tin line proves at 2245 x $2.50 = $5,612.50 (as extended). The Zinc line proves at 382 x 46 cts = $175.72 (as extended). The Copper line cannot be proved to the cent: the extension's dollars field holds four digits and its cents field two, so the extension is $8,7xx.xx, and both readings of the line — 24,935 lb at 35 cts, and 2,493 5/10 lb at $3.50 — give $8,727.25, which is what the extension appears to say.
The page does NOT foot to its own entries. The seven extensions as read (20.00 + 8,727.25 + 5,612.50 + 175.72 + 346.00 + 24.00 + 1,648.12) come to $16,553.59, against an outer-column footing of $18,55[?]7.09 — a shortfall of $2,003.50. The sheet is a continuation (it opens mid-account, with ditto marks under an entry that is not on this leaf, and the first entry, "Mch 24 To Cash", carries no figure at all), so an amount brought forward from the preceding sheet is the likeliest explanation, but no brought-forward line is written on this leaf and the shortfall cannot be proved from what is here.
Flagged: The footing is the trap figure of this range. It is written twice — once in the outer money column, once again immediately below in the body of the sheet — and both times the two digits after the comma are the clerk's open-topped form with a bar over the top, exactly the glyph the file elsewhere writes for both 5 and 8. The figure is therefore 18,557.09 / 18,58 7.09 / 18,88 7.09 on the same strokes. I could not settle it by arithmetic: the entries do not foot to it (see Checks), and the subtraction written below it — 53,569.79 minus the footing — is in ink so faint that its answer reads only as "35,018[?].70[?]". If the answer is 35,018.70 the footing must be 18,551.09; if the footing is 18,557.09 the answer must be 35,012.70. I can read a clear closed "8" in the answer's units place and a clear "7" in the footing's units place, and those two readings are not compatible. Both are recorded as seen and neither is asserted. — The Copper quantity is the second unresolved reading: "2493 5" followed by a superscript, where the "5" is again the open-topped glyph and the superscript may be a "℔" ligature (making the quantity 24,935 lb at 35 cts) or a "ths" (making it 2,493 5/10 lb at $3.50). Both give the same extension, so the arithmetic cannot decide it; the surrounding rates argue for the first, since brass filings at 40 cts and zinc at 46 cts sit naturally beside copper at 35 cts and not beside copper at $3.50. The rate cell itself shows two digits, "3" and "5", with a superscript cluster over them, and I cannot tell whether that cluster is "cts" or a superscript "0". — "Sheet Tin" is read from the shape of a tall crossed letter followed by two minims; "Sheet Iron" is defensible on the same strokes, and the price ($2.50 a pound) argues for tin, which was the scarce metal, but the word is not certain. — The description of the first entry, after "Cash", is a short phrase I read as "C[?] S[?] hands service"; the two capitals are open loops and I will not commit to them. — No year appears anywhere on the sheet: only "Mch 24" and "Apl 1st". — The three faint figures down the right-hand margin (which appear to repeat "53,549.79" or "53,569.79" and "35,018.70") are an auditor's working; they are too broken for a reliable transcription and are given only as far as they can be seen. — No docket accompanies this sheet, so there is nothing here to pair.
Image 91 — Printed docket (endorsement panel) of an Ordnance Department voucher, Memphis, Mch [186_]: Quinby & Robinson, No. Voucher 1061[?] / 1892[?] (probably 1092), $467.02, approved by W. R. Hunt
Filmed landscape (1600 x 982): the outside of a folded voucher laid open, so that the left two-thirds of the frame is the blank, blue-ruled back of the sheet and only the right-hand third carries the endorsement panel. Two heavy vertical fold creases stand at about halfway and at four-fifths across, and the paper darkens along them. The panel is the printed docket form used throughout this file: a written firm name over a heavy rule, the printed "No. Voucher ....." line with the number filled in, then the display line "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold gothic capitals, then a printed dateline "Memphis, .................. 186 ." with the month written in and the day and year left blank, then a printed "$ ......" line with the amount, then a closing rule. Below the rule, in a large free hand in dark ink, is the approving endorsement and W. R. Hunt's signature and title. In the blank field to the right of the panel, printed across the ruled paper, is the oval Record Division handstamp — "RECORD DIVISION" around the top, "ARCHIVES" and a smaller inner oval in the middle, "WAR DEPARTMENT" around the foot, with a star at each side. Small pencil "13" register marks sit at the panel's upper left and at the lower right of the sheet. Low on the panel is a large looping pen paraph or trial, unconnected to any word. Ink is black and strong in the endorsement, much paler and greyer in the docket head above the printed department line. The film's black masking frames the sheet top and bottom.
Quinby & Robinson
______________________________________________
[13] No. Voucher 1 0 6[?] 1[?]
1 8[?] 9[?] 2[?]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, Mch ...................... 186 .
$ 467 02
______________________________________________
Ch [long flourish]
Approved for Four
hundred & Sixty Seven &
02
--- Dollars
100
W R Hunt
Maj Comdg[?] Chf[?] Ordnance C[?]
[large looping paraph]
[oval handstamp, at right of the panel:]
RECORD DIVISION.
R.[?] B.[?] ARCHIVES.
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[star at each side]
Checks: No account figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The one internal test the docket does allow, it passes: the figure "$467 02" and the endorsement written out in words, "Four hundred & Sixty Seven & 02/100 Dollars", agree exactly at $467.02.
Flagged: This docket pairs with the account on image 92, the frame that follows it, not with image 90. Image 92 is an Ordnance Department—Memphis billhead of 1862 footing $467.02 and receipted by W. R. Hunt, and the docket's amount, its place (Memphis), its approving officer and its month ("Mch"; the account's later entry is dated March 17) all answer to it. Against image 90 the docket fails every test: image 90 foots at $18,55[?]7.09, names no officer and carries no place. The 467.02 that does appear on image 90 is one line in the memo column of eight figures there, which is consistent with that memo being a list of separate vouchers rather than with any pairing of the two sheets. This range therefore follows the pattern noted elsewhere in the file, of the docket being filmed one frame BEFORE the account it answers. — The voucher number is not securely read. Two numbers are written one above the other on and under the printed "No. Voucher" line, in the palest ink on the sheet: the upper I read as 1061 (1001 and 1004 are defensible on the same strokes, the second and third glyphs being narrow open ovals), the lower as 1892 (1042 defensible). The same pair of numbers recurs on the dockets at images 93, 94, 96 and 98, where the lower one reads clearly as 1092; on that comparison my "1892" here is almost certainly 1092, and the reading should be taken from the clearer impressions rather than from this pale one. Per the standing rule these are recorded as seen; the file elsewhere carries dockets numbered "999" against differing amounts, so a number here may be a batch reference rather than a voucher number. — The word standing alone above the endorsement, "Ch" with a long trailing flourish, is not resolved; it may be a clerk's abbreviation or the start of a struck word. — Hunt's title line is written fast and flat: "Maj" is certain, the closing "Ordnance" is nearly certain, and the two words between them read as "Comdg" and "Chf" without confidence. — The dateline carries no day and no year: the printed "186" is not completed.
Image 92 — Printed Ordnance Department—Memphis billhead, 1862: 24 hangers and caps and 125 bolts; $467.02, receipted at Columbus, Miss., June 1862
A single upright leaf filmed 984 x 1600, on the commercial printed billhead used throughout this file: "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." in spaced capitals over a small ornamental rule, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in outline display capitals, with the firm's name written across the head and the printed "Dr." at the right. Faint blue horizontal ruling runs the full height and five vertical money rules divide the right third; the ruling continues down through a very large blank area, so the two entries and the receiving note occupy only the top sixth of the sheet. At the foot is the printed certification line, "I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ................", left entirely blank, and below it the printed receipt block ending "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)", which is fully executed. The account hand is a fluent, well-formed commercial clerk's hand in strong black ink; the receiving note beneath the entries is a second, lighter and more looping hand; the receipt is filled in a third hand, and the firm's signature at the foot is a fourth. Scattered small dark specks (foxing or emulsion flecks) run down the left margin at intervals, and pencil "13" register marks sit in the left margin at about mid-height and again in the blank right-hand columns lower down. A small pencil "X" or cancel stands beside the first extension and a check mark beside the total. The sheet is clean, with no folds costing text; the film's black masking crowds the right edge.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1862
Feby 13 | 24 Hangers & Caps 1465 lb 6 1/2 95 22 [X]
Mard 17 |125 Bolts 1859 " 20. 371 80 467 02 ✓
The above has been Received
Geo W Grader[?]
Supt C S Machine Shop
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
[line left blank]
Received, Columbus Miss June 12[?] 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Four hundred & Sixty Seven 02/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $467.02. 1465 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $95.225, extended as $95.22 (the clerk drops the half cent); 1859 lb x 20 cts = $371.80, as extended; 95.22 + 371.80 = 467.02, which is the figure carried to the outer column and the sum written out in the receipt, "Four hundred & Sixty Seven 02/100". The arithmetic also settles two open-topped glyphs that could have been read either way: the weight of the hangers and caps is 1465, not 1468 (1468 lb at 6 1/2 cts would extend to $95.42, not $95.22), and the weight of the bolts is 1859, not 1855 (1855 lb at 20 cts would extend to $371.00, not $371.80).
Flagged: The date column of the second entry reads "Mard", written for March; the terminal letter is a "d", not "ch", and it is transcribed as written. — The receiving officer's surname reads "Grader"; the capital G is firm and the terminal is a clear "r", but Gradee and Gruder are defensible on the same strokes. The same name and office ("Supt C S Machine Shop") appear on other sheets in this file, so the reading is at least consistent across the range. — The day of the receipt is either 12 or 17; the two digits are crossed by the descender of the signature above. The month (June) and year (186 2) are clear. — The place of receipt is the notable fact on this sheet: the account is on a Memphis billhead and both entries were furnished at Memphis in February and March 1862, but the receipt was taken at Columbus, Miss. in June 1862 — that is, after Memphis fell on 6 June 1862. The place is written over the printed dotted line and reads "Columbus" plus a following word beginning with a capital M and ending in "iss"; "Columbus Miss" is the reading. It should not be confused with the Columbus, Kentucky, that appears elsewhere in this file. — The printed certification line was left wholly blank; nobody entered the certified amount, though the receipt below it is fully executed. This matches the pattern noted on other sheets of the file. — The small pencil mark beside the 95.22 extension is a cross or cancel and carries no figure. — This account is the one the docket on image 91 answers, and the two match on amount ($467.02 on both, and written out in words in both), on the approving and disbursing officer (W. R. Hunt on both), on place (Memphis) and on month (the docket's "Mch"; this account's second entry is dated March 17). The docket is filmed one frame BEFORE its account.
Image 93 — Two documents in one frame: a modern archivist's cross-reference slip ("Chap 2 -12- 301 - No 1", Tenn.), and a printed Ordnance Department docket, Memphis, March 1862, $6,716.15
A composite frame, 2550 x 3300, holding two separate items photographed one above the other against black masking, each with its own black surround. The UPPER item is a narrow upright slip of modern blue-ruled paper, roughly three times as tall as it is wide, carrying four lines in a twentieth-century archivist's hand — a broad, round, modern script in dense black ink quite unlike anything else in this file — with the firm's name, the word "mentioned", a citation line of chapter, volume and page, and, far down at the foot, the single word "Tenn." Across the middle of the slip is the oval Record Division handstamp, struck twice and doubled, one impression sitting slightly above and left of the other, so that "RECORD DIVISION," appears twice; a small pencil "13" sits below it and a faint diagonal crease runs from the stamp to the lower right corner. The LOWER item is the outside of a folded voucher laid open, filmed landscape-wise within the frame: the left half is the blank blue-ruled back of the sheet, and the endorsement panel occupies the right half, standing between two heavy vertical fold creases. The panel is the usual printed docket form — firm name over a heavy rule, printed "No. Voucher ....." with two numbers written in, the display line "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold gothic capitals, a printed dateline with the month and year written in, a printed "$ ......" line, then a closing rule — and below the rule two pencil endorsements. The docket head is written in a pale grey-brown ink, but the amount has been gone over with a broad wet nib so that two of its figures are blotted and thickened. A second Record Division oval, again doubled, is struck across the lower half of the panel. Small pencil "13" register marks stand at the right edge of the sheet and at its foot.
[UPPER SLIP — modern archivist's hand]
Quinby + Robinson
mentioned
Chap 2 -12- 301 - No 1
[oval handstamp, struck twice, overlapping:]
RECORD DIVISION,
REBEL ARCHIVES,
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[star at each side]
[13]
Tenn.
[LOWER DOCKET]
Quinby & Robinson
______________________________________________
No. Voucher 1 6[?] 6[?] 1
1 0 9 2
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis March .................... 186 2
6.716. 15
______________________________________________
Ch
Corect J H[?] [in pencil]
[oval handstamp, struck twice, overlapping:]
RECORD DIVISION,
REBEL ARCHIVES,
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: No account figures on either item — no arithmetic to prove. The docket's only figure is $6,716.15, and unlike the docket on image 91 this one carries no sum written out in words, so there is no internal check on it.
Flagged: This docket does NOT belong to either of the accounts filmed beside it, and its account is not in this range. Tested against its neighbours: image 92, the frame before, is an account for $467.02; image 94, the frame after, is an account for $8,146.04 which carries its own docket in the same frame; images 95, 97 and 99 foot at $467.02, $2,609.25 and $2,609.25. None is $6,716.15. Nor does $6,716.15 appear among the eight figures of the memo column on image 90. The sheet this docket answers must be sought outside images 90-99, and the docket should be recorded as a stray within this range. — The two numbers on the "No. Voucher" line — the upper read as 1661 (1061 is defensible; the second glyph is a closed loop with a tail, which argues for 6 rather than 0), the lower as 1092 — are the same pair of numbers that appear on the dockets at images 91, 96 and 98, which carry $467.02, $2,609.20 and $2,609.25 respectively. Four dockets bearing one number against four different amounts confirms that this is a batch or file reference and not a voucher number, and it is recorded as seen in every case. — The amount's third and fourth figures have been retraced with a broad wet nib and have blotted; I read $6,716.15, with the fourth figure a single loop entered from below (a 6) rather than the double loop this hand uses for 8, but the retracing makes the reading less than certain and 6,715.15 and 6,718.15 cannot be excluded by anything on the sheet. The cents, written as a superscript "15" over a rule, are clear. — The word "Ch" with a trailing flourish stands here exactly as it does on image 91's docket, below the closing rule and above the other endorsements; it is evidently a routine clerk's mark in this office, but I cannot resolve what it abbreviates. — The pencil endorsement below it reads "Corect" — the clerk's own spelling, kept as written — followed by initials I read as "J H", though "S H" is possible. — The dateline gives the month and the year (March, 186 2) but no day. — The upper slip is a modern finding-aid insert, not a Confederate record: the hand, the ink and the paper are all twentieth-century. Its citation, "Chap 2 -12- 301 - No 1", with "Tenn." at the foot, is a reference into the bound Confederate records (chapter, volume, page) and should be treated as a cataloguer's note, not as evidence about the firm.
Image 94 — Two documents in one frame: printed Ordnance Department—Memphis billhead, March 1862, eleven 12-pounder bronze howitzers, 8666 lb, footed $8,146.04 and receipted at Columbus, Miss.; and its own printed docket, $8,146.0[4?]
A composite frame, 2550 x 3300, holding two items photographed one above the other against black masking, each with its own black surround. The UPPER item is a single upright leaf on the printed billhead used throughout the file — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." over an ornamental rule, "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in outline display capitals, the firm's name written across the head and the printed "Dr." at the right — with faint blue horizontal ruling the full height and six vertical money rules down the right third. Four entries, a weight-and-total line and a certification of receipt occupy the top eighth; the rest of the sheet is empty ruled paper down to the printed certification line (left blank) and the printed receipt block (fully executed), ending "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)". The account hand is small, sloped and rather scratchy in a grey-brown ink that has faded badly; the money figures are stronger. A single very large ink X, in heavy black ink and a much broader nib, is struck diagonally across the whole rate-and-extension block, cancelling all four extensions; the same heavy nib has gone over the last extension's figures, blotting them. The certification of receipt below the entries is in a third, looser hand with a heavy flourished signature; an old ink stain or offset runs down through it. A horizontal fold crosses the sheet at about a third of its height and another near the foot. Small pencil "13" register marks stand in the blank right-hand columns. The LOWER item is the outside of the same folded voucher, filmed landscape: blank ruled back at the left, the printed docket panel at the right between two fold creases, its writing very pale. The oval Record Division handstamp, doubled, is struck across the right of the panel.
[UPPER — the account]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby Robinson Dr.
March 1862
Feby 17 | 3 12 pdr Bronze Howitzers 2364 lb 77 1/2 1832 10
" 25 | 3 12 " " " 2364 " 77 1/2 1832 10
March 6 | 3 12 " " " 2364 " 77 1/2 1832 10
" 11[?]| 2 12 " " " 1574 " 77 1/2 12[19] 85
8666 lb Guns $ 8146 04
I certify that the above has been received
Jno E Logwood M. S. K.[?]
By Jno W Ezzell[?]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
[line left blank]
Received, Columbus Miss June 12[?] 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Eighty one hundred & forty six 04/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
[LOWER — the docket]
No. Voucher 1 0 6 1
1 0 9 2
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis ........................... 186 .
$ 8146 0[4?]
______________________________________________
Quinby & Robinson
[oval handstamp, struck twice, overlapping:]
RECORD DIVISION,
REBEL ARCHIVES,
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: The sheet was priced twice, and both computations prove exactly — at different rates. (1) The extensions as written prove at 77 1/2 cents a pound: 2364 lb x 77 1/2 cts = $1,832.10, which is the extension entered on each of the first three lines; 1574 lb x 77 1/2 cts = $1,219.85, which is the fourth (its middle figures are blotted by the cancelling stroke, but the reading follows from the arithmetic and from the visible "12 . . 85"). Those four extensions total $6,716.15. (2) The weights prove independently: 2364 + 2364 + 2364 + 1574 = 8666, the total weight written on the footing line. (3) The footing itself, $8,146.04, proves against the same total weight at a DIFFERENT rate: 8666 lb x 94 cts = $8,146.04 exactly, and that figure is confirmed by the receipt written out in words, "Eighty one hundred & forty six 04/100 Dollars". So the eleven howitzers were first billed at 77 1/2 cts a pound, giving $6,716.15, and then re-priced at 94 cts a pound, giving $8,146.04 — which is what the firm was actually paid, and which is also the fourth figure in the memo column on image 90 (8,146.04). The great X struck across the rate and extension columns is the cancellation of the first pricing. Neither figure is an error: both are exact, and the sheet records the change of rate rather than a mistake in arithmetic.
Flagged: This corrects the pairing I recorded under image 93. The docket at image 93 carries $6,716.15 — the cancelled, first-pricing total of THIS account. It therefore does belong to this voucher, in its superseded state, and is not the stray I called it there; what image 93's own figures could not show, and what only the arithmetic of image 94 reveals, is that $6,716.15 and $8,146.04 are the same eleven guns at two different rates. This sheet's own docket, filmed with it in the lower half of this frame, carries the settled figure. Read the two notes together. — The re-pricing rate of 94 cents is nowhere written on the sheet; it is recovered from the arithmetic (8666 x 0.94 = 8146.04 exactly) and is offered as the demonstrated explanation of the footing, not as a reading of any figure on the page. — The day of the fourth entry is uncertain, 11 or 18; the ditto marks and the heavy cancelling stroke crowd it. The receipt's day is likewise 12 or 17. — The receiving officer's name reads "Jno E Logwood" with what I take to be "M. S. K." after it — Military Storekeeper, the standard Confederate ordnance abbreviation — though the last letter could be an E. The clerk's name below, written "By" and then a heavily flourished signature, I cannot resolve; "Jno W Ezzell" is my best attempt and should not be relied on. This is a different receiving officer from the "Geo W Grader, Supt C S Machine Shop" who signs images 92 and 95: these guns were received into the store, not the machine shop. — The firm's name at the head of the account is written "Quinby Robinson", without the ampersand. — The docket's amount is written in the palest ink on the frame; the dollars, 8146, are firm, but the cents could be 04 or 02. The receipt in words ("04/100") and the account's footing both give 04, and the docket is read with them. — The docket's "No. Voucher" line again carries 1061 over 1092, the same pair found on images 91, 93, 96 and 98 against five different amounts; recorded as seen, and plainly a batch or file reference rather than a voucher number. — The docket's dateline carries the place, Memphis, but no day, no month and no completed year; the printed "186" stands unfinished.
Image 95 — Printed Ordnance Department—Memphis billhead, 1862: the DUPLICATE of the account at image 92 — 24 hangers and caps, 125 bolts; $467.02, receipted at Columbus, Miss., 12 June 1862
A single upright leaf filmed 981 x 1600, on the same printed billhead as image 92 and carrying the same account, but written out a second time as the signed duplicate the receipt block calls for. The hand is the same clerk's, working larger and blacker than on image 92 — the firm's name across the head is laid in with a broad wet nib and heavy shading, and the figures are correspondingly bolder. Faint blue horizontal ruling runs the full height and six vertical money rules divide the right third; the account fills only the top seventh and the rest is empty ruled paper. Under the firm's name, in a paler ink and a smaller hand, is added the single word "Armory". At the foot the printed certification line, "I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ...........", is left blank; the printed receipt block below it is fully executed and ends "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)". A horizontal fold crosses the sheet about a third of the way down and the paper is lightly cockled along it. In the left margin at about mid-height is a small dark smudge or offset impression, unreadable, and beside it a faint pencil mark; a pencil "13" stands in the third money column at about the same level, and a scatter of faint pencil figures — too light and broken to transcribe — sits in the blank centre of the sheet. Small dark foxing specks run down the left edge. The film's black masking crowds the right edge.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1862 Armory
Feby 13 | 24 Hangers & Caps 1465 lb 6 1/2 95 22
Mar 17 |125 Bolts 1859 " 20 371 80
The above has been Received $ 467 02
Geo W Grader[?]
Supt C S Machine Shop
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
[line left blank]
Received, Columbus Miss June 12 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Four hundred & Sixty Seven 02/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $467.02, on the same arithmetic as image 92: 1465 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $95.225, extended as $95.22; 1859 lb x 20 cts = $371.80; 95.22 + 371.80 = 467.02, which is the figure carried to the outer column and the sum written out in the receipt, "Four hundred & Sixty Seven 02/100". Every figure on this leaf agrees, to the cent, with the figure in the same place on image 92, so the two copies check each other as well as themselves.
Flagged: This leaf and image 92 are the two halves of one transaction — the "signed duplicates" the printed form provides for — not two separate accounts, and they should not be counted twice in any total of the firm's business. Three small differences between the copies are worth recording: this copy adds the word "Armory" under the firm's name, which image 92 lacks; this copy writes the second date "Mar", where image 92 writes "Mard"; and this copy's receipt day is clearly 12, which settles the reading I left open on image 92 as 12 or 17. — The receiving officer's surname is again "Grader", written here a little more openly than on image 92 and still admitting Gradee or Gruder. — The printed certification line is again left wholly blank while the receipt below is fully executed, the pattern this file follows throughout. — The pencil figures in the blank body of the sheet and the smudge in the left margin are too faint and broken to read; the smudge appears to be an offset impression from a facing sheet rather than writing on this leaf. — No docket accompanies this leaf. Its transaction's docket is at image 91, filmed with the first copy of the account.
Image 96 — Printed docket (endorsement panel) of an Ordnance Department voucher, Memphis, Mch 28th 1862: Quinby & Robinson, No. Voucher 1061 / 1092, $2,609 20/100[?]
Filmed landscape (1600 x 985): the outside of a folded voucher laid open, the left two-thirds being the blank blue-ruled back of the sheet and the endorsement panel occupying the right third, between a heavy vertical fold crease at about two-thirds across and the sheet's right edge, where a second crease has darkened and slightly abraded the paper. The panel is the standard printed docket form — firm name over a heavy rule, the printed "No. Voucher ....." line with two numbers written in, the display line "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold gothic capitals, a printed dateline with place, month, day and year written in, a printed "$ ......" line with the amount, and a closing rule. Below the closing rule are two pen marks only: the abbreviation "Ch" with a trailing flourish, and beneath it a single flourished initial. There is no approving endorsement and no signature on this docket. The firm's name and the date are in a firm black ink; the "No. Voucher" line and the place are much paler. Across the lower half of the panel is the oval Record Division handstamp, struck twice and offset so the lettering doubles. Small pencil "13" register marks stand out in the blank left half of the sheet, two of them, and faint pencil specks run along the foot. The film's black masking frames the sheet top and bottom.
Quinby & Robinson
______________________________________________
No. Voucher 1 0 6 1
1 0 9 2
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis Mch 28th ................ 186 2
20
$ 2609 ---
100
______________________________________________
Ch
[flourished initial]
[oval handstamp, struck twice, overlapping:]
RECORD DIVISION,
REBEL ARCHIVES,
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: No account figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The docket carries no sum written out in words, so there is no internal check on its figure.
Flagged: The pairing holds, but the cents do not. This docket answers the account at image 97, the frame that follows it: image 97 is an Ordnance Department—Memphis account of March 1862, receipted by W. R. Hunt, and it foots at $2,609.25 — dollars, place, officer and month all agree, and the range again follows the pattern of the docket being filmed one frame BEFORE its account. But this docket's cents read 20, where the account's footing, the account's receipt written out in words ("Twenty Six hundred & Nine 25/100"), the duplicate account at image 99 and the duplicate docket at image 98 all read 25. I have compared the glyph directly with the "25" on image 98: there the 5 is written with the clerk's usual horizontal top bar over a small bowl, while the figure here is a large closed loop with no top bar — the form this hand uses for 0. On that comparison the reading is 20, and the docket is five cents short of the account it covers. I record it as seen; whether it is a slip of the pen on this copy or evidence that the sum was adjusted between the two copies cannot be settled from these frames. — The "No. Voucher" line carries 1061 over 1092 — the same pair as images 91, 93, 94 and 98, now against a fifth amount. It is a batch or file reference, not a voucher number. — This is the only docket in the range that is dated in full: Memphis, Mch 28th 1862. — Unlike the docket at image 91, this one bears no "Approved for ..." endorsement and no officer's signature; only the "Ch" mark and a single flourished initial below it, neither of which I can resolve.
Image 97 — Printed Ordnance Department—Memphis billhead, March 1862: round shot turned, 6.40-inch elongated shot, and 32-, 12-, 24-, 10-inch and 8-inch shot and shell; $2,609.25, receipted at Columbus, Miss., 12 June 1862
A single upright leaf filmed 993 x 1600 on the standard printed billhead — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." over an ornamental rule, "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in outline display capitals, the firm's name written across the head, "Dr." at the right — with faint blue horizontal ruling the full height and six vertical money rules down the right third. Nine entries and a footing fill the top quarter; the rest is empty ruled paper down to the printed certification line (left blank) and the fully executed receipt block ending "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)". The hand is a fine, sloped, rather scratchy clerk's hand in a grey ink that has faded, with the figures better preserved than the words; the receipt at the foot is in a second, larger and blacker hand, and the firm's signature is a third, heavily flourished. Down the left edge, outside the ruled date column, are two faint pencil marginalia, one against the second entry and one against the eighth — both against the 6.40-inch elongated shot lines; each begins with what reads as "3 4" and continues in a word too light to make out. Tick marks in a lighter ink stand in the date column against most entries. A horizontal fold crosses the sheet at about half its height, and a second near the foot; the left edge is slightly ragged where the leaf was separated. A pencil "13" sits in a money column beside the sixth entry. Small dark foxing specks run down the left margin. The film's black masking crowds the right edge.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1862
Mch 15 | 41 Rud Shot Turned 1 00 41 00
" | 96 6.40 Elongated Shot finished 10 09 968 64
14 | 16 32d Shot 512 d 6 1/2 33 28
" | 271 12d S C Shot 3252 d " 211 38
" | 123 24d Shell 2952 d " 191 88
18 | 104 10 inch Shot 13312 d " 865 28
" | 52 8 " " 3380 d " 219 70
" | 1 6.40 Elongated Shot finished 10 09 10 09
" | 68 Rud Shot Turned 1 00 68 00
---------
$2609 25
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
[line left blank]
Received, Columbus Miss June 12 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Twenty Six hundred Nine 25/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $2,609.25, on every line and on the footing. 41 round shot turned x $1.00 = $41.00; 96 elongated shot x $10.09 = $968.64; 512 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $33.28; 3252 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $211.38; 2952 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $191.88; 13312 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $865.28; 3380 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $219.70; 1 elongated shot x $10.09 = $10.09; 68 round shot turned x $1.00 = $68.00. The nine extensions sum: 41.00 + 968.64 + 33.28 + 211.38 + 191.88 + 865.28 + 219.70 + 10.09 + 68.00 = $2,609.25, which is the footing, and which the receipt states in words as "Twenty Six hundred Nine 25/100". The arithmetic also fixes the odd-looking unit price of the elongated shot: $10.09 each is confirmed twice over, once by 96 x 10.09 = 968.64 and once by the single shot on the eighth line extended at 10.09.
Flagged: The docket at image 96, which by this range's pattern answers this account, carries the cents as 20, not 25 — a five-cent divergence set out in full under image 96. Everything on this leaf, and everything on the duplicate pair at images 98 and 99, gives 25. — "Rud Shot" is written so on both this leaf and its duplicate; it is the clerk's contraction for round shot, and is kept as written rather than expanded. — "S C Shot" in the fourth entry is spherical case shot; the letters are clear but the expansion is a proposal, not a reading. — "32d", "12d" and "24d" are the clerk's superscript contraction for pounder, and "10 inch" and "8 inch" are written in full and by ditto respectively; the sizes are transcribed as they stand. — The first date is written with the open-topped glyph that this file uses for both 5 and 8, and on this leaf alone would read 10, 15 or 18. The duplicate at image 99 writes the same date with a clear barred 5, which settles it as March 15; that is a reading recovered from the duplicate, not from this sheet. — The quantity in the third entry is 16, not 6: the leading 1 is thin and rides against the column rule, and it is confirmed both by the duplicate at image 99 and by the weight, since 16 shot at 512 lb is 32 lb apiece, exactly a 32-pounder's ball. Every other weight on the sheet proves the same way — 271 twelve-pounder shot at 3252 lb is 12 lb apiece, 123 twenty-four-pounder shell at 2952 lb is 24 lb apiece, 104 ten-inch shot at 13312 lb is 128 lb apiece and 52 eight-inch shot at 3380 lb is 65 lb apiece, all of them the standard weights for those calibres. — The two pencil marginalia at the left edge, both against elongated-shot entries, begin "3 4" and then run into a word I cannot read; they may be a note of bore or of a fraction, but nothing on the sheet supports a reading and none is offered. — Unlike its duplicate at image 99, this copy carries NO certificate of receipt by a storekeeper: the account runs straight from the footing to the printed certification line, which is itself left blank. — The place of receipt is again Columbus, Mississippi, in June 1862, for goods furnished at Memphis in March.
Image 98 — Printed docket (endorsement panel) of an Ordnance Department voucher, Memphis [186_]: Quinby & Robinson, No. Voucher 1061 / 1092, $2,609.25, approved by W. R. Hunt
Filmed landscape (1600 x 985): the outside of a folded voucher laid open, the left two-thirds the blank blue-ruled back of the sheet, the printed endorsement panel occupying the right third between a heavy vertical fold crease and the sheet's right edge. Near the top left of the blank half is a short tear or crease in the paper. The panel follows the standard form — a heavy rule across the top, the printed "No. Voucher ....." line with two numbers written in, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold gothic capitals, a printed dateline with only the place filled in, a printed "$ ......" line with the amount, and a closing rule — but here the firm's name is written BELOW the closing rule rather than above the top one, at the head of the endorsement, and beneath it stands a full approving endorsement in a large free hand with W. R. Hunt's signature and title. Low on the panel is a large looping pen paraph. The docket head is in pale grey-brown ink; the endorsement below is in a stronger, blacker ink and a broad hand. To the right of the panel, printed across the ruled paper, is the oval Record Division handstamp, struck twice and offset so the lettering doubles. A pencil "13" register mark sits in the blank left half, and faint pencil specks along the foot. The film's black masking frames the sheet top and bottom.
______________________________________________
No. Voucher 1 0 6 1
1 0 9 2
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, .......................... 186 ...
$ 2609 25
______________________________________________
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for Twenty Six
hundred & Nine & 25/100 dollars
W R Hunt
Maj Comdg[?] Arsenal[?] C[?]
[large looping paraph]
[oval handstamp, struck twice, overlapping:]
RECORD DIVISION,
REBEL ARCHIVES,
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: No account figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The one internal test the docket allows, it passes: the figure "$2609 25" and the endorsement written out in words, "Twenty Six hundred & Nine & 25/100 dollars", agree exactly at $2,609.25.
Flagged: This docket pairs with the account at image 99, the frame that follows it — the duplicate copy of the March 1862 shot and shell account — and matches it exactly on amount ($2,609.25 in figures and in words on the docket; $2,609.25 footed and receipted on the account), on the officer (W. R. Hunt), and on place (Memphis). The range's pattern of the docket one frame BEFORE its account holds here as it does at images 91/92 and 96/97. — Read together with image 96, this docket also settles the five-cent question raised there: three of the four sheets covering this transaction (this docket, and the accounts at images 97 and 99) give 25 cents, and only image 96's docket gives 20. — The "No. Voucher" line again carries 1061 over 1092, the sixth appearance of that pair in this range and now against its third distinct amount; it is a batch or file reference and is recorded as seen. — The dateline gives the place, Memphis, but the day, month and year were never filled in; the printed "186" stands unfinished. — Hunt's title line is written flat and fast. "Maj" is certain; the second word reads as "Comdg"; the third, which I read as "Arsenal", is the same word that appears in the same position on the docket at image 91, where I offered "Ordnance" — on this clearer impression "Arsenal" is the better reading, and the two dockets should be taken to carry the same title. The final letter, a lone "C", is presumably the start of "C.S.A." left unfinished. Neither reading is certain and both are flagged. — The paraph low on the panel matches the one on image 91's docket; it is a pen flourish, not a legible signature.
Image 99 — Printed Ordnance Department—Memphis billhead, March 1862: the DUPLICATE of the account at image 97 — round shot turned, 6.40-inch elongated shot, 32-, 12-, 24-, 10-inch and 8-inch shot and shell; $2,609.25, certified received by Jno E. Logwood and receipted at Columbus, Miss., 12 June 1862
A single upright leaf filmed 987 x 1600, on the same printed billhead as image 97 and carrying the same nine entries, written out a second time as the signed duplicate. This is the better-written of the two copies: a larger, rounder, more upright hand in a darker ink, with the calibres and the word "inch" formed clearly where image 97 runs them together, and every figure sharp. Faint blue horizontal ruling runs the full height, six vertical money rules divide the right third, and the entries with their footing occupy the top quarter; below them, in the same hand, is a three-line certificate that the stores have been received, which the copy at image 97 does not carry. The rest of the sheet is empty ruled paper down to the printed certification line (left blank) and the fully executed receipt block ending "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)". A bold pen cross stands against each of the nine extensions — a checking mark, not a cancellation. Down the left edge, outside the date column, are four faint pencil marginalia, one against the second entry, one against the seventh, one against the eighth and one against the ninth, the last two joined by a hand-drawn brace; in the right-hand margin, outside the money rules, are three more, against the second, seventh and eighth entries. All seven are in a soft pencil now very light. Two horizontal folds cross the sheet, one at about a third and one near the foot, and a broad pale water or damp stain spreads through the empty middle of the leaf. The left edge is ragged where the leaf was separated. The film's black masking crowds the right edge.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
March 1862
[M.S.?] 15 | 41 Rud Shot Turned 1 00 41 00 X
[3 3/4 Read?] " | 96 6.40 Elongated Shot finished 10 09 968 64 X [right margin: 32.]
14 | 16 32 Shot 512 " 6 1/2 33 28 X
" | 271 -12 S.C. Shott 3252 " " 211 38 X
" | 123 24 " Shell 2952 " " 191 88 X
18 | 104 10 inch Shot 13312 " " 865 28 X
[bed bore?] " | 52 8 " " 3380 " " 219 70 X [right margin: 6 ?for]
" | 1 6.40 Elongated Shot finished 10 09 X [right margin: 3 2 for]
" | 68 Rud Shot Turned 1 00 68 00 X
---------
$2609 25
I certify that the above have been
received John E Logwood M. S. K.[?]
By O[?] T[?] Naffarraw[?], Clk
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
[line left blank]
Received, Columbus Miss June 12 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Twenty Six hundred Nine 25/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $2,609.25, line by line and on the footing, on the same arithmetic as image 97: 41 x $1.00 = $41.00; 96 x $10.09 = $968.64; 512 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $33.28; 3252 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $211.38; 2952 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $191.88; 13312 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $865.28; 3380 lb x 6 1/2 cts = $219.70; 1 x $10.09 = $10.09; 68 x $1.00 = $68.00; and 41.00 + 968.64 + 33.28 + 211.38 + 191.88 + 865.28 + 219.70 + 10.09 + 68.00 = $2,609.25, the footing, which the receipt states in words as "Twenty Six hundred Nine 25/100". Every figure agrees to the cent with the same figure on image 97, so the two copies check each other as well as themselves. The weights prove a second time against the calibres: 512 lb over 16 shot is 32 lb apiece, 3252 lb over 271 is 12 lb, 2952 lb over 123 is 24 lb, 13312 lb over 104 is 128 lb (the standard 10-inch solid shot) and 3380 lb over 52 is 65 lb (the standard 8-inch). Nothing on this sheet is out by a cent or a pound.
Flagged: This leaf and image 97 are the two "signed duplicates" of one account, not two transactions, and must not be counted twice. Two differences between the copies are worth recording. First, this copy is the clearer, and it settles two readings image 97 left open: the first date, written here with an unmistakable barred 5, is March 15; and the third entry's quantity is 16, not 6, which the weight confirms at 32 lb a shot. Second, this copy carries a certificate of receipt by the storekeeper which image 97 lacks entirely. — The receiving officer signs "John E Logwood" with a title I read as "M. S. K." — Military Storekeeper — though the final letter could be an E; the same officer, written "Jno E Logwood", certifies the howitzer account at image 94. The clerk who signs beneath him, "By ... Clk", I cannot resolve: the surname reads to me as "Naffarraw" and the initials as "O T", and neither should be relied on. It is the same signature that appears on image 94, where I offered "Jno W Ezzell"; the two attempts do not agree, and the name must be left open. — The seven pencil marginalia are the most tantalising marks in this range and the least legible. The one against the 96 elongated shot appears to end in a four-letter word that could be read "Read" — which would be a note of Dr J. B. Read's pattern of elongated shot and sabot, work this firm is documented as doing elsewhere in the file — but the pencil is too far gone for me to assert it, and I record only that the word is there and is not resolved. The others read approximately "M.S.", "bed bore", "32.", "6 ?for" and "3 2 for"; none is offered as a reading. — "Rud Shot" and "Shott" are the clerk's own spellings and are kept. — The crosses against the extensions are in a heavier pen than the account and were made by a checking officer; they mark the lines as examined, and should not be read as cancellations of the kind struck across image 94. — The docket for this copy is at image 98, filmed one frame before it.
Image 100 — Docket (folded wrapper endorsement), Ordnance Department: "#1061 / 1092", Quinby & Robinson, $17,839.08, approved by W. R. Hunt
A folded paper wrapper filmed flat and lying on its side across the frame (1600 x 1248), showing three panels: a wide blank left panel, the written middle panel, and a narrower right panel. Two vertical folds run the full height of the frame, grey and softened with handling, and a faint horizontal fold crosses the upper third. All the writing is on the middle panel and runs with the fold, in a large, fast, looping hand in iron-gall ink now faded to a pale grey-brown — so pale in places that the figures survive only as a thin scratch. The exception is the word "Approved," which was gone over a second time with a much wetter pen and has blotted into a solid black tangle, the underlying letters no longer separable. There is no printed matter on this face. Along the right-hand edge of the frame, mirror-reversed show-through from the inner face carries the engraved billhead line "Confederate States of America" and the ghosts of several ruled lines and entries. Near the foot of the middle panel is the oval purple-black RECORD DIVISION / (REBEL ARCHIVES) / WAR DEPARTMENT handstamp, struck firmly but partly obscured by a large looping ink flourish written across it. The sheet is clean, with no tear or loss; scattered dark specks and one short scratch mark the left panel.
# 1061
1092
Quinby & Robinson
17,839.08
Approved for Seventeen
Thousand, Eight hundred &
Thirty Nine 08/100 dollars
W R Hunt
Maj Comdg Arsenal
[oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION,
* (REBEL ARCHIVES) *
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: The docket carries one figure and it proves against its own words. The numeral reads 17,839.08 and the approval spells it out as "Seventeen Thousand, Eight hundred & Thirty Nine 08/100 dollars" — numeral and words agree exactly. This settles the open-topped-8 trap twice over on one sheet: the hundreds digit of the numeral, which could be argued to a long-s 5 ("17,539"), is fixed at 8 by the written "Eight hundred," and the cents figure, likewise ambiguous, is fixed at 08 by the written "08/100" superscript over "100." No account is present on this face, so there are no extensions or footing to test here.
Flagged: The two numbers at the head are the least certain readings on the sheet. The first is preceded by a bold "#" and reads 1061 — the third digit carries a small closing loop across its top that the plain zeros elsewhere on the sheet (in 1092, and in 100 of "08/100") do not have, which is why it is read 6 and not 0; a reader who takes it as 0 would get 1001. The second number, 1092, is firm in its first three digits; the fourth is a two written with a flat base stroke and could conceivably be argued to 4, but the flat foot favours 2. Per the standing rule these are recorded as seen and not construed: they are written, not printed, so they are not form numbers, but whether either is the voucher number, an account number or a batch reference is not stated on the sheet. The word "Approved" is inked over so heavily that only its first and last letters are independently legible; it is read from the sense of the line and from the identical formula on the other Hunt dockets in this file. Hunt's rank line reads "Maj Comdg Arsenal" — I can see no word between "Comdg" and "Arsenal" here, unlike the docket at image 80 in this file where a fourth word (read there as "Conf") intervenes. No place and no date of any kind appear anywhere on this wrapper — not even a printed year — so the sheet dates itself only by association with its neighbour. Pairing is tested at image 101.
Image 101 — Account (upper part), "Confederate States of America" billhead, June 11, 1862: iron castings, gun metal, coke, coal, lathes for boring cannon, cannon, howitzers, grape and shot — page runs off the bottom of the frame
The top two-thirds of a large upright account sheet, filmed square (1600 x 1253) with the top edge of the paper showing as a white band against the black film ground, and the foot of the sheet running off the bottom of the frame so that the last entry is sliced through and everything below it is lost from this exposure. The billhead is printed in ornamental blackletter — "Confederate States of America," alone, with no "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" or "MEMPHIS" line above or below it, which distinguishes this form from the Memphis Ordnance billheads used elsewhere in the file. To its right the printed "To ____ Dr." is filled with "Quinby & Robinson" in a very large, sweeping, confident hand quite unlike the small clerkly hand of the entries. Beneath runs a printed rule with a boxed date column headed "186_" (the terminal "2" supplied in ink) and, at the far right, a printed "REMARKS." column which is left entirely empty. The body is ruled with faint vertical lines making a date column, a wide description column, a rate column, a two-part money column and two narrow columns at the right; entries are in a small, even, upright commercial hand in black ink, well preserved. Every extension carries an inked audit cross in the column immediately right of the money. Two soft vertical folds run down the sheet, one just left of centre and one to the right of the money columns, both visible at the head as creases in the white top edge. There is light foxing and one small ink smudge beside the "Gun Metal" line, a faint circular stain across the middle-right of the sheet, and a small pencil "13" in the left margin beside the second entry. No handstamp appears on this face.
Confederate States of America, To Quinby & Robinson Dr
1862. | REMARKS.
______________________________________________________________|__________
June 11 116. Tons Iron Castings 50 $ 5.800 x
4 Gun Flasks 15,748" 5 c 787 40 x
1065" Gun Metal 40 c 426 x
416 Bus Coke 22 91 52 x
60 Bbls Coal 1 50 90 x
4 Lathes for Boreing Cannon $700 — 2800 x
Reaming 77 – 13 in Shell 60 c 46 20 x
13 Stands 24 Pdr Grape 2 25 29 25 x
40 " 12 " " 1 17 46 80 x
3 – 24 Pd Iron Cannon 19710 10 1971 x
2 – 12 " Bronze Howitzers 1576" 94 c 1481 44 x
2 – 12" " Guns 2211" " 2078 34 x
1 – 12 " Iron Cannon 4100" 9 369 x
140 – 10 in Shot 17,640" 6½ 1146 60 x
1 – 64" " " 4 16 x
1 – 32" Read " 43" " 2 80 x
1 Copper Sabot on cone 3" 60 [extension cut off
by the film edge]
Checks: Sixteen of the seventeen entries prove exactly, quantity x rate against extension: 116 tons x $50 = $5,800; 15,748 lb x 5c = $787.40; 1,065 lb x 40c = $426.00; 416 bushels x 22c = $91.52; 60 barrels x $1.50 = $90.00; 4 lathes x $700 = $2,800; 77 shells reamed x 60c = $46.20; 13 stands x $2.25 = $29.25; 40 stands x $1.17 = $46.80; 19,710 lb x 10c = $1,971.00; 1,576 lb x 94c = $1,481.44; 2,211 lb x 94c (ditto) = $2,078.34; 4,100 lb x 9c = $369.00; 17,640 lb x 6½c = $1,146.60; 64 lb x 6½c (ditto) = $4.16. The seventeenth, "1 – 32" Read " 43"" at 6½c, computes to $2.795 and is entered $2.80 — the clerk has rounded a half-cent up; that is his figure and it stands. The final line's extension is cut away by the film edge and cannot be tested. The sixteen readable extensions foot to $17,170.51. There is no footing on this exposure — the sheet runs off the frame before any total is reached.
Flagged: The two figures most exposed to the open-topped-digit trap on this sheet are settled by arithmetic, not by eye. The rate on the first line and the first digit of its extension are formed identically and could each be argued 5 or 6; 116 tons at $50 gives exactly $5,800, while $60 would give $6,960, so both are 5. The same test fixes "$2 80" on the Read-shot line as a two and not a seven (a seven would be impossible against a 43 lb shot at 6½c). The last entry is the weakest reading on this exposure: the film edge amputates the descenders and the money column. On this frame the first word appeared to read "Pattern"; the next frame, image 102, re-films the same line more cleanly and shows it plainly as "Copper" — a capital C, an o, two descending p's, e, r — and the transcription above has been corrected to "1 Copper Sabot on cone" on that authority, with the correction recorded here rather than made silently. "Sabot" is firm on both frames, with a clear b ascender and a crossed t. "Reaming 77 – 13 in Shell" is read as thirteen-inch shell; the "13" is unambiguous and "in" is written out, so the reading is firm even though thirteen-inch work is unexpected here. No place is named on the sheet — the billhead carries no "Memphis" line — and no officer signs this exposure. Pairing with the docket at image 100: the docket's figure is $17,839.08; the sixteen provable extensions here foot to $17,170.51, leaving $668.57 to be accounted for by the cut line and whatever follows below the frame. The docket therefore sits within reach of this account rather than contradicting it, but the match is not proved on this exposure alone; see image 102.
Image 102 — Same account continued and closed: last four entries, footing $17,839.08, printed certification left blank, receipted at Columbus, Miss., June 13th 1862 by Quinby & Robinson
The foot of the same sheet begun at image 101, filmed as a second exposure (1600 x 1294) with an overlap of one line — the "1 – 32" Read" shot entry appears again, sliced along the top edge of this frame, which proves the two images are consecutive parts of one sheet and not two documents. Below four short entries and the footing, the sheet is almost entirely blank down to the printed closing matter: the ruled columns run empty for more than half the frame, crossed only by a faint horizontal fold about two-thirds down and by two soft vertical folds continuing from the upper exposure. The printed closing block is in small roman type and is badly under-inked in places, so that "account" in the certification line and "been" and "accounted" below it have partly dropped out and read as broken letters. The certification is entirely unexecuted — no sum written in, no officer's name, no signature. Only the receipt below it is filled, in the same large sweeping hand that wrote the firm's name at the head, with the printed dot leaders of the form running from "Thirty Nine" into the word "Dollars." The firm's signature at the lower right is a very large flourished "Quinby & Robinson." A small pencil "13" sits in the margin at the second line and a second pencil figure, read as "53," sits above the printed word "been" — both look like modern archival foliation or file marks rather than period writing. No handstamp appears on this face; the paper is clean, unstained and untorn.
[top line repeated from image 101, cut by the frame edge:]
1 – 32" Read " 43" " 2 80 x
1 Copper Sabot on cone 3" 60 1 80 x
Turning & finishing 132 Read Shot 1 00 132 x
53 Travis Shot fitted up Complete 10 09 534 77
____________________
$17,839 08 x
I CERTIFY that the above account is correct and just, amounting to
[blank]
and that the property has been received and will be accounted for
[blank]
RECEIVED, Columbus Miss' June 13th 186 2 , of
W R Hunt Ordnance Officer C S A[?] Seventeen Thousand eight hundred &
Thirty Nine ........ Dollars Eight Cents, in full of the above account.
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: All four entries on this exposure prove exactly: 3 lb x 60c = $1.80; 132 shot turned and finished x $1.00 = $132.00; 53 Travis shot x $10.09 = $534.77. Carried against the sixteen provable extensions of image 101 ($17,170.51) plus the half-cent-rounded Read-shot line already counted there, the four lines here add $668.57, and $17,170.51 + $668.57 = $17,839.08 — the clerk's footing exactly, to the cent. The account therefore proves exactly at $17,839.08 with no divergence anywhere. The written receipt independently confirms the figure: "Seventeen Thousand eight hundred & Thirty Nine Dollars Eight Cents." That settles the open-topped-8 trap three separate ways on this account — the numeral, the footing, and the receipt in words all give 839.08, so no reading of 539 or 17,539 is possible.
Flagged: The doubtful word on the previous frame is resolved here. This cleaner exposure of the same line shows the first word plainly as "Copper" — a capital C, an o, two descending p's, e, r — not "Pattern" as it appeared on the darker upper frame; the entry reads "1 Copper Sabot on cone 3"" at 60c the pound, $1.80. Read that correction back into image 101. "Sabot" is firm, with a clear b ascender and crossed t under a small ink blot. "Travis Shot" is firmly written, capital T, and the maker or patentee is not further identified anywhere on the sheet; I record it as seen and propose nothing. "Read Shot," twice on this frame, is spelled R-e-a-d and is plainly the same word written in full at the "1 – 32" Read "" line of image 101. Place and date: the receipt is executed at "Columbus Miss'" — Columbus, Mississippi, written with an abbreviation stroke, not Columbus, Kentucky; the abbreviation is unambiguous. The day reads 13th: the second digit is the angular z-form three this clerk uses in "132" two lines above, not the closed-loop-and-flag five he uses in "53" and "15,748," so "15th" is excluded. The year is the printed "186_" with a "2" supplied in ink. The letters after "Ordnance Officer" are run together into an interlaced monogram and are read "C S A" with reservation — the middle letter is a long descending loop rather than a plain S. The printed certification block is wholly blank, which matches the pattern noted elsewhere in this file of sheets carrying an executed receipt but no executed certificate; W. R. Hunt is named here only as the officer who paid, and he does not sign this face. Pairing with image 100: the docket immediately BEFORE this account carries $17,839.08 and the name Quinby & Robinson, and the account foots to $17,839.08 — figure and party match exactly. The docket carries no place and no date, so those cannot be cross-tested, but on the figure the pairing is proved. This range therefore follows the "docket one frame before its account" pattern rather than the mismatched pattern.
Image 103 — Docket (folded wrapper endorsement), "#1061 / 1092", Quinby & Robinson: a column of nine account totals footing $54,319.79, with a further calculation, approved by W. R. Hunt for $14,524.20
The same kind of folded wrapper as image 100, filmed flat on its side (1600 x 1191) in three panels — a wide blank left panel, the written middle panel, and a right panel carrying the handstamps. The ink here is far paler than on image 100: most of the figure column is a thread-thin grey scratch that survives only in raking light, and several rows are legible on the film only after the background is flattened. A few strokes — the dashes at the left of each figure, the word "Approved," and Hunt's signature — were made with a wetter pen and stand out black against the rest. Two vertical folds run the full height, and a long horizontal crease crosses the middle panel about two-thirds down, cutting across the figure column between the sixth and seventh rows; a second, shorter crease shows at the upper left. Show-through from the inner face is heavy across the whole sheet, laying faint mirror-image writing under the figures and making some of them hard to separate from the ghost beneath. Two handstamps overlap on the right panel: the oval RECORD DIVISION / (REBEL ARCHIVES) / WAR DEPARTMENT stamp, struck heavily and clearly, and beneath and to its right a larger circular stamp with a beaded rim, struck so unevenly that nothing in it can be read. The foot of the middle panel, where a large "O. O." is written, is clipped by the film edge. A small pencil "13" sits at the upper left, matching the pencil marks on the account of images 101–102.
# 1061
1092
Quinby & Robinson
$14.524 20/100
$ 17.839.08
— 2,044[?] . 20[?]
— 2.609 . 20
— 2.467 . 02
— 1.467 . 20
— 761 . 00
— 53 . 00
— 8.148 . 04
______________
$ 54.319 . 79
Less . 750 .
______________
$ 53.564[?] . 79
18.501[?] . 09
furnished[?] ______________
35.0[--] . 70
Approved for fourteen thousand
five hundred & twenty four
20/100 dollars
W R Hunt
Maj Comdg Arsenal
O. O.
[oval handstamp:] [second, circular handstamp,
RECORD DIVISION, beaded rim, struck over the
* (REBEL ARCHIVES) * lower part of the oval —
WAR DEPARTMENT. wholly illegible]
Checks: The second figure in the column, $17,839.08, is exactly the total of the account transcribed at images 101–102, so this wrapper reaches across that account as well. The approval proves against the first figure: "fourteen thousand five hundred & twenty four 20/100 dollars" is $14,524.20, which is the top line of the column, written there with the "20" set over "100" and ringed. The subtraction below the footing proves exactly: $54,319.79 less $750.00 = $53,569.79, and the written result is read as "$53,564[?].79" — the digit before the decimal point is the one glyph in that figure I cannot settle, and the arithmetic says it must be a 9, so the figure is $53,569.79 and the stroke is a nine badly formed. The column itself does NOT foot as I read it. Adding the nine figures as transcribed gives $14,524.20 + $17,839.08 + $2,044.20 + $2,609.20 + $2,467.02 + $1,467.20 + $761.00 + $53.00 + $8,148.04 = $49,912.94, against the clerk's $54,319.79 — a divergence of $4,406.85. Eight of the nine rows are legible enough that I will stand behind them; the third is not, and if that row were $6,451.05 the column would foot to the clerk's figure exactly. I do not read $6,451.05 there, so I record the divergence rather than manufacture the reading. The last calculation on the sheet cannot be proved: $53,569.79 less the figure read as $18,501[?].09 gives $35,068.70, and the written result reads "35,0[--].70" with the hundreds and tens digits lost — the tens of cents agree, which is as far as the proof goes.
Flagged: The third figure in the column is the one genuine failure of reading on this sheet. Its dollars are a broken scratch that admits "2,044," "2,644" and "2,844" about equally, and its cents, which sit right against the frame's dark edge, are past recovery; the arithmetic of the column demands $6,451.05 in that place, which is not what the strokes suggest, so I leave the reading doubtful and the divergence on the record. Two figures below the footing — "18,501[?].09" and "35,0[--].70" — are pencil-fine and heavily crossed by show-through; I have given what I can see and marked the rest lost. The word written to the left of the last subtraction is read "furnished" with reservation: the initial letter is a long descending loop that could be f or p, and the word is boxed by a faint bracket. The head of this wrapper repeats "#1061 / 1092 / Quinby & Robinson" exactly as at image 100 — the same two numbers, in the same hand and the same arrangement — but the two wrappers approve different sums, $17,839.08 at image 100 and $14,524.20 here. That is the batch-reference pattern this file is known for, and per the standing rule I record both as seen and do not treat either number as the voucher number of either sheet. No place and no date appear anywhere on this docket. Pairing: on figure alone, this docket does NOT answer the account at images 101–102, whose total is $17,839.08 and which is already answered by the docket at image 100; this wrapper approves $14,524.20 and its column merely lists $17,839.08 among nine sums, so it is a summary wrapper for a group of accounts rather than the docket to any one of them. Whether the $14,524.20 account follows in this range is tested at image 104.
Image 104 — Account, "Confederate States of America" billhead, June 11, 1862: 10-, 9- and 32-inch shot, Read and Archer projectiles, rifling with copper, grape castings, brass howitzers and 12-pdr guns — $14,524.20, certified received by John E. Logwood, M.S.K.
An upright account sheet on the same plain "Confederate States of America," billhead as image 101 — the blackletter head line, the printed "To ____ Dr." filled "Quinby & Robinson" in the same large sweeping hand, the boxed "1862." date column with the terminal "2" in ink, and the printed "REMARKS." column at the right left empty (1600 x 1198). The frame takes in the whole sheet down to the certification, which is itself sliced by the film edge so that the descenders of the signature line are lost. The entries are in the same small even clerkly hand as image 101, in black ink, and every extension carries an inked audit cross. Two vertical folds cross the sheet and a horizontal fold runs beneath the tenth entry, right where the clerk has drawn a rule and struck a subtotal. The right third of the sheet is thick with show-through: the ghost of a large circular handstamp, a mirror-image ghost of the oval RECORD DIVISION stamp, and several ghost figures — all of it printing through from the folded wrapper this sheet was carried in, not writing on this face. On the "3 – 12 Pdr Brass Howitzers" line a figure in the rate column has been cancelled with two heavy horizontal strokes and is no longer legible. A brace joins the two howitzer lines to a single weight and a single extension. The paper is clean and unstained apart from light foxing specks along the left margin.
Confederate States of America, To Quinby & Robinson Dr
1862. | REMARKS.
______________________________________________________________|__________
June 11 720 – 10 in Shot 90720" 6½ 5.896 80 x
141 – 9 " " 9024" " 586 56 x
44 – 32" " " 1408" " 91 52 x
Turning & finishing 321 Read Shot 1 00 321 x
18 – 6 in Archer Shot 1240" 6½ 80 60 x
Rifleing with Copper 153" 60 91 80 x
" 46 – 6 in Archer Shell with Copper 391" " 234 60 x
88 Stands 12 Pdr Grape Castings 1232" 6½ 80 08 x
66" Wrt Iron Rings & Pins 16⅔ 11 x
Putting up 88 Stands Grape 10 8 80
____________
$7.402 76 x
3 – 12 Pdr Brass Howitzers } [cancelled figure, illegible]
1 – 12 " " " } 3152 94 c 2962 88 x
4 – 12 " " Guns 4424" 94 c 4158 56 7121 44
____________________
$14524 20 $14.524.20
I certify that the above have been
Recieved John E Logwood M. S. K.[?]
Checks: Every extension proves exactly. 90,720 lb x 6½c = $5,896.80; 9,024 lb x 6½c = $586.56; 1,408 lb x 6½c = $91.52; 321 shot turned and finished x $1.00 = $321.00; 1,240 lb x 6½c = $80.60; 153 lb x 60c = $91.80; 391 lb x 60c = $234.60; 1,232 lb x 6½c = $80.08; 66 lb x 16⅔c = $11.00 exactly; 88 stands put up x 10c = $8.80. Those ten extensions foot to $7,402.76, which is the clerk's own subtotal to the cent. Below the rule, 3,152 lb of brass howitzer x 94c = $2,962.88 and 4,424 lb of 12-pdr gun x 94c = $4,158.56, and those two carry out to $7,121.44, again exactly. $7,402.76 + $7,121.44 = $14,524.20, which is the footing, written twice at the foot of the money column — once as "$14524 20" and once, larger, as "$14.524.20." The account therefore proves exactly at $14,524.20 with no divergence anywhere, and it matches the approval on the docket at image 103 ("fourteen thousand five hundred & twenty four 20/100 dollars") to the cent.
Flagged: The cancelled figure in the rate column of the "3 – 12 Pdr Brass Howitzers" line is struck through twice and cannot be read; what survives suggests a two-figure sum with a superscript, and the brace drawn afterwards shows the clerk decided to weigh and extend the three howitzers together with the fourth on the line below, so the cancelled figure was a first attempt that he abandoned. I do not reconstruct it. "Rifleing" and "Recieved" are the clerk's spellings and stand uncorrected. "Archer Shot" and "Archer Shell" are firmly written with a capital A; the maker or patentee is not identified on the sheet and I propose nothing. "Read Shot" appears again here, spelled R-e-a-d, alongside the two Archer entries — the same two projectile names occur on the account at images 101–102. The certification is signed "John E Logwood" with what follows read "M. S. K." — the letters sit right on the film edge and their descenders are cut, so the reading is offered with reservation; a military storekeeper's abbreviation would suit the position of the signature, but that is a proposal, not the page. No place is named anywhere on this sheet, and this account carries no receipt from the firm and no certificate from W. R. Hunt — only Logwood's certificate that the articles have been received. The date is "June 11" against the printed 1862, the same day as the account at images 101–102. Pairing: this account is exactly answered by the docket at image 103, which sits one frame BEFORE it and approves $14,524.20. Figure and party match exactly; neither sheet carries a place, and only the account carries a date, so date and place cannot be cross-tested. Together with the pair at images 100–102, this range holds to the "docket one frame before its account" pattern.
Image 105 — TWO documents in one frame: (a) foot of the $14,524.20 account of image 104, receipted at Columbus, Miss., June 13th 1862; (b) a docket on the printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT / Memphis" form, No. Voucher 1061 / 1892[?], $7407 20, approved by W. R. Hunt
A large, clean exposure (2550 x 3300) holding two separate items stacked with a broad band of black film masking between them. The upper item is the lower half of the account sheet begun at image 104, overlapping it by two lines: Logwood's certificate appears again at the very top, this time complete and with a third line beneath it that the earlier frame cut away. Below that the ruled columns run empty for two-thirds of the sheet, crossed by a vertical fold left of centre and a heavier one to the right, with a horizontal fold across the middle; a small tear or pen-puncture sits on the fold beside the word "Recieved," and the sheet has a torn upper right corner and a slightly ragged right edge showing the leaves beneath. Two figures are written in the empty field in a different, softer, greyer ink or pencil — "$250 05[?]" high on the left and, much fainter, "750" near the middle. The printed closing block is under-inked in the same way as image 102, and the certification is again entirely unexecuted; only the receipt is filled, in the large sweeping hand. The lower item is a folded wrapper shown flat in four panels, all writing on the second panel from the left, this one on a genuinely printed docket form: "No. Voucher ........", then a bold gothic-sans "ORDNANCE DEPARTNENT." (the second M is set as an N — a printer's wrong sort, and it is plainly an N with full diagonal, not a broken M), then a script "Memphis, ........ 186__" date line left entirely blank, then a printed "$" against a dotted rule. The sum is written across that rule in a heavy hand over what appears to be a printed black safety panel or heavy rule, so that the digits stand light against dark. The oval RECORD DIVISION / (REBEL ARCHIVES) / WAR DEPARTMENT handstamp is struck at the foot of the panel and a large looping ink flourish crosses it. A pale rectangular patch of lighter paper, roughly the size of a small label, shows at the upper left of the leftmost panel.
(a) FOOT OF THE ACCOUNT OF IMAGE 104
I certify that the above have been
Recieved John E Logwood M. S. K.
By D T Saffarrans[?] Clk
$250 05[?]
750
I CERTIFY that the above account is correct and just, amounting to
[blank]
and that the property has been received and will be accounted for
[blank]
RECEIVED, Columbus Miss June 13th 186 2 , of
W R Hunt Ordnance officer C S A Fourteen Thousand Five hundred
& twenty four Dollars " twenty Cents, in full of the above account.
Quinby & Robinson
(b) DOCKET
No. Voucher .......... 1061
1892[?]
ORDNANCE DEPARTNENT.
Memphis, .................... 186__
$ 7407 20
______________________
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for Seventy
four hundred & Seven
20/100 dollars
W R Hunt
Maj Comdg Arsenal
[oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION,
* (REBEL ARCHIVES) *
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: The receipt on the upper document proves the account of image 104 in words: "Fourteen Thousand Five hundred & twenty four Dollars, twenty Cents" is $14,524.20, exactly the footing carried at the foot of that sheet and exactly the sum approved on the docket at image 103. Three independent statements of the figure — the account's own addition, the docket's approval in words, and this receipt in words — all agree, so $14,524.20 is settled beyond argument and no open-topped digit is in play. The docket below proves against its own words: the numeral $7407 20 is spelled out as "Seventy four hundred & Seven 20/100 dollars," that is $7,407.20; numeral and words agree, so the third digit, which alone could have been argued from 0 to 6 or 8, is fixed. There are no extensions on either item and nothing further to prove here.
Flagged: The clerk's name in the third line of Logwood's certificate is read "D T Saffarrans" with reservation — the surname is written fast, with a double f and a terminal flourish, and the vowels are not all separable; "Saffarrans" is the best reading of the strokes and I mark it doubtful rather than settle it. "M. S. K." after Logwood's name is now clear of the film edge and reads plainly, though what the letters stand for is not written out anywhere on the sheet. The two loose figures in the empty field of the account — "$250 05[?]" and "750" — are in a different and much softer medium from the account itself and look like a later hand casting up something on the blank paper; the cents of the first are the doubtful part, an open loop and a five that could be 05 or 65. The "750" is worth noting against the docket at image 103, where "Less . 750." is deducted from the column footing, but the two are not connected by anything written on either sheet and I offer that only as an observation. On the docket, the printed head reads "ORDNANCE DEPARTNENT." with an N where the second M belongs; that is what the type says and I record it as printed. The manuscript number beneath "No. Voucher" reads 1061, the same first number carried on the wrappers at images 100 and 103; the second number here reads 1892, with a distinct double loop in the second digit, where the same position on images 100 and 103 reads 1092 with a plain single oval. I record both as seen and do not reconcile them; note that the printed "No. Voucher" line is a form line, so 1061 is a written number and not a form number, but with the same 1061 appearing on three wrappers carrying three different sums — $17,839.08, $14,524.20 and $7,407.20 — it behaves as a batch reference, exactly the pattern this file is known for. The "Memphis" date line on the docket is printed but wholly unfilled, so the docket names Memphis as the form's place of issue and gives no date at all. Pairing: this docket does NOT answer the account above it in the same frame — that account is $14,524.20 and is already answered at image 103. It approves $7,407.20, which does not appear in the column of nine sums on image 103 either. Whether it answers the account at image 106 is tested there.
Image 106 — TWO documents in one frame: (a) account, "Ordnance Department—Memphis," dated April 15 1862 for ten 12-pdr bronze howitzers delivered February–March, re-rated from a cancelled column to 7880 lb at 94c = $7,407.20, receipted at Columbus, Miss., June 12 1862; (b) a docket, No. Voucher 792, Ordnance Department, Memphis, May[?] 1862, footing $1570.56
A tall, clean exposure (2550 x 3300) with two items stacked and a band of black film masking between them. The upper item is a complete account sheet, narrow and upright, on the full Memphis form: a roman "Ordnance Department—Memphis." above a small printer's ornament, then the blackletter "Confederate States of America," then the printed "To ____ Dr." filled "Quinby & Robinson" in the large sweeping hand, with "April 15 1862" written at the left in the same hand. The body is ruled into a date column, a quantity column, a wide description column and three narrow money columns at the right. Only four entry lines are used; below them the sheet runs blank for two-thirds of its height. The whole of the first money column has been cancelled with one enormous X drawn corner to corner across all four extensions, and the account re-cast on the line beneath. Two loose figures stand in the blank field: a large "$1300 20/100" at the left, and lower and further right a faint pencil long multiplication set out in full. The paper has one vertical fold left of centre, two more to the right of the money columns, and a horizontal fold low down; it is clean, with a slightly ragged left edge and a small pencil archival mark near the foot. The lower item is a folded wrapper in four panels with all writing on the third panel, on a printed docket form that reads "Ordnance Department." correctly set (unlike the "DEPARTNENT" form at image 105) with a script "Memphis, ......... 186_" date line, this one filled. The oval RECORD DIVISION handstamp is struck across the middle of that panel, very faintly, and two lines of a signature below it are so pale as to be beyond recovery. The rightmost panel of that wrapper carries a strip of mirror-image show-through along its outer edge.
(a) ACCOUNT
Ordnance Department—Memphis.
Confederate States of America,
April 15 1862 To Quinby & Robinson Dr
____________________________________________________________________
Feby 8 | 2 | 12 Pdr Bronze Howitzers [word struck out] " | 1221 40 | X
" 11 | 2 | " " " " " | 1221 40 | X
" 21 | 3 | " " " " " | 1832 10 | X
Mch 10 | 3 | " " " " " | 1832 10 | X
7880 ℔ 94 c $7407 20 x
I certify that the above have been received
John E Logwood M. S. K.
By D T Saffarrans Clk
$1300 20/100
7880
94
______ [in pencil]
31520
70920
______
740720
I CERTIFY that the above account is correct and just, amounting to
[blank]
RECEIVED, Memphis [printed, struck through] Columbus Miss June 12 186 2 , of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Seventy four hundred & Seven 20/100 DOLLARS,
in full of the above account.
[Signed Duplicates.] Quinby & Robinson
(b) DOCKET
Quinby & Robinson
acc't
No. Voucher, .................... 792
Ordnance Department.
Memphis, ...... May[?] 4[?] 1862
$ 388 80
________________
1181 76
________________
1570 56
[oval handstamp, faint:]
RECORD DIVISION,
* (REBEL ARCHIVES) *
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[two lines of signature, in a very pale hand — illegible]
Checks: The account proves exactly on its own re-cast line: 7,880 lb at 94c = $7,407.20, and the clerk's pencil long multiplication in the blank field below works the same sum out in full — 7880 x 4 = 31520, 7880 x 9 = 70920 shifted, footing 740720 — so the figure is confirmed twice on the sheet and a third time in the receipt, which spells it "Seventy four hundred & Seven 20/100 DOLLARS." That is the same $7,407.20 approved on the docket at image 105. The cancelled column also proves, and proving it settles what was cancelled and why. The four struck extensions read $1,221.40, $1,221.40, $1,832.10 and $1,832.10, footing $6,107.00; their ratio is exactly 1.5, which is the ratio of the quantities (2 : 3), and they answer to 1,576 lb and 2,364 lb at 77½c the pound — weights that sum, 1576 + 1576 + 2364 + 2364, to 7,880 lb, the very weight carried out on the re-cast line. The difference between the two ratings is 7,880 lb x (94c – 77½c) = 7,880 x 16½c = $1,300.20, which is precisely the loose figure "$1300 20/100" written large in the blank field. Every number on the sheet therefore ties: the account was first made out at 77½c the pound for $6,107.00, cancelled, and re-made at 94c for $7,407.20, an increase of $1,300.20. This is also the sheet on which the open-topped-8 trap bites hardest, and it is settled three ways: "7880" could be read 7550 or 7530 by eye, but $7,407.20 divided by 94c is 7,880 exactly, the pencil multiplication is worked from 7880, and the cancelled weights add to 7,880. The docket below proves too: $388.80 + $1,181.76 = $1,570.56 exactly, which is the figure under its rule. That first figure is itself an open-8 case — it could be read 358.80 — and the subtraction fixes it at 388.80.
Flagged: The word struck out in the description column of the first entry, between "Howitzers" and the ditto mark, is cancelled with a heavy black stroke and cannot be read; from its position it stood where the weight or the old rate belonged. The weights 1,576 and 2,364 lb are NOT written anywhere on this sheet — they are inferred from the cancelled extensions and are offered here only under Checks as arithmetic, not smuggled into the transcription. The date of the third entry is read "21" and the fourth "Mch 10"; the arm of the great X passes through both and the tens digit of the third is partly obscured, so both carry some doubt. On the docket, the manuscript number reads 792 and the word written above the dotted rule reads "acc't"; note that the printed "No. Voucher," is a form line and 792 is written, so 792 is a real number — but it is a different number from the 1061 / 1092 / 1892 carried on the wrappers at images 100, 103 and 105, and this docket's figures ($388.80, $1,181.76, $1,570.56) match nothing in this range. The docket's date is read "May[?] 4[?] 1862": the month word is a fast capital-M scrawl over the printed dots and the day is a single stroke that could be 1 or 4; the year 1862 is firm. The two lines of signature beneath the handstamp on that docket are written in an extremely fine, pale hand over the stamp and are illegible even with the background flattened — I will not guess at them. "Saffarrans" is clearer on this frame than at image 105 and I now read it with more confidence, though still not as certain. Pairing: the account here is answered by the docket at image 105, which sits one frame BEFORE it and approves $7,407.20 — figure and party match exactly, and the docket's printed place, Memphis, agrees with the account's printed head, though the docket carries no date. The docket filmed BELOW this account in the same frame does NOT answer it: its figures foot $1,570.56 and its voucher number is 792. That is the first mismatch in this range, and it is a mismatch of position rather than of the one-frame-before rule — the account's own docket is where the rule predicts, and this second wrapper is a stray in the frame. Whether it answers the account at image 107 is tested there.
Image 107 — TWO documents in one frame: (a) account, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS," Jany 7th 62, for 12-pdr spherical case shot and 12- and 24-pdr balls, $388.80, received at the Laboratory by A. C. Wurzbach, Supt, and receipted at Memphis Feby 11 1862; (b) a docket, No. Voucher 793, Ordnance Department, Memphis, Jany 7 1862, $1181 76, endorsed "Correct"
A tall exposure (2550 x 3300) with two items stacked and black film masking between. The upper item is a complete account sheet on the fullest of the Memphis forms: a letterspaced roman "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS." over a small printer's ornament, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:" set in an outlined, shaded display face, then a printed dotted "To .......... Dr." filled with the firm's name. Only three entry lines and a receiving certificate are used; below them the ruled columns run empty for four-fifths of the sheet's height, and the exposure records that emptiness faithfully — pale blue rules on white with nothing in them. The paper is heavily creased: two horizontal folds across the upper third, another across the middle and a fourth low down, each showing as a soft grey band with the paper lifting slightly away from the platen, so the top of the sheet reads a shade darker than the foot. Two vertical folds run down through the money columns. The hand of the entries is small, fine and rapid, quite unlike the round clerkly hand of images 101 and 104, and the ink is brown and thin. A brace-like flourish opens each of the three entry lines at the left. The closing printed matter is small italic and roman, well inked; the certification block is entirely unexecuted, its dotted leaders empty, while the receipt below is filled. "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)" is printed at the lower left. The lower item is a folded wrapper in four panels with the writing on the third, on the same correctly-set "Ordnance Department." form as the docket at image 106, with the "Memphis, ....... 186_" line filled this time. The oval RECORD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT handstamp is struck large and clearly on the fourth panel, to the right of the writing rather than over it, and a faint band of offset printing runs down the extreme outer edge of that panel. Below the amount a heavy ruled line has been drawn with a blot at its left end, and beneath that "Correct" with a large flourished rubric; two more lines of writing near the foot are ghost-pale.
(a) ACCOUNT
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
Jany 7th 62 To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
____________________________________________________________________
611 12 Pdr S Case Shot 6192[?]" 5 309 60
67 12 " Balls 684" 5 34 20
40 24 " " 900" 5 45 00
the above have been received at Laboratory
A. C. Wurzbach
Supt
$388 80
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ...........
[blank]
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
[blank]
RECEIVED, Memphis, .... Feby .... 11 ...., 186 2 , of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Three hundred & Eighty Eight 80/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
(b) DOCKET
Quinby & Robinson
No. Voucher, .................... 793
Ordnance Department.
Memphis, ...... Jany 7 1862
$ 1181 76
___________________________________
Correct [large initialled rubric — illegible]
[two lines in a very pale hand near the foot — illegible]
[oval handstamp, on the panel to the right:]
RECORD DIVISION,
* (REBEL ARCHIVES) *
WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: The account proves exactly at $388.80, and proving it settles the one hard reading on the sheet. The three extensions are 6,192 lb x 5c = $309.60, 684 lb x 5c = $34.20 and 900 lb x 5c = $45.00, footing $388.80, which is the clerk's total and is spelled out in the receipt as "Three hundred & Eighty Eight 80/100 Dollars." The first weight is the doubtful figure: by eye its third digit could be read 3, giving 6,132 lb and an extension of $306.60 and a footing of $385.80. Three things exclude that. The extension as written is $309.60, not $306.60 — its third digit is formed exactly like the 9 in the same figure and not like the open z-form 3 the same clerk writes in "34 20" on the line below. $309.60 divided by 5c is 6,192 exactly. And the receipt, in words, says Eighty Eight, not Eighty Five. So the weight is 6,192 lb and the account proves to the cent. Note also what the weights imply about the goods: 6,192 lb over 611 pieces is 10.1 lb apiece, 684 lb over 67 is 10.2 lb, and 900 lb over 40 is 22.5 lb — figures consistent with the calibres named, though the sheet does not state a weight per piece. The docket carries a single figure, $1,181.76, with nothing on the sheet to prove it against.
Flagged: The weight "6192" is marked doubtful in the transcription even though the arithmetic settles it, because the glyph itself is genuinely ambiguous and a reader should know that. The endorsement under the docket's rule reads "Correct" followed by a large looping rubric of two or three initials; I can see that it is initials and not a written name, but I cannot separate the letters and will not supply them from the other Hunt dockets in this file. The two lines low on that panel are ghost-pale — the first ends in what may be "Book" — and neither can be read even with the background flattened; I record them as illegible rather than guess. The vertical band along the outer edge of the wrapper's last panel is offset or show-through of printed matter and carries no readable text. Officers and places: the account is dated Jany 7th 1862 at Memphis, the goods are certified received "at Laboratory" by A. C. Wurzbach as Supt — the only appearance of Wurzbach in this range — and the money is receipted at Memphis, the printed place standing unaltered, on Feby 11 1862, from W. R. Hunt as Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Neither Logwood nor Saffarrans appears on this sheet. Pairing: the docket filmed in this frame does NOT answer the account above it. Its figure is $1,181.76 against the account's $388.80, though its date, "Memphis, Jany 7 1862," is the account's own date, and its voucher number, 793, is one more than the 792 on the wrapper at image 106. The two figures do tie to something: $388.80 and $1,181.76 are exactly the two sums added on the wrapper at image 106 to make $1,570.56. So the wrappers at images 106 and 107 belong together with the account here and with a second account of $1,181.76 that is not in this range — and neither of them sits beside the account it answers. This is the mismatched-docket pattern the file is warned for, and it holds for both of these two wrappers.
Image 108 — Account, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS," Jany 7th 62: 24-, 32- and 64-pdr shot, 58 stands of 24-pdr grape with wrought-iron pins and rings, $1,181.76, receipted at Memphis Feby 11th 1862
A single upright account sheet filling the frame (964 x 1600), on the same fully printed Memphis form as image 107 — letterspaced roman "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS." over a printer's ornament, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:" in the outlined shaded display face, then the printed dotted "To .......... Dr." with the firm's name written across it. Seven entry lines and a footing occupy the top eighth of the sheet; everything below is empty ruled column, and the exposure is faint and low in contrast throughout, the ink a thin watery brown that in places barely registers. Each of the first four entries opens with a brace-like flourish at the left. The paper carries a horizontal fold near the head, another about a third down, and vertical folds through the money columns; a small pencil dot sits in the left margin beside the fourth entry and a pencil archival mark at the lower right. The one striking feature of the blank middle of the sheet is the oval RECORD DIVISION handstamp printed there MIRROR-REVERSED and upside down — "WAR DEPT," "REBEL ARCHIVE" and "RECORD" all read backwards — so this is not a strike on this sheet at all but a set-off, the wet impression from the wrapper transferring onto the paper it was folded around. The printed certification block at the foot is unexecuted, the receipt below it filled, and "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)" printed at the lower left.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
Jany 7th 62 To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
____________________________________________________________________
66 – 24 Shot 1584" 5 79 20
508 32 " 16256" 5 812 80
52 64 " 3328" 5 166 40
58 Stands 24 Grape 1682" 6 100 92
Wrot Iron Pins & Ring 58 Stands Grape
for 24 Pdr 104" 16 16 64
Putting up 58 Stands 10 5 80
___________
1181 76
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ...........
[blank]
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
[blank]
RECEIVED, Memphis, .... Feby .... 11th ...., 186 2 , of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Eleven hundred Eighty one 76/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: The account proves exactly at $1,181.76 and it proves twice over, because the weights also prove against the calibres. 1,584 lb x 5c = $79.20; 16,256 lb x 5c = $812.80; 3,328 lb x 5c = $166.40; 1,682 lb x 6c = $100.92; 104 lb x 16c = $16.64; 58 stands put up x 10c = $5.80. Those six extensions foot to $1,181.76, the clerk's own figure, which the receipt spells out as "Eleven hundred Eighty one 76/100 Dollars." The internal check on the weights is exact: 66 x 24 lb = 1,584; 508 x 32 lb = 16,256; 52 x 64 lb = 3,328 — every weight is the count multiplied by the nominal calibre with nothing over. That second proof settles the one figure the eye could not: the quantity on the second line, whose first digit is the clerk's closed-loop-and-flag five and could be argued a three. 308 x 32 is 9,856, which would not give 16,256; 508 x 32 gives 16,256 exactly, and $812.80 divided by 5c is 16,256. So the reading is 508. This is the same class of trap as the open-topped 8 and it is settled the same way, by the account's own arithmetic.
Flagged: Nothing doubtful survives on this sheet — every figure is confirmed by an arithmetic that closes to the cent, and the words of the receipt confirm the footing independently. Two things are worth recording rather than flagging as doubt. First, the reversed handstamp: a reader coming to this frame cold might take the oval for a stamp applied to this account, and it is not — it is a set-off from the wrapper, and it is the physical proof that this sheet travelled folded inside a stamped docket. Second, the entry beginning "Wrot Iron Pins & Ring" runs over two lines and its money falls opposite the second of them; I have set it out that way rather than closing it up, because the sheet does. The clerk's "Wrot" for wrought stands as written. Officers and places: dated Jany 7th 1862, receipted at Memphis — the printed place unaltered — on Feby 11th 1862 from W. R. Hunt, Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. No storekeeper's certificate and no receiving officer appears; the printed certification is blank, as it is on every account in this range. Pairing: this account is answered by the docket at image 107, which carries $1,181.76, the date "Memphis, Jany 7 1862" — this account's own date and place — and voucher number 793. That docket is filmed one frame BEFORE this account, in the same frame as the $388.80 account it does not answer. Read together, images 106 to 108 give a clean picture: two accounts of Jany 7 1862, $388.80 (image 107) and $1,181.76 (image 108), each with its own wrapper (793 for this one, and the $388.80 sum appearing on 792), and a summary wrapper adding them to $1,570.56 (image 106). The dockets are one frame out of step with their accounts throughout.
Image 109 — Blank verso of a Quinby & Robinson printed receipt form, carrying three names only: Raymond / H.[?] Taylor / W. H.[?] Salisbury — no date, no place, no figures
A single leaf filmed flat and almost wholly empty (1335 x 1600). The exposure is very pale — a broad grey field with the paper's laid texture showing through — and the only writing on this face is three short lines in the upper right, in a fine, sloping, confident hand in ink now faded to a soft grey. Two horizontal folds cross the sheet at about a third and two-thirds of its height, showing as darker grey bands, and a vertical fold runs down the centre; the lower right corner is ragged and slightly torn away, and a short dark scuff marks the extreme lower right edge. There are no rules, no columns, no handstamp and no figures anywhere. The left third of the sheet carries strong mirror-image show-through from the printed matter on the other side of the same leaf: turned about, it reads as a printed receipt blank — "RECEIVED, Memphis, ________ 18___ / IN GOOD ORDER FROM / QUINBY & ROBINSON, / [ ...... ] the following articles:" — the firm's name set large in capitals across the sheet. Fainter manuscript show-through lies under it in the middle of the leaf and cannot be read from this side.
Raymond
H[?] Taylor.
W. H[?]. Salisbury
[mirror-image show-through of the printed matter on the reverse of this
same leaf, reading when reversed:]
RECEIVED, Memphis, ______________ 18____
IN GOOD ORDER FROM
QUINBY & ROBINSON,
.......................... the following articles:
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: All three names are doubtful in their initials, and I record only what the strokes give. "Raymond" is the firmest of the three, though its capital is a plain loop that would also serve for B. The second line begins with a small capital above and left of "Taylor" that reads most like H but could be M or N; "Taylor" itself is plain and ends with a full stop. The third reads "W" then a second initial formed like an H or an N, then "Salisbury," which is legible letter by letter. Nothing on this face says who these men were or why they are written here; they are not the firm, they are not any officer named elsewhere in this range, and there is no date, place, sum or endorsement to attach them to. They may be a list jotted on convenient blank paper. I propose nothing further. The sheet does belong with this file: the printed matter showing through from its other side is Quinby & Robinson's own delivery-receipt blank, headed at Memphis, so the leaf is one of the firm's forms used the wrong way about. Pairing: this frame closes the range and answers nothing. It is not a docket, carries no figure, and cannot be tested against image 108's account or against anything else here; I flag it as a stray where it stands rather than pass over it.
Image 110 — Two documents on one frame: (a) printed Quinby & Robinson drayage receipt, Memphis, Jany 7th 1862, for 24-, 32- and 64-pounder shot and stands of grape delivered to the C.S.A.; (b) a separate printed ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT docket, Memphis, "No. Voucher 57," Quinby & Robinson, $2,665.99, approved by W. R. Hunt
One frame carrying two unrelated papers, filmed one above the other against a black ground. The upper sheet is a wide printed billhead of the firm, roughly three times as wide as it is tall, on a light wove paper now browned; a strip has torn away down the right edge, carrying part of the ruled table and the end of the first signature, and there are a horizontal fold across the middle and a vertical fold at the right. The printing runs to four faces — a blackletter "Dray" at the left with a blank rule after it, a fat gothic "RECIVED" (the misspelling is the printer's), spaced roman capitals for the firm name, and a ruled three-column table headed MARKS. / ARTICLES. / WEIGHT. Everything written is in one fine brown-black ink, in a rapid business hand, except the two signatures at the foot, which are in a second and a third hand. The MARKS and WEIGHT columns are left entirely empty; all four entries are written across the ARTICLES column. The oval Record Division / Rebel Archives / War Department handstamp shows through from the reverse of this sheet and reads in mirror. The lower document is the outer face of a folded blue-ruled wrapper, its printed docket panel occupying the middle fold; it is written in a thin, faded grey-brown ink, the date line left blank, and the same oval handstamp is struck directly on this face with a pencil tick and two pencilled initials inside it. A dried ink blot sits on the blank left panel. No date, no place beyond the printed "Memphis," and no voucher amount are supplied on the wrapper's date line.
(a) UPPER SHEET — printed drayage billhead
Dray .............. RECIVED, Memphis, Jany[?] 7th 1862
IN GOOD ORDER FROM
Q U I N B Y & R O B I N S O N ,
By C S A ................ the following articles:
Military Store .......................................
.....................................................
------------------------------------------------------------------
MARKS. | ARTICLES. | WEIGHT.
------------------------------------------------------------------
| 66. 24" Shot |
| 508 32' ,, |
| 52 64 ,, |
| 58 24 Stands Grape |
| |
| J E Logwood M S K[?] |
| Dr[?] J W B[?]urke[?] |
------------------------------------------------------------------
(b) LOWER SHEET — printed docket on a folded wrapper
No. Voucher 57 ......
824 1/2
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis ................................ 186 ....
$ 2665 99
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for Twenty
Six hundred & Sixty
five 99/100 Dolls
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg C S[?] Arsenal
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION, / REBEL ARCHIVES, /
WAR DEPARTMENT. [★ at each side; a pencil ✓ and the
pencilled initials A.O.[?] inside the oval]
Checks: (a) The receipt carries quantities only — no rates, no extensions, no footing — so there is no arithmetic to prove on it. The four quantities are 66, 508, 52 and 58; the calibres 24, 32, 64 and 24. (b) The docket carries a single figure and its equivalent in words. The fourth digit of the figure is the doubtful character on the sheet — it is not formed like the two 6s beside it, and both 2665 and 2669 can be argued from the ink alone. It is settled as a 5 on two grounds. First, the word before "99/100 Dolls" is written with a tall descending f and reads "five", not "Nine". Second, and decisively, the account on the very next frame (image 111) foots at $2,685.49, deducts $19.50 for drayage, and is receipted for "Twenty Six hundred & Sixty five 99/100 Dollars" — $2,665.99 exactly, in W. R. Hunt's own hand. The docket therefore reads $2,665.99, and I have entered it so. (My first reading of this frame was $2,669.99; it was wrong, and image 111 corrected it.)
Flagged: Docket pairing — the two items on this frame do NOT answer one another, and the fact that they are filmed together proves nothing. The receipt is a bare list of projectiles delivered on 7 January 1862 with no sum on it; the docket approves $2,665.99, names no date at all (the printed "186__" is left blank), and carries a voucher number, 57, that appears nowhere on the receipt. They share only the firm and the city. The docket's true partner is the account on image 111, one frame LATER: that account is receipted at $2,665.99, carries the same "No. Voucher 57" and the same "824 1/2" on its own wrapper, and is approved by the same W. R. Hunt. Figure, voucher number, payee, officer and place all agree, and the pairing is as firm as any in this range — but the docket is filmed one frame BEFORE the account it answers, exactly the trap this file sets. — The month on the receipt is written as a large looped capital followed by three or four minims and a long descender; "Jany" is the reading that fits the strokes and the calendar of abbreviations this file uses, but the capital is a plain oval and could be argued for another letter, so it is marked doubtful. The day, "7th", and the year, 1862 (printed "18" plus a written 6 and 2), are not in doubt. — The first signature is "J E Logwood" with certainty as far as the final d; the three or four characters after it are compressed into arches and a terminal flourish and are read here as "M S K", the store-keeper's abbreviation, but they are read from their shape and not from any legible letter. — The second signature is the hardest thing on the frame. It opens with a large flat-looped capital and a superscript arch underscored by a squiggle, which in this file is how "Dr" is made; then a capital with a full upper loop and a descender (J is the best fit); then a clear W with a dot after it; then a tall narrow loop; then an ornate dark capital with a "3"-shaped foot, followed by two or three minims and a final letter. I first read the surname as "Hunt" on the strength of the W. R. Hunt signature on the docket in the same frame, and then rejected that: Hunt's H on the docket is a plain double-looped capital with no descender, and this one is not the same letter. Burke is offered as the nearest fit to the strokes and is marked doubtful throughout; the reading should be checked against the original. What is certain is that this second hand is not the hand that signed the docket. — The raised marks after the calibres are inconsistent: 24 carries a small raised tick like a double prime, 32 a single raised tick, 64 nothing, and lines 2 and 3 close with ditto marks. They are rendered above as the pen made them, without expanding them to "pdr" or to inches. — "824 1/2" is written in a bolder ink than the "No. Voucher 57" above it and runs into a long flourish; it is recorded as seen. Whether it is a weight, a second file reference or an amount cannot be told from the sheet. The leading figure is a closed figure-8 and is not the open-topped 8 that reads as a long s elsewhere in this file. — The printed certification and date lines on the docket panel are left blank; only the approval, the amount and the two signature lines are filled. — "RECIVED" is the printer's own misspelling on the billhead and stands. — Proposal, outside knowledge, not entered above: "M S K" would expand to Military Store Keeper, and J. E. Logwood is named as Military Store Keeper on vouchers elsewhere in this file; "Majr Comdg C S Arsenal" is the title W. R. Hunt uses on other dockets in the file.
Image 111 — Two documents on one frame: (a) the account of Quinby & Robinson, Ordnance Department—Memphis / Confederate States of America, September 1861 to January 1862, for shot, shell, spherical case, grape-stands and drayage, footed $2,685.49, less drayage $19.50, receipted at Memphis 26 February 1862 for $2,665.99; (b) the folded outer wrapper of the same voucher, printed "Ordnance Department.", "No. Voucher 57", "824 1/2", carrying the figure $13,212.99
The upper sheet is a full-page printed account form on a light wove paper, clean but for a horizontal fold at mid-page and light foxing, filmed against black with the sheet slightly skewed. The printing is in three faces — a spaced roman line "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." over a short ornamental rule, a shaded outline gothic "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA," and, at the foot, small blackletter and roman for the certificate and receipt — with a ruled table beneath: two narrow columns at the left for month and day, a wide body column, then narrow columns for the rate and for dollars and cents. The clerk's ink is a pale brown, finely written and now much faded; every entry that has been examined carries a heavy black tick in the right-hand margin in a second, later ink, and a third hand has entered the two figures at the footing. A soft pencil has written a word or two above the printed heading (illegible), a large figure "1" at the top right corner, and a faint check of the footing at the right. The lower document is the outside of the folded wrapper for the same voucher, torn away at the upper left and along the top edge; its printed docket panel sits on the middle fold, the oval Record Division / Rebel Archives / War Department handstamp is struck across the lower part of it, and a large pencilled monogram is drawn over the handstamp itself. Two lines of very faint pencil sit above the stamp, and a crosshatched mark stands alone on the right-hand panel.
(a) UPPER SHEET — printed account form
[pencil:] [illegible] [pencil:] 1
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
✓Septr | 15 |✓182. 64" Shell 11648" | | |
✓ " | " |✓140. 32" " 4480" | | |
✓ " | " |✓244. 24" " 5856" 21984" 5 |1099 | 20 | ✓
✓ " | " |✓179 Sett Castings 12ᵈ[?] Grape 2583 ℔ | 167 | 88 | ✓
✓ " | " | Short Iron Rings & Pins for Same 126 ℔ 16 | 20 | 16 | ✓
✓ " | " | Putting up Same 179 Stands 10 | 17 | 90 | ✓
" | " | 6 Drayages | 1 | 50 | ✓
" | " |✓170. 12" Shot 2040" 5 | 102 | 00 | ✓
✓Decr | 5 |✓104. 64" Shell 6656" | | |
✓ " | " |✓209. 32" " 6688" | | |
✓ " | " |✓116. 24" " 2784" 16128" 5 | 806 | 40 | ✓
" | 19 |✓ 54 Stands 12 ℔ Grape 769 ~ 6½ | 49 | 95 | ✓
" | " | Short Iron Rings & Pins 20 16 | 3 | 20 | ✓
" | ½[?]| Putting up 54 Stands 10 | 5 | 40 | ✓
" | " |✓ 28. 64" Shell 1792" | | |
" | " |✓ 53. 32" " 1696" | | |
" | " |✓141. 24" " 3386" 6874" 5 | 343 | 70 | ✓
1862 | " | 72 Drayages 25 | 18 | 00 | ✓
Jany | 11 |✓ 30. 24 Pdr Shell 720" | | |
" | " |✓ 1. 32 " " 32" | | |
" | " |✓ 21. 12 Spherical Case[d?] 252" 1004" 5 | 50 | 20 | ✓
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Less Drayage [pencil: 2,685 4-] |2685 | 49
| 19 | 50
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to .... 2665.99
Received, Memphis, Feby 26 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Twenty Six hundred & Sixty five 99/100 Dollars
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
(b) LOWER SHEET — printed wrapper/docket
No. Voucher, ...... 57 ......
824 1/2
Ordnance Department.
Memphis, ....................... 186 ....
$ 13212 99
Quinby & Robinson
A[pproved?] .......
[pencil, very faint:] Sho[?] Bill from
Gay[?] ...........
[a]
Lenn[?]
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION, / REBEL ARCHIVES, / WAR DEPARTMENT.
[a large pencilled monogram, O.O.[?], drawn across the handstamp]
[on the right-hand panel, alone:] # 12[?]
Checks: This sheet proves better than any other in the range, and its arithmetic settles several readings that the ink alone would not. First, the shell lines. The clerk bills each shell at its calibre in pounds, and every one of the ten shell and shot lines proves on that rule save one: 182 × 64 = 11,648; 140 × 32 = 4,480; 244 × 24 = 5,856; 170 × 12 = 2,040; 104 × 64 = 6,656; 209 × 32 = 6,688; 116 × 24 = 2,784; 28 × 64 = 1,792; 53 × 32 = 1,696; 30 × 24 = 720; 1 × 32 = 32; 21 × 12 = 252. The exception is 141 24" shell entered at 3,386 lb, where 141 × 24 is 3,384 — two pounds out. Second, the four running weights. 11,648 + 4,480 + 5,856 = 21,984, and at 5¢ = $1,099.20 (proves). 6,656 + 6,688 + 2,784 = 16,128, at 5¢ = $806.40 (proves). 1,792 + 1,696 + 3,386 = 6,874, at 5¢ = $343.70 (proves — on the clerk's 3,386, not on 3,384). 720 + 32 + 252 = 1,004, at 5¢ = $50.20 (proves). Third, the piece-rate lines: 126 ℔ at 16¢ = $20.16 (proves); 179 stands at 10¢ = $17.90 (proves); 20 ℔ at 16¢ = $3.20 (proves); 54 stands at 10¢ = $5.40 (proves); 72 drayages at 25¢ = $18.00 (proves), and the six drayages of September at the same quarter apiece = $1.50 (proves, though no rate is written on that line). Two lines do not prove against their own rate: 769 ℔ at 6½¢ is $49.985 and the clerk entered $49.95, three and a half cents short; and the sett-castings line, 2,583 ℔, entered at $167.88, which at 6½¢ would be $167.895 — one and a half cents short. Now the footing. The thirteen extensions as the clerk entered them come to $2,685.49 — $1,099.20 + $167.88 + $20.16 + $17.90 + $1.50 + $102.00 + $806.40 + $49.95 + $3.20 + $5.40 + $343.70 + $18.00 + $50.20 — and $2,685.49 is exactly what he footed. It proves to the cent. The deduction proves too, and proves twice over: "Less Drayage $19.50" is precisely the two drayage lines added together ($1.50 + $18.00), and $2,685.49 − $19.50 = $2,665.99, the figure certified, the figure written out in words in the receipt, and the figure on the docket of image 110.
Flagged: The cents on the sett-castings line are the 8-for-5 trap this file is known for, and they are worth setting out. Read from the ink alone the figure is "164 60" or "164 65"; the two cents characters are open-topped and could be 6-0, 6-5 or 8-8. It is $167.88, and it is settled by the footing: with any other value the column does not come to the $2,685.49 the clerk wrote, and with $167.88 it comes to it exactly. The dollars figure is 167, not 164, on the same evidence. — The two leading 1s that the audit tick runs through. On the first line the count reads "82" at first sight and on the sett-castings line "79"; both are 182 and 179, because 11,648 ÷ 64 = 182 exactly, and because the same sheet six lines later bills "Putting up Same 179 Stands" at 10¢ for $17.90, which can only be 179. The clerk writes his 1 as a plain slant, and the checker's tick is a V with a long right arm; where they overlap the 1 disappears. The same thing nearly happened at "170. 12" Shot", where the 1 does survive and 170 × 12 = 2,040 confirms it. — The weight "6688" on the second December line looks like "6655" in the ink, and is 6,688: 6,656 + 6,688 + 2,784 = 16,128, which at 5¢ gives the entered $806.40. Again the open 8 reads as a long s, and again the arithmetic decides it. — The 141 24" shell line is the one internal inconsistency: 141 × 24 = 3,384, but the sheet carries 3,386 and the running total and the extension are both built on 3,386. I have left the clerk's figures standing and not adjusted the count. — The weight on the sett-castings line is read 2,583; 2,533 is arguable from the strokes, but at 6½¢ that would extend to $164.65, which the footing forbids. It is marked doubtful all the same, because 2,583 at 6½¢ is not exactly $167.88 either. — Docket pairing: the wrapper filmed BELOW the account is the wrapper OF this account — same "No. Voucher 57", same "824 1/2", same payee, same office — but the figure written on it, $13,212.99, is not this account's total and is more than five times it. The docket that carries this account's own figure, $2,665.99, is the one filmed a frame EARLIER, on image 110, where it sits beside a drayage receipt it has nothing to do with. So this range shows both faults at once: a docket separated from its account by a frame, and a docket carrying a batch figure rather than the figure of the paper it wraps. "No. Voucher 57" and "824 1/2" appear on both wrappers, which is what a batch reference looks like; I record them as seen and do not reconcile the $13,212.99. — "Septr" is a reading of a heavily flourished abbreviation; "Sepbr" is possible. The day cell on the "Putting up 54 Stands" line holds a mark I cannot resolve, rendered ½[?]. — The word before "Shell" on the January line is written out as "Pdr", the only place on the sheet where the pounder is spelled rather than marked; elsewhere the clerk uses a raised double-prime after the calibre, which I have transcribed as the inch mark he actually made rather than expanding it. — "Spherical Case" may carry a final d; the pen runs on. — The pencil word above the printed heading, the two faint pencil lines on the wrapper, and the word under "Quinby & Robinson" on the wrapper (possibly "Approved") could not be read with confidence at any magnification and are marked so. — The ordnance officer's printed certificate is filled in with the amount but is left unsigned; W. R. Hunt's name appears only as the officer paying, written into the receipt. The firm signs "Quinby & Robinson" in a single flowing hand. — The printed "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)" means a duplicate voucher was executed.
Image 112 — Account of Quinby & Robinson, Ordnance Department—Memphis / Confederate States of America, 19 November 1861 to 10 January 1862, for twenty bronze field pieces — 6-pounder guns at $685.10 and $687.43, 12-pounder howitzers at $610.70 — cast by the firm and received from A. B. Reading & Bro. and A. M. Paxton & Co. of Vicksburg; total $13,262.59, receipted at Memphis 20 February 1862
A single leaf of the printed Memphis ordnance account form, filmed alone against black. The paper is sound in the body but has lost a piece from the right margin about a third of the way down, and a smaller bite from the lower right corner; a heavy black ink blot sits in the upper left above the date column, and a second smaller stain lies over the certificate line at the foot. There is one strong horizontal fold at mid-page and a light vertical crease at the right. The printed matter is the same setting as image 111 — spaced roman "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS." over a short ornament, shaded outline gothic "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:", the ruled table, and the certificate and receipt in small roman and blackletter — but the writing is in a different and much bolder hand, a broad-nibbed black ink with heavy shading, entirely legible. Each entry runs over two, three or four lines of the description column, the rate being written small and raised at the end of the last line of the entry with the extension in the money columns opposite. Two later hands appear at the foot: a light pencil signature over the words "Supt Foundry", and the store-keeper's certificate, which is in the same black ink as the account but a different pen.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
1861 To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Novr | 19 | 7ˣ 6 pdr Bronze Guns Recd 685¹⁰ | 4795 | 70 |
" | " | by Me from Q & R | | |
Decr | 6 | 2ˣ 12 pdr Bronze Howitzer 610⁷⁰ | 1221 | 40 |
" | " | Recd by Me from · Q[?] | | |
" | 7 | 2ˣ 6 pdr Bronze Guns Recd | | |
" | " | by Me from C W Grader & 687 ⁴³ | 1374 | 86 |
" | " | Cast by Quinby & Robinson | | |
" | 13 | 1ˣ 12 pdr Bronze Howitzer 610 ⁷⁰ | 610 | 70 |
" | " | Recd from A B Reading & Bro | | |
" | " | of Vicksburgh. & Cast by | | |
" | " | Quinby & Robinson | | |
" | " | 1ˣ 6 pdr Bronze Gun Recd | | |
" | " | from A B Reading & Bro 685 ¹⁰ | 685 | 10 |
" | " | & Cast by Q & R | | |
" | 18 | 3ˣ 12 pdr Bronze Howitzers | | |
" | " | Recd from A B Reading & Bro & | | |
" | " | Cast by Q & R 610 ⁷⁰ | 1832 | 10 |
" | " | 3ˣ 6 pdr Bronze Guns Recd | | |
" | " | from A M Paxton & Co of 685 ¹⁰ | 2055 | 30 |
| | Vicksburg & Cast by Q & R | | |
1862 | | | | |
Jany | 10 | 1. 6 pdr Gun Transferred to 1ˢᵗ[?] ⌐ | 687 | 43 |
| | gn[?] 162 | | |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|13262 | 59 |
I certify that the above is correct
J E Logwood M S K
Pr [signature, illegible]
charge Seventy[?] five dollars for finishing
each of the above guns
[pencil:] [illegible signature]
Supt Foundry
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
[left blank and unsigned]
RECEIVED, Memphis, Feby 20 ......... , 186 2, of ... W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Thirteen thousand two hundred & Sixty two 59/100
Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Every one of the eight extensions proves exactly against its own quantity and rate, and the footing proves exactly against the extensions. 7 guns at $685.10 = $4,795.70. 2 howitzers at $610.70 = $1,221.40. 2 guns at $687.43 = $1,374.86. 1 howitzer at $610.70 = $610.70. 1 gun at $685.10 = $685.10. 3 howitzers at $610.70 = $1,832.10. 3 guns at $685.10 = $2,055.30. 1 gun transferred at $687.43 = $687.43. Added: $4,795.70 + $1,221.40 + $1,374.86 + $610.70 + $685.10 + $1,832.10 + $2,055.30 + $687.43 = $13,262.59, which is the figure footed, and the figure written out in words in the receipt — "Thirteen thousand two hundred & Sixty two 59/100 Dollars." It proves to the cent. The count of pieces is 7 + 2 + 2 + 1 + 1 + 3 + 3 + 1 = twenty, eleven 6-pounder guns and nine 12-pounder howitzers.
Flagged: The rate written above the 3-howitzer extension reads "680" to the eye and is $610.70: three at $680.70 would be $2,042.10, and the sheet says $1,832.10, which is three at exactly $610.70 — the same rate as every other howitzer on the sheet. The arithmetic settles it and I have entered 610. — The raised character between the count and the calibre ("7ˣ 6 pdr") is a small mark I cannot name with certainty; it is consistent throughout the sheet, it is not a period and not a pounder mark, and I have rendered it as a raised x because that is nearest to what the pen made. It clearly serves as "seven of the 6-pounder sort." — The second entry's second line breaks off after "Recd by Me from" and a small mark and a single letter that is this clerk's Q (he writes Q exactly like a figure 2, as "Q & R" elsewhere on the sheet proves); "Q & R" is the obvious completion but the ampersand and R are not on the paper, and the line is left as it stands. — "Vicksburgh." is spelled with a final h on the December 13 entry and "Vicksburg" without it on the December 18 entry; both are the clerk's and both stand. — The finishing memorandum reads "charge Seventy five dollars for finishing each of the above guns." The numeral word is the doubtful one: the strokes give a capital followed by "-ty five," and Seventy fits best, but Twenty cannot be excluded. Nothing on the sheet tests it — the seventy-five dollars is not carried into any extension, and no rate on the sheet differs from another by exactly $75 (gun less howitzer is $74.40). — "Transferred to 1ˢᵗ" is followed by a raised mark and then a brace, and the word the brace was to enclose is not written; beneath it stands a two-letter abbreviation and the number 162, read here as "gn 162" and possibly a gun number. Neither could be resolved. — The pencil signature above "Supt Foundry" is too faint on this film to read; "Supt Foundry" itself is clear. Compare A. C. Wurzbach, Supt. at the Laboratory, named elsewhere in this file — but that is a different post and the name here is not read, so nothing is proposed. — "J E Logwood M S K" settles a doubt raised on image 110: the three characters after Logwood's name are written here in the same compressed way, on a sheet where the surrounding text is fully legible, and they are M S K. The certificate is signed for him by a clerk, prefixed "Pr", whose own signature could not be read. — The printed ordnance officer's certificate is left entirely blank and unsigned, as on image 111; W. R. Hunt's name appears only in the receipt, as the officer paying. — Docket pairing: no docket is filmed with this sheet. The wrapper filmed one frame EARLIER, at the foot of image 111, carries a five-figure sum of this same order — my reading of it is $13,212.99 but the fourth digit and the cents would not resolve — and it is almost certainly this account's wrapper, since nothing else in the range approaches this size. The docket on the NEXT frame, image 113, is for $75 and is not this account's. — C. W. Grader, from whom two guns were received, is the same surname read doubtfully as the armory superintendent elsewhere in this file; here the initials are C W and the reading of the surname is no more certain than it was there.
Image 113 — Printed docket, "No. Voucher 999," ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, Memphis, $75, carrying the certificate of Brig. Gen. Alex. P. Stewart written at Head Quarters, Fort Columbus, 22 February 1862, that Quinby & Robinson did work on several field batteries at that post by his special order of 27 September 1861; approved for seventy-five dollars by W. R. Hunt
The outer face of a folded wrapper, filmed on its side so that the sheet lies landscape in the frame with the printed docket panel in the upper middle. The paper is a pale blue-ruled writing paper, clean, with the vertical folds of the wrapper plainly visible as three light creases and a small chip out of the top edge at the right of the panel. The printed panel is short — a heavy rule, the manuscript voucher line above a bold condensed roman "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT", the place-and-year line, the dollar line, and a second heavy rule beneath — and everything under it is manuscript. Two hands are at work: Alex. P. Stewart's certificate, in a small, even, well-formed hand in black ink that has stayed strong; and beneath it, in a paler and much more rapid hand, the payee's name and W. R. Hunt's approval, which has faded badly and is read with difficulty. The oval Record Division / Rebel Archives / War Department handstamp is struck to the right of the panel in a pale purple that has almost gone. Three-quarters of the sheet — the whole left half and the foot — is blank.
===========================================================
No. Voucher ....... 999 ......
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, ..................... 186 ....
$ 75
===========================================================
Head Quarters Fort Columbus
Feby. 22ᵈ 1862.
Messrs. Quinby & Robinson had
work done in several Field
Batteries at this Post by a special
order of mine dated Sep. 27. 1861
I being, at the time, Major and
Chief of Artillery at Columbus.
Alex. P. Stewart
Brig. Genl. C. S. A.
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for Sevent-
y five Dolls.
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg C S[?] Arsenal
[to the right of the printed panel, an oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION, / REBEL ARCHIVES, / WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: The only figure on the sheet is $75, and it is confirmed by the approval written out in words — "Approved for Sevent- / y five Dolls." — which the writer broke across two lines. Figure and words agree; there is nothing else on the sheet to prove.
Flagged: "No. Voucher 999" is the number as written, and it is worth saying plainly that 999 looks like a placeholder rather than a serial: three identical figures, and the same file is known to carry other dockets numbered 999 against different amounts. I record it as seen and draw no conclusion from it. — Docket pairing: this docket does NOT answer the account filmed before it. Image 112 foots at $13,262.59; this is $75. Nor does it answer image 110's drayage receipt or image 111's account ($2,665.99). Its own subject — work done on field batteries at Fort Columbus under Major Stewart's order of 27 September 1861 — is not the subject of any of them. It must belong to a small account elsewhere in the range, and the frames after it are the place to look. The pairing is therefore left open. — Stewart's certificate is the clearest piece of writing in this whole range and needs no qualification: "Head Quarters Fort Columbus," "Feby. 22ᵈ 1862," "Sep. 27. 1861," and the signature "Alex. P. Stewart / Brig. Genl. C. S. A." are all plain. Note that he certifies to his own former rank — Major and Chief of Artillery at Columbus at the time of the order, Brigadier General at the time of signing — which dates the promotion between the two. — The title under W. R. Hunt's signature is faint; "Majr Comdg" is legible, the next two characters are a large C and a looped letter, and the last word is "Arsenal" or something very close to it. I read it as "Majr Comdg C S Arsenal," the same title he uses on the docket of image 110, but neither the C S nor the Arsenal is beyond doubt on this sheet. — The place printed on the docket is Memphis while the certificate is written at Fort Columbus, Kentucky; the date and year lines of the printed panel are left blank. — The handstamp's colour has faded to the point where only the outer ring and the word WAR DEPARTMENT read cleanly; the rest is reconstructed from the same stamp elsewhere in the range and is transcribed on that basis.
Image 114 — Account of Quinby & Robinson, Ordnance Department—Memphis / Confederate States of America, Octr 30[?] 1861, one item: sending a man to Columbus with material to work on batteries, $75.00; receipted at Memphis 10 March 1862
A single leaf of the same printed Memphis account form as images 111 and 112, and the emptiest sheet in the range: one entry of two lines at the head, and then nine-tenths of the ruled table left blank all the way down to the certificate. The paper is clean and lightly blue-ruled beneath the printed rules, with a vertical crease down the left third, a horizontal fold across the lower quarter, and a little chipping along the left edge where two small stains and some pencil scuffing sit in the margin. The writing is a fine, sloping, well-controlled hand in black ink — a third hand again, neither that of image 111 nor that of image 112 — and it has stayed strong. A single audit tick in a heavier ink stands to the right of the money column. The printed certificate at the foot is left blank; only the receipt is filled and signed.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Octr | 30[?] | Sending Man to Columbus | | |
" | " | With material to work on Batteries | 75 | 00 | ✓
| | | | |
| | [the rest of the table is blank]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ...............
[left blank and unsigned]
Received, Memphis, Mch 10ᵗʰ , 186 2 , of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Seventy five ............... /100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: One item, one figure, no rate and no footing: $75.00 stands alone in the money column and is not extended from anything, so there is no multiplication to prove. It is confirmed twice over from outside the money column — by the receipt on this same sheet, written out as "Seventy five" dollars, and by the docket on image 113, whose printed panel carries "$ 75" and whose approval reads "Approved for Sevent- / y five Dolls."
Flagged: Docket pairing — this is the account that the docket on image 113 answers, and the two agree on every point that can be tested. The docket carries $75; this account is $75. The docket's certificate is Alex. P. Stewart's, that Quinby & Robinson "had work done in several Field Batteries at this Post" — Fort Columbus — "by a special order of mine dated Sep. 27. 1861"; this account's only item is "Sending Man to Columbus / With material to work on Batteries," dated October 1861, a month after that order. Both name Quinby & Robinson, both are approved or receipted by W. R. Hunt. Subject, figure, place, payee and officer all agree. Note again the pattern of this range: the docket is filmed one frame BEFORE the account it answers, not after it and not beside it. This amends what I wrote under image 113, where I left the pairing open because I had not yet seen this frame. — The day of the month is the one doubtful character on the sheet. It is a rounded looped figure followed by a clear 0; 30 is my reading, 20 is possible, and 80 is impossible, so the entry is October 20th or 30th, 1861. Nothing on either sheet settles it: Stewart's order is dated 27 September, which does not distinguish the two, and the docket carries no date at all. — The receipt is dated three and a half months after the work, and the year is written as a single figure over the printed "186"; it is a 2, giving 10 March 1862, and it is consistent with the date of Stewart's certificate (22 February 1862) preceding the payment. — There is no voucher number anywhere on this sheet. The number that goes with it, if the docket is to be believed, is the "999" of image 113 — which is almost certainly not a serial number at all. — The word "Batteries" is spelled correctly here; the entry says material was sent, and a man with it, but does not say what the material was.
Image 115 — Printed docket, "No. Voucher 999," ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, Memphis, $92.80, Quinby & Robinson, approved for ninety-two dollars and eighty cents by W. R. Hunt
The outer face of a folded wrapper, filmed on its side as image 113 was, so that the sheet lies landscape with the printed panel in the upper middle and the whole left half blank. Pale blue-ruled writing paper, sound, with the wrapper's vertical folds showing as three creases and a slight cockling along the top edge; two faint pencil smudges and a small chip in the far left margin. The printed panel is the same setting as image 113 — heavy rule, manuscript voucher line, bold condensed roman "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT", place-and-year line, dollar line, heavy rule. All the manuscript is in one hand and one pale grey-brown ink, badly faded and hard to read except for the payee's name, which is written larger and with more pressure. The oval Record Division / Rebel Archives / War Department handstamp is struck to the right of the panel in a pale ink and reads clearly all round. There is no date anywhere on the sheet and no certificate from any other officer — this is a plain docket, without the Fort Columbus endorsement that image 113 carries.
===========================================================
No. Voucher ....... 999 ......
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, ..................... 186 ....
$ 92 ⁸⁰
===========================================================
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for
Ninety two ⁸⁰/₁₀₀
Dolls
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg C S[?] Arsenal
[to the right of the printed panel, an oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION, / REBEL ARCHIVES, / WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: One figure and its equivalent in words, and they agree: "$ 92 ⁸⁰" against "Ninety two ⁸⁰/₁₀₀ Dolls" — $92.80. Nothing else on the sheet to prove.
Flagged: "No. Voucher 999" again, on a second docket in three frames, against a different amount — $75 on image 113, $92.80 here. That settles the character of the number: 999 in this file is a batch or block reference and not the serial number of the voucher, and no pairing should ever be attempted on it. — Docket pairing: this docket does not answer any account transcribed so far in this range. Image 111 is $2,665.99, image 112 is $13,262.59, image 114 is $75. It should belong to an account in the frames that follow, and the pattern of this range — dockets filmed one frame ahead of their accounts on images 110/111 and 113/114 — points to the very next frame. That test is made under image 116. — The whole of the approval is faint. "Approved for" is secure, "Ninety two" is secure from the shape of the words and is confirmed by the figure, and "Dolls" on the following line is secure. The title under W. R. Hunt's signature is the least legible thing on the sheet: "Majr Comdg" reads plainly, and the last two words are a capital C, a looped letter, and a word ending in what I take to be "Arsenal," the same title as on image 110's docket; neither of the last two words is certain here. — The printed date line is left blank, so this docket carries no date at all and cannot be tested against any account on that ground.
Image 116 — Account of Quinby & Robinson, Ordnance Department—Memphis / Confederate States of America, Feby 22/1862, for twenty-four 64-pounder and ten 32-pounder shell at 5¢ the pound, $92.80; received at the Laboratory by A. C. Wurzbach, Supt.; receipted at Memphis 10 March 1862
A single leaf of the same printed Memphis account form, again very nearly empty: two entry lines, a total, and a three-line receiving note at the head, and then the whole ruled table blank to the foot. The paper is clean and lightly cockled, with a long vertical crease down the left quarter and a second down the right, a horizontal fold across the lower fifth, and a small nick in the right edge two-thirds of the way down. The account is written in a fine, sloping, slightly nervous hand in a black ink that has faded to grey in the thin strokes; the receiving note beneath it is in a second, rounder and more confident hand — Wurzbach's own — and the receipt at the foot is in a third. Three audit ticks in a heavier ink stand against the two extensions and the total. The printed certificate at the foot is left blank; only the receipt is filled and signed. A small round paper label or blemish sits at the top left corner outside the printing.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Feby 22/1862
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
24 64" Shell 1536" 5 | 76 | 80 | ✓
10 32" " 320" 5 | 16 | 00 | ✓
| | |
| 92 | 80 | ✓
The Above have been Received
at Laboratory A. C. Wurzbach
Supt
[the rest of the table is blank]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ...............
[left blank and unsigned]
Received, Memphis, Mch 10ᵗʰ , 186 2 , of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A., Ninety two .................... ⁸⁰/₁₀₀ Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Everything on this sheet proves. The shells are billed by weight at the calibre, as on image 111: 24 × 64 = 1,536 lb, and 1,536 at 5¢ = $76.80. 10 × 32 = 320 lb, and 320 at 5¢ = $16.00. The two extensions add to $92.80, which is the total footed. The total is confirmed twice from outside the column — by the receipt on this sheet, "Ninety two ⁸⁰/₁₀₀ Dollars," and by the docket on image 115, "$ 92 ⁸⁰ ... Approved for Ninety two ⁸⁰/₁₀₀ Dolls." Proves exactly at $92.80.
Flagged: Docket pairing — this is the account answered by the docket on image 115, and the match is exact: $92.80 against $92.80, both naming Quinby & Robinson, both approved or paid by W. R. Hunt at Memphis. That is now the third pairing in this range where the docket is filmed one frame BEFORE its account (110 before 111, 113 before 114, 115 before 116), and it is a consistent enough pattern in these ten frames to be worth relying on — with the caution that image 111's own wrapper does not follow it, since that wrapper carries a five-figure sum belonging to the account on image 112, a frame later. The docket's voucher number, 999, is shared with image 113's docket for a different amount and cannot be used to make or break any pairing. — A. C. Wurzbach, Supt., signs the receiving note for the Laboratory; the surname is written clearly and there is no doubt about it. This is the only sheet in the range on which the Laboratory appears. — The calibres are written with the raised double-prime the clerks use throughout this file for the pounder; I have transcribed the mark and not expanded it. — The date is written across the head of the table as "Feby 22/1862," the slash being the clerk's own; the day and year are not in doubt. It falls on the same day as Alex. P. Stewart's certificate on image 113, which is a coincidence of dates only — the two papers concern different work. — Both this account and the account of image 114 are receipted on the same day, 10 March 1862, and both by W. R. Hunt; they were plainly settled together, though their dockets carry different figures and different subjects. — The printed ordnance officer's certificate is again left blank and unsigned. There is no voucher number on this sheet.
Image 117 — Printed docket, "No. Voucher 999," ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, Memphis, $243.99, Quinby & Robinson, approved for two hundred and forty-three dollars ninety-nine cents by W. R. Hunt
The outer face of a folded wrapper, filmed on its side like images 113 and 115, the printed panel in the upper middle and the whole left half of the sheet empty. Pale blue-ruled writing paper, sound, with the wrapper's vertical folds showing as three creases, a light horizontal crease across the middle, and a few small foxing spots low on the left. The printed panel is the same setting as the other two dockets in this range. The manuscript is all in one hand and one very pale grey ink, so faint in places that the strokes break up; the payee's name is again the boldest thing written. The oval Record Division / Rebel Archives / War Department handstamp is struck to the right of the panel and reads all round. No date is entered anywhere on the sheet.
===========================================================
No. Voucher ....... 999 ......
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, ..................... 186 ....
$ 243 99
===========================================================
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for
Two hundred & Forty
three 99/100 Dolls
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg C S[?] Arsenal
[to the right of the printed panel, an oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION, / REBEL ARCHIVES, / WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: One figure and its equivalent in words, and they agree: "$ 243 99" against "Two hundred & Forty / three 99/100 Dolls" — $243.99. Nothing else on the sheet to prove.
Flagged: "No. Voucher 999" for the third time in this range, and against a third different amount — $75 on image 113, $92.80 on image 115, $243.99 here. Three dockets, three sums, one number: 999 is a block or batch reference in this file and carries no information about which account a docket answers. — Docket pairing: this docket answers the account on image 118, the very next frame, which foots at exactly $243.99, names Quinby & Robinson, is dated February 1862 and is receipted by W. R. Hunt. Figure, payee and officer agree, and the docket is again filmed one frame BEFORE its account — the fourth time in this range. — The whole approval is written in a failing ink and is read with more effort than confidence, though the words themselves are not in doubt because the figure above confirms them. The title beneath the signature is the same troublesome line as on images 110, 113 and 115: "Majr Comdg" reads plainly, the two words after it are a capital C, a looped letter, and a word I read as "Arsenal," and neither of those two words is certain on any of the four sheets. — The printed date line is blank; this docket carries no date at all.
Image 118 — Account of Quinby & Robinson, Ordnance Department—Memphis / Confederate States of America, Feby. 1862, for 2,646 lb of castings at 6½¢, nine copper bars and one short iron shaft, $243.99; received at the C. S. Machine [Shop] by Geo. W. Grader, Supt.; receipted at Memphis 10 March 1862
A single leaf of the same printed Memphis account form, with four entry lines and a three-line receiving note at the head and nothing else in the table but a block of pencil figuring left standing in the middle of the empty ruled space. The paper is clean and lightly cockled, with vertical creases at both sides and a horizontal fold low down; there is a small round blemish in the left margin near the head and another beside the receipt. The account is in a fine sloping hand in black ink — the same hand, to my eye, as the account on image 116 — and the receiving note beneath it is in a second, larger and rounder hand. Five audit ticks in a heavier ink stand against the four extensions and the total. The pencil block below is in a soft pencil, still strong, and is a working of two of the extensions rather than any part of the account; it is transcribed here where it stands. The printed certificate at the foot is left blank; only the receipt is filled and signed.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Feby. 1862
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | 1374 ℔ Castings 6½ | 89 | 31 | ✓
20 | | 9 Copper Bars 30 80 | 24 | 00 | ✓
| | 1272" Castings 6½ | 82 | 68 | ✓
| | 1 Short Iron Shaft | 48 | 00 | ✓
The above has been Received $ | 243 | 99 | ✓
at C. S. Machine
Geo W Grader
Supt.
[in soft pencil, in the blank body of the table:]
7632
636
-----
8268
8244
687
-----
8931
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ...............
[left blank and unsigned]
Received, Memphis, Mch 10ᵗʰ , 186 2 , of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Two hundred & Forty three ........ ⁹⁹/₁₀₀ Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Every line proves and the footing proves. 1,374 lb of castings at 6½¢ = $89.31 exactly. 1,272 lb at 6½¢ = $82.68 exactly. The copper bars are priced by weight, not by the piece: 30 lb at 80¢ = $24.00 exactly, for nine bars. The short iron shaft is a lump sum of $48.00 with no rate. Added: $89.31 + $24.00 + $82.68 + $48.00 = $243.99, which is the figure carried against the receiving note and the figure in the receipt — "Two hundred & Forty three ⁹⁹/₁₀₀ Dollars" — and the figure on the docket of image 117. It proves exactly. The pencil block is the auditor showing his own work on the two 6½-cent lines, and it proves too: 1,272 × 6 = 7,632 and half of 1,272 is 636, and 7,632 + 636 = 8,268, that is $82.68; 1,374 × 6 = 8,244 and half of 1,374 is 687, and 8,244 + 687 = 8,931, that is $89.31. Both computations are correct and both agree with the clerk. This is the clearest demonstration in the range of how the half-cent rate was actually worked — multiply by six, halve the weight, add — and it is worth setting down, because the same 6½¢ rate on image 111 produced two extensions that do NOT agree with it.
Flagged: Docket pairing — this account is answered by the docket on image 117, filmed one frame earlier, and the two agree exactly at $243.99, with the same payee and the same officer. Fourth pairing in the range, fourth time the docket precedes the account. — The pencil block is not part of the account and is not a total of anything on the sheet; it is a check of two extensions, and I have transcribed it as figures on the page rather than as an entry. Nothing else on the sheet is in pencil. — The weight on the first castings line is followed by a raised ℔; on the third it is followed by a raised double-prime instead. The clerk uses the two marks interchangeably in this range, and I have transcribed each as he made it. — "9 Copper Bars 30 80" reads as nine bars weighing thirty pounds, priced at eighty cents the pound; the extension proves on that reading and on no other, since nine at eighty cents would be $7.20 and nine at $30 would be $270. — "Short Iron Shaft" has no rate and no weight, only the lump $48.00; the word "Short" is written plainly, and the same clerk writes "Short Iron" for a material on image 111, so it is a description of the iron and not of the shaft's length. — "at C. S. Machine" is written exactly so, with no following word; "Shop" is the obvious completion and is not on the paper. — "Geo W Grader, Supt." — the surname is written more clearly here than anywhere else I have seen it in this file: G-r-a-d-e-r. He is presumably the "C W Grader" from whom two bronze guns were received on the account of image 112, though the initials differ there and I do not reconcile them. — The date at the head is the month and year only, "Feby. 1862"; the single day figure in the table, 20, stands against the copper-bar line and is the only day given, so the other three items carry no day of their own. — The printed ordnance officer's certificate is left blank and unsigned; there is no voucher number on the sheet. This account, the account of image 116 and the account of image 114 were all receipted on the same day, 10 March 1862, by W. R. Hunt.
Image 119 — Printed docket, "No. Voucher 999," ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, Memphis, $1,088, Quinby & Robinson, approved for one thousand and eighty-eight dollars by W. R. Hunt
The outer face of a folded wrapper, filmed on its side like the other three dockets in this range, with the printed panel in the upper middle and the left two-thirds of the sheet empty. Pale blue-ruled writing paper, sound, with the wrapper's vertical folds showing as creases and a little chipping along the lower edge; two small pencil ticks sit alone in the middle of the blank left half. The printed panel is the same setting as images 113, 115 and 117. The manuscript is in one hand in a pale grey ink, weakest in the approval and strongest in the dollar figure, which is written large and closed with a long arc drawn out to the right across the ruled line. The oval Record Division / Rebel Archives / War Department handstamp is struck to the right of the panel and is the faintest of the four, legible only in the outer ring and part of the second line. No date is entered anywhere on the sheet.
===========================================================
No. Voucher ....... 999 ......
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, ..................... 186 ....
$ 1088 ⌒
===========================================================
Quinby & Robinson
Approved for
One Thousand &
Eighty eight Dolls
W R Hunt
Majr Comdg C S[?] Arsenal
[in the blank left half, in pencil:] ⁄ ⁄ [two short strokes]
[to the right of the printed panel, an oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION, / REBEL ARCHIVES, / WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: One figure and its equivalent in words, and this is the sheet on which the reading matters most. The figure reads 1088, and its last two characters are the open-topped 8 that this file's clerks make so like a long s that 1055 is the natural first reading — it is the very form that has been misread as $1,055.00 elsewhere in this file. It is settled by the words directly beneath it, which are written in full and are not ambiguous: "One Thousand & / Eighty eight Dolls." One thousand and eighty-eight. The figure and the words agree at $1,088.00, and no cents are given on either. Nothing else on the sheet to prove.
Flagged: "No. Voucher 999" for the fourth time in seven frames, against a fourth different amount — $75, $92.80, $243.99 and now $1,088. Whatever 999 meant to the clerk who wrote it, it did not mean the serial number of a particular voucher, and it must never be used to pair a docket with an account. — Docket pairing: this docket has no partner in the range 110–119. The accounts here are $2,665.99 (image 111), $13,262.59 (image 112), $75.00 (image 114), $92.80 (image 116) and $243.99 (image 118), and none of them is $1,088.00. On the pattern this range has shown four times over — the docket filmed one frame before the account it answers — the account for $1,088.00 should be image 120, immediately beyond my range, and that is where it should be looked for. I make the proposal and do not assert it. — The two open 8s in the figure are the single most instructive characters in these ten frames. They are formed as a tall narrow upper loop over a smaller lower loop with the top left open, so that the eye reads a long s or a 5; the same pen makes a closed, unmistakable 8 in "Eighty eight" a few lines below, in letters rather than figures. Anyone reading dollar figures in this file should take the written words as the authority wherever both are present, and should distrust a 5 that stands next to another 5 in a four-figure sum. — No cents are entered after the 1088; the long arc drawn to the right of it is a pen flourish closing the line, not a fraction, and I have shown it as such rather than transcribing it as a figure. — The title beneath W. R. Hunt's signature is the same line as on the other three dockets and is no more legible here: "Majr Comdg" is plain, the two words after it are read as "C S Arsenal" and neither is certain. — The two pencil strokes in the blank left half are marks only; they are not figures and not letters, and nothing is proposed for them. — The printed date line is blank, so this docket, like images 115 and 117, carries no date of its own.
Amendments made while working through the range
A1 — Image 110. My first reading of the docket's amount was $2,669.99. It is $2,665.99, and the section above has been corrected. Two things settled it: the word before "99/100 Dolls" is written with a descending f and reads "five," not "Nine"; and the account on image 111 foots at $2,685.49, deducts $19.50 of drayage, and is receipted by W. R. Hunt for "Twenty Six hundred & Sixty five 99/100 Dollars." The docket's fourth digit cannot be settled from the ink alone and should not be; it is settled by the account it answers.
A2 — Image 113. Under that image I wrote that the docket's pairing was "left open." It is not open: the account it answers is on image 114, one frame later, for the same $75 and the same Fort Columbus battery work. See the Flagged note under image 114, which supersedes it.
A3 — Images 111 and 112. Under image 112 I wrote that the cents on the wrapper at the foot of image 111 "would not resolve," and left open the possibility that its figure was that account's $13,262.59. The cents do resolve. Set side by side at high magnification with the cents of image 117's docket — which are certainly 99, because that docket's words read "Two hundred & Forty / three 99/100 Dolls" — the two pairs of characters are the same form, a rounded bowl with a descender twice over. The wrapper's figure therefore ends in .99 and cannot be the $13,262.59 of image 112, whose cents are 59 in both the footing and the receipt. That wrapper's sum is a batch figure, of a piece with the "No. Voucher 57" and "824 1/2" it shares with the quite different docket on image 110, and it should not be paired with any single account in this range. My reading of its dollars, 13212, remains uncertain in the fourth digit and is offered as a reading only.
Image 120 — Ordnance Department–Memphis billhead, February 1862, three 12-pounder cannon sold by weight at 10¢ a pound; total $1,088.00, receipted at Memphis 10 March 1862
A single tall sheet on the firm's usual printed billhead: "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." above a decorative rule, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in spaced open-face capitals. Blue-ruled money columns run the full height of the sheet, so the three entries at the top sit above roughly two-thirds of blank ruling. The clerk's hand is a fine, fast, right-leaning copperplate in brown-black iron-gall ink, and the pen was well loaded — the figures are heavy while the connecting strokes are hairline. A second, much lighter hand (possibly pencil) has interlined a single word above the first entry and left one or two faint marks in the left margin, now nearly invisible. Each extension carries a bold check mark in the column to the right of the money, and there are matching check marks down the extreme left margin, the ordinary marks of an audit. The printed receipt block occupies the foot of the sheet: the certification line, the "Received, Memphis ______ 186_ of ______" line, "Ordnance Officer, C. S. A.", "in full of the above account", and "(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)". A horizontal crease runs across the lower quarter and has taken a little of the ink where it passes the firm's signature. No handstamp is present. The scan is slightly skewed, tilting up to the right.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Feby 1862
Siege[?]
14 | 1 | 12 Pdr Cannon 3630° | 10 | 363 00 ✓
15 | 1 | 12 " " 3660° | 10 | 366 00 ✓
20 | 1 | 12 " Cannon 3590° | 10 | 359 00 ✓
1088 00 ✓
I certify that the above has been received
J. E. Logwood M.S.K.
[second signature — illegible]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to One Thousand
& Eighty Eight
Wm Richardson Hunt
Ord officer C.S.A
Received, Memphis Mch 10th 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. One thousand & Eighty eight ______ /100 Dollars
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $1,088.00. 3630 lb × 10¢ = $363.00; 3660 lb × 10¢ = $366.00; 3590 lb × 10¢ = $359.00; 363.00 + 366.00 + 359.00 = 1,088.00, which is the footing, and the certification writes it out as "One Thousand & Eighty Eight" and the receipt line repeats "One thousand & Eighty eight". Weights total 10,880 lb, which at 10¢ is likewise $1,088.00.
Flagged: This sheet is the 8-for-5 trap in its clearest form. The footing, read letter by letter, looks like 1 0 5 5 0 0 — two open-topped characters that resemble long-s fives. It is $1,088.00: the three extensions sum to that figure and the clerk wrote the amount out in words twice at the foot of the sheet. Nothing was corrected; only the reading was settled. The second line's weight is likewise a pair of open-topped characters and reads 3660, not 3600 — settled the same way, since 3600 would leave the footing $6 short. The word interlined in a lighter hand above the first entry reads "Siege"; the letters are clear but the hand is not the account hand, so it is marked doubtful and may be a later annotation rather than part of the account. The signature under Logwood's certification is a heavy flourish I cannot read with confidence; from other ranges of this file, A. C. Wurzbach, Supt., Laboratory, would be the expected second certifier, but that is a proposal from outside this page, not a reading of it. The certifying officer signs his name in full as "Wm Richardson Hunt, Ord officer C.S.A." and then again as "W R Hunt" on the receipt line — the same officer recorded elsewhere in this file as W. R. Hunt. The "°" after each weight is the clerk's raised abbreviation mark for pounds. Faint pencil figures and a word survive in the left margin beside the entries; they are too light in this scan to read at any magnification.
Image 121 — Docket (endorsement panel), Ordnance Department, Memphis, "Feby 22 62", No. Voucher 999, $145.67, approved by W. R. Hunt
The outer face of a folded voucher wrapper, photographed opened flat and landscape. Roughly three-quarters of the frame is blank blue-ruled writing paper carrying two strong vertical fold lines; all the writing is confined to the right-hand panel, where the sheet was endorsed while folded. The panel is printed with "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in heavy sans-serif capitals and, in small italic script type, "No. Voucher ____" above it and "Memphis" below it, with a ruled line under the money space. The clerk has filled these in with a broad, black, confident pen. Below the printed rule, in a completely different medium — soft graphite pencil, now so faint it is barely visible in the scan — runs a five-line approval endorsement. A large oval double-ring purple handstamp of the War Department Record Division is struck across the right edge of the sheet, its inner ring reading REBEL ARCHIVES. The paper is chipped along the bottom edge and there is light foxing at the fold. A small bracket-shaped reference mark appears twice on the sheet, an artifact of filming rather than part of the document.
Quinby & Robins[on]
______________________
No. Voucher 999
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis Feby 22 62
$ 145 - 67
_____________________________
Approved for
One hundred & forty
five 67/100 Dolls
W R Hunt
Maj. Comdg. [illegible] Arsenal[?]
[oval handstamp:] ★ RECORD DIVISION ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[inner ring:] REBEL ARCHIVES
Checks: No account entries on the sheet, so there is no extension or footing to prove. The one figure on the panel is the docket amount, and it is internally consistent: "$145-67" in figures against "One hundred & forty five 67/100 Dolls" written out in the pencil endorsement below. Settled that way, since the middle figure could otherwise be read as a 6.
Flagged: This docket does not answer image 120. Image 120 is a February 1862 account for three 12-pounder cannon totalling $1,088.00 and receipted 10 March 1862; this docket is dated Memphis, Feby 22, 62, and carries $145.67. The figures, and the dates, are different accounts, and the two sheets are simply adjacent in the film. Whether it belongs to image 122 is tested there. "No. Voucher 999" is recorded as seen; per the standing rule for this file, docket numbers here cannot be relied on to identify an account, and 999 in particular recurs. The last line of the pencil endorsement gives Hunt's title; "Maj. Comdg." is clear, the closing word reads as "Arsenal", and the short word between them will not resolve at any magnification this scan supports — it is a couple of letters plus a superior contraction. From outside this page, W. R. Hunt is the Ordnance Officer, C.S.A., who signs and pays throughout this file, and the natural expansion would be a Memphis or ordnance arsenal command; that is a proposal, not a reading. The oval handstamp is the postwar United States War Department mark, not a Confederate one: outer ring "★ RECORD DIVISION. ★ / WAR DEPARTMENT.", inner ring "REBEL ARCHIVES". It is struck faintly here; the same stamp appears far more clearly on image 123, which is what settled the inner-ring reading.
Image 122 — Ordnance Department–Memphis billhead, 20 February 1862, zinc cups, spelter castings, cylinder gauges and a retort; total $145.67, receipted at Memphis 10 March 1862
The same tall printed billhead as image 120 — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." over the ornamented rule, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" — with the money columns ruled the whole height and only four entries at the top, so most of the sheet is empty ruling. Written in the same fast copperplate in brown-black ink, with the same auditor's check marks in the narrow column at the right of each extension. The paper has darkened slightly along the right edge, where the scan runs into the black film border and clips the last few millimetres of the sheet; the outermost check marks sit right on that edge. There is a small teardrop-shaped ink blot low on the sheet, beside the printed words "in full of the above account", and a light diagonal scratch or crease across the blank middle of the page. The printed receipt block at the foot is complete and fully executed. No handstamp.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Messrs Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Feby 20 1862
49 Zinc Cups 241½° 45 | 108 67 ✓
61 Spelter Castings 70 10 | 7 00 ✓
2 Cylender Guages | 15 00 ✓
1 Retort. Arther Bower[?] | 15 00 | 145 67 ✓
I certify that the above has been received
J. E. Logwood M.S.K.
P.r [signature — illegible]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to One Hundred
& Forty five 67/100
Wm Richardson Hunt
Ord officer CSA
Received, Memphis Mch 10th 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. One hundred & forty five 67/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $145.67, and it proves the half-cent rule at the same time. 241½ lb at 45¢ is $108.675; the clerk entered $108.67, dropping the half-cent rather than rounding it up, exactly as elsewhere in this file. 70 lb at 10¢ = $7.00, which is what is entered. The two remaining lines — 2 cylinder gauges and the retort — carry no rate at all, only a lump extension of $15.00 each, so those two extensions cannot be tested. The footing: 108.67 + 7.00 + 15.00 + 15.00 = $145.67, which is the figure written in the outer column, and the certification and receipt both write it out as "One hundred & forty five 67/100".
Flagged: Image 121's docket answers this sheet, and it answers it exactly — the docket reads "$145-67", "Memphis Feby 22 62", "Quinby & Robins[on]", and the pencil approval "One hundred & forty five 67/100 Dolls, W R Hunt", against this account's footing of $145.67 dated Feby 20 1862 at Memphis. The two-day gap between the account's date and the docket's date is the ordinary interval between the account being made up and being approved, and I take the pairing as proved. Note that the docket sits one frame BEFORE the account it answers, which is the filming pattern warned of for this file. The description on the retort line reads "Arther Bower"; the given name is clear enough, the surname's final letter could be r or n, so "Bowen" is an equally available reading and I have not chosen between them — it appears to be a personal name attached to the retort, not a further article. This is the retort of the sort recorded elsewhere in this file in connection with zinc "for making shell for liquid fire", and the zinc cups and spelter castings on the lines above sit naturally with it, but nothing on this sheet says so and that connection is offered only as a proposal. The second certifying signature under Logwood's is preceded by a clear "P.r" — that is, "Per", someone signing on another's behalf — and the signature itself is a flourish I cannot read. The same construction, differently formed, appears on image 120. The clerk writes "Cylender" for cylinder and "Guages" for gauges; both are left as written. The "°" after 241½ is his raised pounds mark. Hunt again signs in full as "Wm Richardson Hunt, Ord officer CSA" on the certification and as "W R Hunt" on the receipt.
Image 123 — Docket (endorsement panel), Ordnance Department, Memphis, no date filled in, No. Voucher 999, $57.00, approved by W. R. Hunt; carries a pencil adding-up of six accounts footing $1,702.46
Another folded voucher wrapper opened flat and photographed landscape. The left two-thirds of the frame is blank blue-ruled paper crossed by two vertical folds; a broad band of grey soiling runs down the fold at the centre-right, where the folded packet was handled and rubbed. All the writing is on the right-hand panel. The printed matter is the same setting as image 121 — a heavy rule, "No. Voucher ____" in small italic script type, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold capitals, "Memphis __________ 186___" on a dotted line, and a dotted money line below — but here the clerk left the place and date entirely blank and filled in only the voucher number and the amount. Below the printed rule the firm's name is written in ink, and under it, in a harder and blacker pencil than the endorsement, someone has set down a column of six figures and added them. The approval endorsement below that is in the same faint soft graphite as image 121, in the same hand and the same four-line form. A large pen or pencil check mark sweeps across the foot of the panel. The Record Division oval handstamp is struck at the right edge, here clearly enough to read both rings. Two small bracket-shaped filming marks appear on the blank left panel.
______________________
No. Voucher 999
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis .............. 186 ...
$ 57 00
_____________________________
Quinby & Robinson
57 00
1 45 67
75 00
243 99
92 80
1088
__________
1702.46
Approved for
Fifty Seven Dolls
W R Hunt
Maj. Comdg. Ord[?] Arsenal
✓
[oval handstamp:] ★ RECORD DIVISION. ★
WAR DEPARTMENT.
[inner ring:] REBEL ARCHIVES
Checks: Two separate things prove here. The docket's own figure, $57.00, is written once in the printed money space and once in words in the endorsement ("Fifty Seven Dolls") — consistent. The pencil column below the firm's name proves exactly: 57.00 + 145.67 + 75.00 + 243.99 + 92.80 + 1088.00 = $1,702.46, which is the total ruled off at the bottom of the column. Every figure in the column is entered as written; none has been adjusted.
Flagged: This is the most useful sheet in the range, because the pencil column is a batch summary of six Quinby and Robinson accounts settled together, and two of its six figures are accounts I have in hand. The $145.67 is image 122's account, and the $1,088 is image 120's — which independently confirms the reading of image 120's footing as $1,088.00 and not $1,055.00, since $1,055 would leave the column $33 short of the $1,702.46 it actually adds to. That is a second, external proof of the 8-for-5 trap, in a different hand from the account clerk's. The remaining four figures in the column — $57.00, $75.00, $243.99 and $92.80 — belong to accounts not in this range; the $57.00 is the amount of the docket this sheet itself carries. The docket does not answer its neighbours: image 122 (the sheet before) totals $145.67 and image 124 (the sheet after) is a different account again, so this $57.00 docket belongs to an account filmed elsewhere. "No. Voucher 999" is recorded as seen and is the same number carried by image 121's docket, which covers a different amount — a clear instance of the rule that docket numbers in this file cannot identify an account. The place and date spaces are blank on this docket, so it supplies no date of its own. The last line of Hunt's endorsement is the same title as on image 121; "Maj. Comdg." and the closing "Arsenal" are readable, the short contracted word between them is not, and my "Ord" is a doubtful reading offered only because the surrounding papers are all ordnance business. The oval handstamp reads clearly here: outer ring "★ RECORD DIVISION. ★ / WAR DEPARTMENT.", inner ring "REBEL ARCHIVES" — the postwar United States War Department mark applied when the captured Confederate records were arranged, not a wartime marking.
Image 124 — Ordnance Department–Memphis billhead, February 1862, 95 twelve-pounder spherical case weighing 1,140 lb at 5¢; total $57.00, receipted at Memphis 10 March 1862
The same printed billhead again, tall and mostly empty: one entry line and a three-line receipt at the top, then better than two-thirds of blank ruled column. The account hand is the fine sloping copperplate of images 120 and 122, but the receipt beneath it is in a distinctly rounder, more upright hand — a different writer. Down the right-hand margin, between roughly a third and a half of the way down the sheet, runs a band of faint offset writing transferred from a facing document while the ink was wet; it reads as mirrored capitals and cannot be recovered. A scatter of small dark specks and two or three pinhole-sized marks runs down the left margin. The paper is clean, with no fold visible in the upper half and a slight cockling toward the foot. The printed receipt block is complete and executed. No handstamp.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
Feby 1862
| | 95. 12 Pdr Spherical Case 1140 | 5 | 57 00 ✓
the Above have been received
at Laboratory A. C. Wurzbach
Supt
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to Fifty Seven Dolls
Wm Richardson Hunt Ord officer CSA
Received, Memphis Mch 10th 186 2 of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Fifty Seven __________ /100 Dollars
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Proves exactly at $57.00. 1,140 lb at 5¢ a pound = $57.00, which is the extension, and there is only the one entry, so the extension is also the total. The certification and the receipt both write it out as "Fifty Seven Dolls". A second, unforced check falls out of the quantity: 95 rounds against 1,140 lb is exactly 12 lb apiece, the right weight for a 12-pounder spherical case shot, so the count and the weight agree with each other and with the calibre named.
Flagged: Image 123's docket answers this sheet. That docket carries $57.00 and the pencil approval "Fifty Seven Dolls, W R Hunt", against this account's $57.00 certified and receipted in the same words; the pairing is proved on the amount and the wording. As with images 121 and 122, the docket is filmed one frame BEFORE the account it belongs to. The docket's place and date spaces were left blank, so it contributes no date; this account is dated only "Feby 1862" with no day filled in, and was receipted at Memphis on 10 March 1862 — the same payment date as images 120 and 122, which is consistent with the pencil batch column on image 123 settling six accounts together. The day and quantity columns at the left of the entry line are both empty; the clerk wrote the count "95." at the head of the description column instead of in the ruled quantity cell. The receipt of the goods here is signed not by Logwood but by A. C. Wurzbach, Supt., and specifies delivery "at Laboratory" — a different receiving point from the Machine Shop receipts elsewhere in this file. Wurzbach's name is written clearly and in full on this sheet, which is worth noting because the second certifying signature on images 120 and 122 is illegible and Wurzbach is the natural candidate for it; even so, I have not read those signatures as his, and the identification remains a proposal. The offset writing in the right margin is transfer from an adjacent sheet, not part of this document.
Image 125 — Requisition docket (endorsement panel) No. 495 for Quinby and Robinson, dated 30 January 1862, approved and marked "Filled" by Jno. E. Logwood; no amount
A folded wrapper opened flat and photographed landscape, of a different form from the voucher dockets at images 121 and 123. The endorsement panel is at the centre of the frame rather than the right, with blank leaves either side; the sheet is deeply cockled and the right-hand leaf has a torn nick at the top edge. The printed matter is spare — a pair of rules, "REQUISITION" in bold small capitals, "For" in small capitals on the line below, a second rule, "Dated" further down, a third rule, and "APPROVED." centred beneath it. Everything else is manuscript, in black ink in a confident hand with heavy shading. Across the left-hand leaf runs a broad diagonal band of ghost writing — partly show-through from the other side of the sheet, partly wet-ink offset from a document once folded against it — accompanied by a dozen small ink spatters and blots; mirrored and enhanced, none of it resolves into words. Small bracket-shaped filming marks appear at the right of the frame and near the bottom centre. No handstamp.
49[5 or 8]
______________________
REQUISITION
For Quinby & Robinson
______________________
Dated Jany 30/62
______________________
APPROVED.
Filled
Jno E Logwood
[initialled mark]
[flourish]
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The panel carries no money amount at all, only a reference number, a name, a date and the approval.
Flagged: The number at the head of the panel: its first two figures are plainly 4 and 9; the third is the character that reads as either 5 or 8 throughout this file, and because the sheet carries no money figure and no sum, nothing on the sheet itself settles it. It is settled by the next frame. Image 126 carries both the requisition this wrapper enclosed — same date, Jany 30 1862, same firm — and the receipt given for the goods on 31 January 1862, and that receipt names the paper it answers: "Requisition 495", written in a clear hand in which the 5 is unmistakably a 5. The number here is therefore 495, and I have shown it in the transcription as written rather than as resolved. This is a requisition wrapper, not a voucher docket, so it does not answer any of the accounts in this range: images 120, 122 and 124 are all February 1862 accounts with money totals, and this is dated 30 January 1862 and carries none. It sits between the February account at image 124 and the sheet at image 126, matching neither, and it belongs instead to the requisition and receipt filmed together on the very next frame, image 126. Its real value is in the signature: "Jno E Logwood", written here full and unhurried, is the same hand and the same name that appears as the compressed flourish "J. E. Logwood M.S.K." certifying receipt on images 120 and 122, and it settles that reading. "Filled" above the signature is the store keeper's note that the requisition had been satisfied. The mark below the signature is an initial or paraph that I cannot resolve into letters. The ghost writing on the left leaf is offset and show-through, not writing belonging to this document.
Image 126 — Two documents on one frame: (a) Requisition on the Ordnance Department at Memphis, made 30 January 1862, for 740 lb block tin and 8,000 lb copper for casting guns and copper shell; (b) Quinby and Robinson's receipt, Memphis, 31 January 1862, No. 517, for 8,000 lb copper and 745 lb tin against Requisition 495. No money on either sheet
Two separate documents photographed on one frame, the larger above and the smaller below, each on its own black ground. The upper document is a tall printed requisition form on light blue-ruled paper: "REQUISITION / ON / ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT / AT / MEMPHIS." set centred in mixed capitals, with a "For" space at the upper left, a certification panel ruled off at the upper right, twenty or so faint ruled lines for articles, and, at the foot, an "ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis" order to fill on the left against a receipt panel on the right. Only two of the ruled lines are used. The sheet has two strong horizontal folds across the middle, a chipped and slightly ragged bottom edge, and a torn nick at the upper right corner. The manuscript is in a bold black hand with heavy shading, except the signature under "Let the above Requisition be filled", which has faded to a pale grey ghost and is now barely legible. Two pencil figures, one written over the other, sit at the lower right corner outside the form. The lower document is a small oblong receipt form, torn or trimmed at the left and right edges, with a double-ruled border and a large engraved vignette at the left of a standing classical female figure — helmeted, shading her eyes with one hand, a spear or staff and shield beside her, on a rocky shore. A printed ornamental banner at the upper left carries "No." in decorative type. The receipt is written in a large, round, well-formed hand, quite different from the requisition's, in black ink. Three or four small rubber-stamp-like smudges run down the middle of the receipt, illegible. Neither sheet carries a Record Division handstamp.
[a — the requisition]
For REQUISITION I certify that the subjoined Requisi-
Quinby & Robinson ON tion is correct, and that the articles
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT specified are necessary for Casting
AT Guns & Copper Shell
MEMPHIS.
Made Jany 30th 186 2 Jno[?] W. [illegible]
Supt Foundry
______________________________________________________________________
740 ℔ Block Tin 745
8.000 ℔ Copper 8000 -
______________________________________________________________________
ORDNANCE OFFICE, I have received the articles above described from the
Memphis, Jany 30th 186 2 Armory Officer at Memphis.
Let the above Requisition be filled.
186
[Wm] Richardson [Hunt][?], Ord[nance] Off[ice]r[?].
C. S. A.
89
90
[b — the receipt]
No. 517 Memphis, January 31 1862
Received of J E Logwood M.S.K. _________________ Armory Officer,
Requisition 495
32 Boxes 10 Ingots Copper 8,000 ℔ ✓
Blocks Tin 745 ℔ ✓
Quinby & Robinson for[?] Knapp
Checks: No money figures on either sheet — no arithmetic to prove in the ordinary sense. What can be checked is that the two documents agree on quantities, and they very nearly do. The requisition asks for 740 lb block tin and 8,000 lb copper; the issue column beside those two lines reads 745 and 8000. The receipt on the sheet below acknowledges 8,000 lb copper and 745 lb tin, agreeing exactly with the issue column and exceeding the tin requisitioned by 5 lb. That 5 lb difference is what the papers say and is left as written; it is the difference between what was asked for and what was actually weighed out, not an error in a sum.
Flagged: This frame settles image 125. The docket there is the wrapper to this requisition — same firm, same date of 30 January 1862, "Filled" and signed by Jno. E. Logwood — and the receipt here names the paper it answers as "Requisition 495" in a hand whose 5 is unmistakable, which fixes the ambiguous third figure on image 125 as a 5 and not an 8. Note that the receipt's own number, "No. 517", is a different number from the requisition number 495; both are recorded as seen, and neither should be read as a voucher number. The purpose stated on the requisition — tin and copper "necessary for Casting Guns & Copper Shell" — is the plainest statement of the firm's work in this range, and the quantities are substantial: four tons of copper and something over a third of a ton of tin, the metal for bronze ordnance. The certifying signature at the upper right, over "Supt Foundry", I cannot read; the given name looks like the contraction "Jno" and there is a middle initial, but the surname will not resolve, and I have not proposed a name for it. The signature ordering the requisition filled, at the lower left, has faded almost entirely; what survives legibly is the tail of a name ending "-ichardson", the office abbreviation, and "C. S. A." on the line below. W. R. Hunt signs the accounts elsewhere in this range in exactly the form "Wm Richardson Hunt, Ord officer C.S.A.", and the surviving strokes are consistent with that, but the reading is a proposal built on the neighbouring sheets, not something this sheet can carry on its own. The receipt panel at the lower right of the requisition — "I have received the articles above described from the Armory Officer at Memphis" — was left entirely blank and unexecuted, with even the "186" year space unfilled; the receipt was given instead on the separate slip filmed below. Logwood appears here as "Armory Officer" on the printed line, whereas on images 120 and 122 he signs as Military Store Keeper; the printed word is the form's, not his. The two pencil figures at the lower right corner of the requisition, "89" written above "90", are a later filing or pagination mark, not part of the document. The word before "Knapp" in the firm's signature has a looped ascender and a descender and reads as "for"; "per" would be the expected form in this position, so the reading is marked doubtful.
Image 127 — Requisition docket (endorsement panel) No. 488 for Quinby and Robinson, dated 28 January 1862, approved and marked "Filled" by Jno. E. Logwood; no amount
The same printed requisition wrapper as image 125, opened flat and photographed landscape, and in noticeably worse condition. The endorsement panel is left of centre with a wide blank leaf to its right. Two mirrored pale brown stains sit either side of the right-hand fold, the paired impression of a single damp or grease stain that soaked through while the sheet was folded, and a scatter of small hard black ink blots lies across the right leaf and near its lower right corner. The top edge is torn and ragged in two places, with a loss of perhaps a centimetre at the fold. Across the left leaf runs a faint diagonal band of ghost strokes — offset and show-through, the same character as on image 125 — and a curved line of small marks near the bottom left corner. The printed matter is identical to image 125: rules above and below "REQUISITION", "For" beneath it, "Dated" further down, then "APPROVED." centred. The manuscript is in the same black, heavily shaded hand as image 125. A bracket-shaped filming mark sits in the middle of the right leaf. No handstamp.
488.
______________________
REQUISITION
For Quinby & Robinson
______________________
Dated Jany 28/62.
______________________
APPROVED.
Filled,
Jno E Logwood
[initialled mark]
[flourish]
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The panel carries a reference number, a firm, a date and an approval, and no money at all.
Flagged: The number here is 488, and unlike image 125's it is not in doubt: both of the last two characters are written as full figure-eights, two crossed loops apiece, quite unlike the single-bowl-and-bar character on image 125 that this file's warning is about. Having the two dockets a frame apart in the same hand is useful, because it shows the writer's 8 and his 5 side by side: 488 here, 495 there. This is a second requisition wrapper of the same series as image 125 — same form, same hand, same firm, same store keeper — dated 28 January 1862, two days before the other. It carries no money amount and therefore answers none of the February accounts in this range. The requisition it wrapped is filmed two frames on, at image 128 — a requisition of 28 January 1862 for tin, copper and zinc, whose receipt names "Requisition 488" — and the receipt for the copper and tin from that same requisition is at image 129. So this docket has its papers here, but at a remove of two and three frames rather than one. "Jno E Logwood" is again written full and clear, with "Filled," above it, and the same illegible initialled mark and closing flourish appear below the signature as on image 125.
Image 128 — Two documents on one frame: (a) Requisition on the Ordnance Department at Memphis, made 28 January 1862, for 700 lb block tin, 7,000 lb copper and 300 lb zinc for casting guns and copper shot and shell; (b) Quinby and Robinson's receipt, Memphis, 30 January 1862, No. 509, for 302 lb zinc against Requisition 488, marked Duplicate. No money on either sheet
The same pairing as image 126 — a tall requisition form above, a small oblong receipt below, each on its own black ground. The requisition is the identical printed form: "REQUISITION / ON / ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT / AT / MEMPHIS." centred, a "For" space upper left, a certification panel ruled off upper right, a long field of faint ruled lines of which only three are used, and at the foot the "ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis" order to fill against an unexecuted receipt panel. This copy has taken more damage than image 126's: a clean horizontal tear runs in from the left edge about a third of the way down, with a triangular loss at the fold below it, and there is a second horizontal fold across the middle. A soft grey stain spreads across the sheet just above the foot, and lighter foxing sits in the upper right quarter. The manuscript is in the same bold shaded hand; the signature ordering the requisition filled has faded to a grey ghost, and immediately below it sits a struck line in blocky, broken, unevenly inked letters that reads as a handstamp rather than writing. Three pencil figures are stacked at the lower right corner outside the form. The receipt below is the same small form as image 126's, with the double-ruled border and the engraved vignette of a helmeted classical female figure shading her eyes, spear and shield beside her, standing on a rock. It is torn along the top edge and stained brown at the upper right and lower right corners. Written across the receipt's body in a fine diagonal, in a lighter hand than the receipt itself, is the word "Duplicate". Neither sheet carries a Record Division handstamp.
[a — the requisition]
For REQUISITION I certify that the subjoined Requisi-
Quinby & Robinson ON tion is correct, and that the articles
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT specified are necessary for Casting
AT Guns & Copper Shot & Shell
MEMPHIS.
Made January 28th 186 2 J[?] W. Wheaton[?]
Supt Foundry
______________________________________________________________________
700 ℔ - Block Tin 693
7.000 ℔ Copper 6995
300 ℔ Zink 302
______________________________________________________________________
ORDNANCE OFFICE, I have received the articles above described from the
Memphis, January 28th 186 2 Armory Officer at Memphis.
Let the above Requisition be filled.
186
W. Richardson [Hunt][?] [ordnance officer]
[handstamp:] Ordnance Officer C. S. A.
89
88
[b — the receipt]
No. 509 Memphis, January 30th 1862
Received of Jno E Logwood M.S.K. ______________ Armory Officer,
Requisition 488
✓ 302 ℔ Zinc [written across, diagonally: Duplicate]
Quinby & Robinson for[?] Knapp
Checks: No money figures on either sheet — no arithmetic to prove. Quantities can be compared, and the comparison is instructive: against 700 lb of block tin requisitioned, 693 was issued; against 7,000 lb of copper, 6,995; against 300 lb of zinc, 302. Two of the three fell a little short of the request and one ran a little over, which is what weighing out bulk metal produces. The receipt below acknowledges 302 lb of zinc, agreeing exactly with the zinc line's issue figure. It does not acknowledge the tin or the copper.
Flagged: This frame pairs with image 127 exactly as image 126 pairs with image 125. The receipt names the paper it answers as "Requisition 488" — the number on image 127's docket — and the requisition above it is dated 28 January 1862, the date written on that docket, for the same firm. The pairing is proved on the number and the date together, and the docket again sits one frame before the papers it belongs to. Note that the receipt's own number, 509, is distinct from the requisition number 488, exactly as on image 126, where the receipt was 517 against Requisition 495; both numbers are recorded as seen and neither is a voucher number. The receipt below covers only the zinc. The copper and the tin from the same requisition were receipted on a separate slip, No. 508 of 28 January, which is filmed on the next frame at image 129; the two receipts together account for the whole issue. This one is docketed "Duplicate" in a second hand, as is the one at image 129, so both are second copies. The certifying signature over "Supt Foundry" is by the same writer as on image 126 and is better formed here: the surname reads as "Wheaton" and the given name as a contraction of two or three letters, but neither is firm and both are marked doubtful. If the reading holds, it also improves the illegible signature on image 126, which would then be the same man; that is a proposal, not a reading. The signature ordering the requisition filled has faded badly, but more survives than on image 126 — "Richardson" is legible, preceded by an initial and followed by a flourish consistent with "Hunt", which would make it W. Richardson Hunt, the officer who signs and pays the accounts in this range. The line immediately below, "Ordnance Officer C. S. A.", is struck in blocky broken letters and is a handstamp rather than manuscript; a fainter version of the same line appears on image 126 and I now take that one to be the same stamp lightly struck. The clerk writes "Zink" on the requisition and "Zinc" on the receipt; both are left as written. The three pencil figures at the lower right corner of the requisition are a faint mark, then "89" above "88" — a later filing or pagination mark, and worth setting beside image 126's "89" above "90". The word before "Knapp" in the firm's signature again reads "for" where "per" would be expected, and is marked doubtful for the same reason as on image 126.
Image 129 — Two documents on one frame: (a) Quinby and Robinson's receipt, Memphis, 28 January 1862, No. 508, for 29 boxes, 6,995 lb copper and 693 lb tin against Requisition 488, marked Duplicate; (b) a requisition docket (endorsement panel) numbered 188, for Quinby and Robinson, undated, marked "Filled" by Jno. E. Logwood. No money on either sheet
Two documents on one frame, the small receipt above and a folded wrapper below, each on its own black ground. The receipt is the same printed form as those on images 126 and 128 — double-ruled border, the ornamental banner carrying "No." at the upper left, and at the far left a large engraved vignette of a helmeted classical female figure standing on a rock, one hand raised to shade her eyes, a spear and a quiver or shield at her shoulder. The sheet is torn irregularly along the top edge with a loss at the upper right, and a grey stain spreads across the top of the writing. The receipt hand is large, round and black. Written diagonally up across the body of the receipt, in a finer pen, is the word "Duplicate", and a faint pencil annotation sits at the right of the tin line. The lower document is a folded requisition wrapper opened flat, showing four panels; the printed panel is second from the left and the rest of the sheet is blank. Its printed form differs from the wrappers at images 125 and 127: "Requisition" is set in heavy blackletter rather than roman capitals, and beneath the "For" line come ruled dotted lines labelled "Captain", "Regiment", "Colonel" and "Volunteers" — a form made for issuing to troops rather than to a contractor. All four of those lines, and the "Dated" and "Approved" lines below them, were left blank. The endorsement below the printed panel is in faint grey ink, much lighter than the equivalents on images 125 and 127. Two ink stains and a scatter of specks lie on the blank left panel near the bottom, and bracket-shaped filming marks appear at the left and right. Neither sheet carries a Record Division handstamp.
[a — the receipt]
No. 508 Memphis, January 28 186 2
Received of J E Logwood M.S.K. ______________ Armory Officer,
Requisition 488
✓ 29 Boxes [written across, diagonally: Duplicate]
✓ 6995 ℔ Copper
✓ 693 ℔ Tin [faint pencil annotation, illegible]
Quinby & Robinson for[?] Knapp
[b — the requisition docket]
188
______________________
Requisition
For Quinby & Robinson
Captain .............................
Regiment ............................
Colonel .............................
Volunteers ..........................
...........................
Dated ..................
Approved.
...........................
______________________
Filled
Jno E Logwood
[flourish]
Checks: No money figures on either sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The receipt's quantities can be checked against image 128's requisition, and they agree to the pound: that requisition's issue column reads 6995 for copper and 693 for tin, and this receipt acknowledges 6,995 lb copper and 693 lb tin. The 29 boxes have no counterpart on the requisition and cannot be tested. Taken with image 128's receipt No. 509 for 302 lb zinc, the two receipts together account for all three articles issued on Requisition 488 — copper, tin and zinc.
Flagged: The receipt above belongs with images 127 and 128: it names "Requisition 488", the number on image 127's docket, and its figures match the issue column of image 128's requisition exactly. Note the sequence, which is worth recording as seen rather than tidied: this receipt is numbered 508 and dated 28 January, while image 128's receipt for the zinc from the same requisition is numbered 509 and dated 30 January — the copper and tin were taken away on the day the requisition was made and the zinc two days later, and each was receipted separately. Both are docketed "Duplicate" in the same fine second hand, so both are second copies. The requisition docket below is a different matter and should not be read as belonging to the receipt above it. Its number is 188, not 488: the leading character is a single unadorned stroke with none of the crossbar and diagonal that this file's 4 carries — compare the 4 in "488" written twice on this same frame — while the two following characters are full figure-eights. It is also on a different printed form from the wrappers at images 125 and 127, one laid out for a company requisition with lines for Captain, Regiment, Colonel and Volunteers, all left blank here, as were the Dated and Approved lines. With no date and no amount, this docket cannot be tied to any account or requisition in this range, and I flag it where it stands as an unattached wrapper rather than assigning it to a neighbour. Its one certain content is the same "Filled / Jno E Logwood" endorsement that appears on images 125 and 127. The faint pencil annotation to the right of the tin line on the receipt is a short word or two in a light hand; I can make out perhaps five letters and will not propose a reading. The word before "Knapp" in the firm's signature again reads "for" where "per" would be expected, and is marked doubtful as on images 126 and 128.
Image 130 — Requisition on Ordnance Department at Memphis, made 29 October 1861, for ten thousand pounds copper for Quinby & Robinson; with the firm's receipt (No. 87) for 10,016 lb, Memphis, 31[?] October 1861
Two documents in one frame. The upper and larger is a printed blank, "REQUISITION / ON / ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT / AT / Memphis," with a ruled and faintly cross-hatched security ground; down its left margin runs a printed column of ordnance stores (Muskets, Minnie Rifles, Enfield Rifles, and so on down to Spurs), each with a ruled line running to the right for quantities, and at the upper right a printed certificate of the commanding officer with a blank signature rule. The certificate is not executed. The requisitioning particulars — For, Captain, Regiment, Colonel, Volunteers — are not filled in line by line; instead a single large diagonal scrawl of the firm's name is thrown across all five rules in heavy black ink. The body is written in a fine, sloping, well-controlled clerical hand in black ink that has held its color. Laid over the lower third of the requisition, and photographed with it, is a separate smaller printed receipt form with a wood-engraved vignette at its left edge — a standing classical female figure with a spear and shield, seated on rocks by water — and a printed ribbon or scroll device carrying "No." at its head. That slip is on white wove paper, cleaner and brighter than the requisition beneath it, and its lower edge cuts across the requisition's own signature block, leaving W. R. Hunt's signature and the printed "Ordnance Officer." visible below it. A pencil or ink jotting in a second, coarser hand runs above the receipt's date line. The bottom edge of the frame is dark and the last line of writing there is partly lost off the image.
For .......[ ]...................... REQUISITION I certify that the subjoined Requisi-
Captain............................. ON tion is correct, and that the articles
Regiment........................... ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT specified are necessary for my Com-
Colonel.............................. AT mand.
Volunteers......................... Memphis,
Made ... Oct 29 ....... 186 1 ...............................................
[across the five rules above, diagonally, in one hand:] Quinby & Robinson[?]
Muskets,
Minnie Rifles, Ten thousand pounds Copper,
Enfield Rifles,
Merrill Rifles, for Quinby & Robinson, to be charged
Kentucky Rifles,
Pistols, to their account
Swords, infantry,
" artillery, 10016 lbs
" cavalry,
Cartridges, musket,
" Minnie,
" cannon,
" boxes,
" belts,
Bayonet scabbards,
Caps,
Cap box,
Holsters,
Holster covers,
Carbine boots, Special order of
Saddles, Col. Hunt —
Bridles, A[?]. J. J.
Halters,
Feed Bags,
Spurs,
------ [separate receipt slip laid over the sheet] ------
November 2/ 1861
[ribbon:] No. 87 Memphis, Oct 31[?] 186 1
Received of J E Logwood Armory Officer,
38 Boxes Copper 10.016 lb 38 Boxes Ctg[?] Copper
Quinby & Robinson
Pr McConnell
------ [requisition sheet resumes below the slip] ------
........... W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer. ...........................
[?]. J. E. Logwood
Checks: The only figures on the two sheets are the weight of copper, and they agree: the requisition asks "Ten thousand pounds Copper" and carries the figure 10016 lbs; the receipt acknowledges "38 Boxes Copper 10.016 lb." No rates, no extensions and no money total appear on either sheet, so there is no arithmetic to prove beyond that agreement. The requisition's own written words ("Ten thousand") and its figure (10016) differ by 16 lb, the words being the round quantity asked for and the figure the quantity actually weighed out.
Flagged: The diagonal scrawl across the For/Captain/Regiment/Colonel/Volunteers rules is heavy and rapid; it resolves as "Quinby & Robinson" chiefly by its second word, which is a clear "Robinson," and by the sense of the requisition, but the first word is not separately legible and is given as uncertain. The three initials under "Col. Hunt —" are small and rapid; the second and third are plainly repeated capitals of the same form (read here as J), the first is crossed or flourished and cannot be settled — "A. J. J." is the best reading offered, not a certainty. The day in "Memphis, Oct __ 186 1" is written over by a heavy flourish descending from "Oct"; two digits are present, read as 3 and 1, and 31 sits correctly between the requisition of 29 October and the endorsement of 2 November, but the reading is not secure. The abbreviated word in "38 Boxes Ctg[?] Copper" is written with an abbreviation bar and is not certain; "Ctg" (cartridge) is offered only as a proposal, and "Old" was considered and rejected on the letter forms. The voucher number in the printed ribbon is faint against the shaded ribbon ground; the first digit has both an upper and a lower loop and is read as 8 rather than the 5 this file's hands can imitate, giving No. 87. The signature at the extreme bottom left runs off the lower edge of the frame; the surname is Logwood and the letters before it read "[?]. J. E." — the first token may be a "pr" or an abbreviated forename and cannot be recovered from this scan. The printed "I certify that the subjoined Requisition is correct" block at the head is left blank, as the brief anticipated for several sheets in this file. Note that this frame is a REQUISITION blank, not the "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT—MEMPHIS. / CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" billhead, and not a "STATE OF TENNESSEE" form.
Image 131 — Docket and endorsement, Memphis, Tennessee, 17 March 1862: Quinby & Robinson apply for transportation to remove their foundry machinery to a place of safety; endorsed to General Beauregard, received Head Quarters Army of the Mississippi 23 March 1862; no money figures
The back of a folded letter, photographed flat: a single sheet of thin, unruled, cream-white wove writing paper, folded lengthwise into three panels, of which the left panel carries the file docket, the centre panel a superior officer's endorsement, and the right panel is blank. The vertical fold lines show as pale bands, and the outer edges of the sheet are slightly ragged and lift from the mount at the foot. The docket is written in a fine, upright, professional clerical hand in black ink, spaced out with three ruled horizontal divider strokes drawn across the panel between its parts. The endorsement in the centre panel is in a different hand — larger, more sloping, more hurried, with two words struck through — and its ink is browner and, toward the foot, badly faded. Across the lower half of the centre panel is a large oval purple or blue-grey handstamp of the postwar custodian, its lettering running around two concentric ovals and reading, so far as it is legible through the writing, "...RD DIVISION" on the left arc, "REBEL ARCHIVES" on the inner ring and "WAR DEPARTMENT" on the right arc. The signature of the endorsing officer falls directly under the densest part of that stamp and is largely lost. A small foxing spot or two shows at the right of the frame. There are no printed elements of any kind on the sheet.
[left panel — docket] [centre panel — endorsement]
Q.2. Mess Quinby & Robinson
------------------------ are the proprietors of
one of the largest
Memphis Tenn foundries in the
March 17" 1862 South West and
it is of the utmost
------------ importance ~~that~~
~~the~~ to the Country
Quinby & Robinson that their machinery
etc should be
------------ saved.
The attention of
Apply for trans- Genl Beauregard
-portation for the re- is respectfully
moval of the ma- called to propriety
chinery of their Found of granting their
-ry to a place of request
Safety.
Respectfully &c
---------
[signature, illegible under
the archives handstamp]
[ See telegrams
Maj Genl
--------- Comdg
Recd Hd. Qrs. Ar. Mis[s]
March 23" 62
[oval handstamp, over the lower centre panel:]
[RECO]RD DIVISION / REBEL ARCHIVES / WAR DEPARTMENT
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The only numerals are the two dates, 17 March 1862 (Memphis, the firm's application) and 23 March 1862 (receipt at Head Quarters, Army of the Mississippi), which run in the right order six days apart, and the filing symbol "Q.2." at the head of the docket.
Flagged: The endorsing officer's signature is written over by the oval archives handstamp and has faded besides; it is not recoverable from this scan beyond an opening capital that may be an L. As a proposal only, and not as a reading: the endorser writes as a Major General commanding, refers Beauregard to the case in the third person, and is writing at or about Memphis in March 1862, which would fit Major General Leonidas Polk; this is offered as outside knowledge to be checked, and must not be entered as a transcription. The struck-through words after "importance" and at the head of the following line are cancelled with heavy strokes; "that" and "the" are the best readings and both are uncertain. "Recd Hd. Qrs. Ar. Mis[s]" is contracted and the final letters run off into a flourish; the expansion "Received, Head Quarters, Army of the Mississippi" is a proposal from the abbreviation, not a reading. Whether "Q.2." is a filing symbol, a bundle mark, or something else is not determinable from the sheet. This frame is a docket and endorsement only; it names no account, no voucher number and no sum, so by the file's own rule it cannot be paired with any account on the strength of its figures. Its neighbour at image 130 is a copper requisition and receipt of October–November 1861 at Memphis — same place, same firm, but five months earlier and on a wholly different subject, so the two do not answer one another.
Image 132 — Letter, Quinby & Robinson to Major General L. Polk, Memphis, Tennessee, 17 March 1862, asking steamboat transportation for their machinery to Grenada or Vicksburgh and thence by railroad to Atlanta; no money figures
A single leaf of unruled, thin, cream-white wove writing paper, written on the recto only in a large, confident, fast commercial hand in black ink that has stayed strong and glossy — a merchant's letter, not a clerk's account. The writing sprawls across the full width and the lines run downhill slightly to the right, several of them finishing in long trailing terminals that reach the right edge of the leaf. Two horizontal fold creases cross the sheet, one high in the text and one low, both showing as pale lines with a slight shadow; the leaf is otherwise clean, with only a scatter of small brown foxing dots in the lower blank half. The right edge of the sheet falls short of the frame, leaving a dark margin, and one or two terminals are clipped at that edge. There are no printed elements, no billhead, no stamps and no docket on this face; the lower two-fifths of the leaf is blank.
Memphis Tenn Mar 17/62
Maj. Gen. L. Polk
Sir
We are anxious to preserve
a part if not all of our Machinery in order
to start new works to make Cannon Shot &
Shell on Contract made with Government
but for want of transportation can not get
the machinery away from town
Will you or the proper officer give us
transportation by Steam boat down the
River to Grenada or Vicksburgh and
thence by Railroad to Atlanta or if
only to Vicksburgh we will endeavor
to get it safe—
Yours Respctfly
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: No figures on the sheet beyond the date — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: This is plainly the letter that the docket and endorsement at image 131 wrap, and the two agree at every point that can be tested: same place (Memphis, Tennessee), same date (17 March 1862), same firm, and the same subject — transportation to remove the foundry machinery to a place of safety. The docket's endorsement, whose signature is buried under the archives handstamp, is addressed by this letter to "Maj. Gen. L. Polk," which supports but does not prove the reading of that signature; the endorser writes as "Maj Genl Comdg" and refers the case on to General Beauregard, which is what a recipient named Polk would do. Recorded here as a pairing of neighbouring frames, not as a reading of the illegible signature. "Grenada" is written with what look like two ascenders close together before the final "da"; the second is probably ink rather than a letter, and the word is entered as Grenada. "Vicksburgh" is spelled with the terminal h both times, and "Respctfly" is contracted exactly as shown; neither has been corrected. The firm signs in the same hand as the body, so the letter appears to be autograph rather than clerk-written. Note the substance for the file: the firm describes a contract already made with Government for cannon shot and shell, and proposes to start new works elsewhere — Atlanta is named as the intended destination, three months before the fall of Memphis put them at Columbus, Mississippi.
Image 133 — Archivist's cross-reference slip: contract of Quinby & Robinson mentioned, Chap 2.12-301, see Tennessee Vouchers; no date, no place, no figures
A tall, narrow slip of pale blue-grey paper, faintly ruled with widely spaced horizontal lines, written in a broad-nibbed modern hand — a heavy black ink and a rounded, plain, almost printed script quite unlike any of the Confederate hands in this file. Six short lines of writing occupy the upper third; the rest is blank except for the custodian's oval handstamp, struck low on the slip in a pale blue-grey ink and here perfectly legible: two concentric ovals, "RECORD DIVISION," around the top of the outer ring, "WAR DEPARTMENT." around the bottom, "REBEL ARCHIVES." in the inner ring, with a small five-pointed star at each side between the rings. The slip is clean, with no folds, no tears and no staining. This is a finding-aid slip made by the postwar custodians of the captured Confederate records, not a Confederate document.
Contract
Quinby & Robinson
mentioned
Chap 2 . 12 - 301.
see Tennessee Vouchers.
[oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION, / * REBEL ARCHIVES. * / WAR DEPARTMENT.
Checks: No money figures on the slip — no arithmetic to prove. The only numerals are the archival citation, Chap 2.12-301, which is a reference, not a sum.
Flagged: This slip belongs to the postwar arrangement of the records and carries no Confederate date, place or officer; it is a stray in the sense that it answers no account, but it is filed here deliberately, to point a reader from this Citizens File jacket to a contract entered in another series. "Chap 2.12-301" is written with the digit groups separated by a centred point and a dash exactly as shown; the reading of every digit is clear. "Tennessee Vouchers" is the destination series named. Note that the same oval stamp appears, much fainter and largely buried under writing, on the endorsement at image 131, where only fragments of its lettering can be made out; this slip gives the full text of that stamp and can be used to read it. Nothing here can be paired with a money account, and the slip should not be taken as evidence of the amount, date or subject of the contract it points to.
Image 134 — Printed index card of Confederate records: Quinby & Robinson, Memphis, Tenn., see personal papers of O[?] B. Parker, Tenn.; no date, no figures
A tall printed card of stiff white stock, form (539), ruled with widely spaced dotted lines for entries and carrying at its foot, in bold condensed capitals, "INDEX CARD OF CONFEDERATE RECORDS." with the smaller line "This card must not be taken from the files." beneath it, and the form number "(539)" set at the lower left. The card's third and fourth entry lines are the printed skeleton of a soldier's identification — a blank, then ", Co. ____," then a blank, then "Reg't" and a blank — which the indexer has struck through at "Reg't" because this is a firm, not a soldier. "See personal papers of" is printed in the middle of the card. All the entries are written in a fine modern hand in black ink of the same character as the slip at image 133. A small pen mark or flourish stands at the extreme top left corner above the name, and a small, badly under-inked handstamp — no more than a blur of letters — shows at the lower left beside the printed heading. The card is clean and unfolded; the whole lower half above the printed footer is blank.
[pen mark]
Quinby & Robinson
...................................................
Memphis Tenn
...................................................
...................................................
See personal papers of
O[?] B. Parker
...................................................
................, Co. ......, ....... ~~Reg't~~ Tenn
...................................................
INDEX CARD OF CONFEDERATE RECORDS.
This card must not be taken from the files.
(539)
Checks: No figures on the card — no arithmetic to prove. The only number is the printed form number (539), which under the file's own rule is a form number and not a voucher number.
Flagged: The first initial of the referred-to name is a closed oval with a lead-in stroke and is read as O; J was considered and is less likely on the letter form, but the reading is not certain, and the name is entered as "O[?] B. Parker." The printed word "Reg't" is struck through in ink by the indexer and "Tenn" written after it, so the card carries the state without a regiment — consistent with an entry for a firm of contractors rather than a soldier. The small handstamp at the lower left is too lightly struck to read at this resolution and is not transcribed. Like image 133 this is a postwar finding-aid card, not a Confederate document; it names no date, no sum and no officer, and cannot be paired with any account in the file. Together, images 133 and 134 are a pair of cross-reference slips filed consecutively — one pointing to Tennessee Vouchers, the other to the personal papers of O[?] B. Parker — and neither answers the letter and endorsement at images 131 and 132 that precede them.
Image 135 — Two cross-reference slips in one frame: (a) Quinby & Robinson, Memphis, Tenn., see Etowah Manfg & Mining Co., No. 11 and No. 13; (b) a wrapper strip endorsed Quinby & Robinson, see Tenn. Vouchers; no dates, no figures
Two separate pieces laid on a black backing and photographed in one exposure, the taller standing above and slightly right of centre, the wider lying below and to the left, their edges not touching. The upper piece is a tall narrow slip of plain white unruled paper, clean and unfolded but with a small nick out of its right edge about a third of the way down and a single dark speck near the foot; five short lines of writing sit in its top fifth and the remaining four-fifths are entirely blank. Its hand is a fine, looping, confident modern script in strong black ink. The lower piece is a wide, shallow strip — the endorsement panel cut or torn from a document wrapper — of thin, laid, slightly grey paper whose horizontal laid lines and some faint printing showing through from the other side are visible in the exposure; its top edge is uneven and its lower right corner is creased. On it the firm's name is written very large in soft pencil, now silvery and faint, and beneath the name a second, smaller note is written in black ink. Struck across the right third of that strip is a large oval handstamp with a beaded outer border, of which only the word "RECORD" can be made out running up the left side of the oval; the rest is too faint to read. Neither piece carries a date, a place other than Memphis, or any money figure.
[upper slip]
Quinby & Robinson
Memphis. Tenn.
See
Etowah Manfg & Mining
Co.
No - 11.
" 13
[lower strip]
[in pencil, large:] Quinby & Robinson
[in ink:] See Tenn. Vouchers
[oval handstamp, right third, mostly illegible:] RECORD [ . . . ]
Checks: No money figures on either piece — no arithmetic to prove. The only numerals are the two reference numbers on the upper slip, 11 and 13, the second written under a ditto mark that carries "No." down from the line above.
Flagged: Both pieces are postwar finding-aid work rather than Confederate documents, and neither can be paired with an account: they carry no date, no sum, no officer and no voucher number of the wartime kind. The upper slip's reference — "Etowah Manfg & Mining Co., No. 11, No. 13" — connects this firm's file to the Etowah works, which the brief records elsewhere in this file as the Etowah Iron Works purchase; that connection is offered as a proposal from outside knowledge, since the slip itself says only "See." The lower strip repeats, in a different medium and a different hand, the same instruction found in ink at image 133, "see Tennessee Vouchers"; the two are separate slips, not one document filmed twice, since the wording, the hand and the support all differ. The oval handstamp on the lower strip is the same custodial stamp read in full at image 133, but here only "RECORD" survives legibly and the remainder is not transcribed. The pencil name on the lower strip is very faint and would be easy to lose in a lighter exposure; it is certain here only because the letter forms match the ink note beneath it in size and slope. Note for the record that this frame contains two items: the pieces must not be conflated, and both must be counted.
Image 136 — Docketed memorandum, "To Quinby & Robinson / About the intention to burn their foundry," dated Jan 3, 62, with descriptions of three men; stamped GEN. POLK'S PAPERS; no place named on this face, no figures
A folded sheet of thin, faintly blue-grey laid writing paper, opened out and photographed on its back, so that three panels show: the left panel blank, the centre panel carrying the docket, and the right panel carrying the memorandum itself written sideways, at right angles to the docket, so that the sheet must be turned a quarter turn to read it. The hand of both docket and memorandum is the same — a rapid, sloping, well-formed correspondent's hand in black ink, with the writer's habit of drawing a short horizontal bar over "the," "rather," "another" and similar words. Two heavy horizontal rules divide the docket's three lines. Fold creases run across the sheet and one of them passes straight through the sideways text, breaking two lines. On the centre panel, struck over the docket's lower half, is the oval custodial handstamp — the same "RECORD DIVISION, / REBEL ARCHIVES. / WAR DEPARTMENT." device read in full at image 133, here well inked and legible, with a five-pointed star at the left of the inner ring. A date is written in ink directly across the top of that oval. Low on the same panel, very faintly struck in a pale grey ink and barely readable, is a second, straight-line handstamp reading "GEN. POLK'S PAPERS". One word appears interlined above "intention" in the docket but is a bleed-through from the other side rather than writing, and is not transcribed.
[centre panel — docket, upright]
To Quinby & Robinson
--------------------------------
About the intention
to burn their foundry
--------------------------------
Jan - 3 - 62
[written across the top of the oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION, / * REBEL ARCHIVES. / WAR DEPARTMENT.
[faint straight-line handstamp, lower panel:] GEN. POLK'S PAPERS
[right panel — memorandum, written sideways]
Carpenter about 5 feet 6 inches, about 25
years old. with full head of dark hair
large eyes, Carries his head rather down
looking up under his brow and a little
Stooped in his Shoulders, has a Swagging
walk, rather dark Complexion. Was one of
John Browns men at Harpers Ferry.
Another name not Known about 5 feet
5 inches -- large black eyes - black wavy
hair - very red Cheeks, and what would
be Called a very handsome little fellow
Another about 5 feet 11 inches - rather
light hair Cut Short. mustache, his
head being narrow, between the ears, and
long from front to ~~[word struck out]~~ back, about 25
years old -all of them active well formed
men
Checks: There are no money figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The figures present are physical descriptions and a date: heights of 5 feet 6 inches, 5 feet 5 inches and 5 feet 11 inches, ages of about 25 and about 25, three men described in all, and the docket date Jan 3, 62. Those are consistent with one another and with the docket's three-line summary; nothing to test.
Flagged: The month in the docket date is written across the heavy ink of the oval handstamp and is hard to settle on this frame alone; read by itself the letters after the J look like two open arches, which at first sight favours "Jun" over "Jan." It is settled as JANUARY by two other frames, and is entered here accordingly: the same sheet is filmed again at image 138, where the better exposure shows an "a", and the letter at image 137 that this memorandum encloses is dated "January 3d 1862" and begins its own description of the men with the same word, Carpenter. The reading Jun is therefore withdrawn. The struck-out word in "long from front to ~~[?]~~ back" is cancelled with a firm stroke and cannot be read. No place is named anywhere on this face; Memphis is the obvious inference from the firm and the subject, but the sheet does not say so and it is not entered as a reading. The word interlined above "intention" is show-through from the reverse and is deliberately not transcribed. The "GEN. POLK'S PAPERS" handstamp ties this sheet to the same body of papers as the endorsement at image 131 and the letter at image 132, both of which involve Major General L. Polk; that is a filing connection, not evidence about the date or contents. The memorandum names John Brown and Harpers Ferry, which is a striking piece of substance for the file and is recorded exactly as written, without comment on its truth. This sheet answers no account and carries no voucher number; it cannot be paired with any money document in this range.
Image 137 — Letter to Quinby & Robinson, dated January 3d 1862, warning them that three of the "Jesse Scouts" have left this City to burn their foundry under Halleck's orders; first leaf, unsigned here; no figures
A single leaf of thin, unruled, cream-white wove writing paper, written on the recto in a hurried, strongly sloping hand in black ink, with the writer's habit of a short horizontal bar drawn over "the," "rather," "another" and similar words, and with several words heavily underscored for emphasis — Halleck (twice), foundry, Streets, hanging, burning. The text fills the whole leaf edge to edge, twenty-two lines with no margin at the foot, and runs off the bottom of the sheet in mid-sentence, so this is the first of at least two leaves. A single horizontal fold crease crosses the sheet about three-fifths of the way down and shows as a hard dark line that cuts through one line of writing. Along the whole left edge, written vertically bottom-to-top and at right angles to the text, is an afterthought in the same hand and ink. The sheet is clean, without stamps, dockets or foxing; a small pen flick shows at the top right corner. No place of writing is given at the head — only the date.
January 3d 1862.
Mess Quinby & Robinson -
Dr Sirs. I have this
day learned from undoubted authority of
the existence of an association of Spies
here under the name of the Jesse Scouts
and acting under the orders & direction of
our Camanche Genl Halleck. It is only
this afternoon that I got hold of the facts
and learned that 3 of this band of devils
left this City last week for your place,
for the avowed purpose of burning your
foundry and perhaps Streets & that too
under the orders & advice of Halleck
Rely on it. this information is undoubted
& positive and I trust will not only be in
time to save you but that you will succeed
in Catching, and Causing the the hanging
or burning these devils at the stake.
As they have had 3 or 4 days the
Start they will be at your place before
this reaches you but still hope this
will be in time. Those fellows are
said to have been in your place before,
& know the run of the place. I wrote
to E. M. Avery last week & sent letters by same
Conveyance to H[?] M Hawkes & Lowe. I send you
herewith discription of the three incendiary
Spies alluded to, that may suffice for your police
to detect them by. The one Calling himself Carpenter
[left margin, written vertically:]
was Closetted with Halleck 2 hours the day he left here
Checks: No money figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The counts given are internally consistent: three spies are said to have left, three descriptions are promised, and the memorandum at image 136 supplies exactly three descriptions.
Flagged: This letter settles the disputed month on the docket at image 136. That docket is dated "[month] 3 - 62" written across a handstamp; this leaf is dated "January 3d 1862," names three incendiaries, promises a separate description of them, and begins that description with "The one Calling himself Carpenter" — which is the exact first word of the memorandum at image 136. The two are the same communication, letter and enclosure, and the docket month must therefore be read January, not June. The reading under image 136 has been corrected accordingly. The name in "Conveyance to H[?] M Hawkes & Lowe" is uncertain: after "to" stands a tall barred capital whose form matches this hand's H, then an M, then "Hawkes & Lowe"; the alternative that the two letters are an abbreviated courtesy title was tested against this writer's own "Mess" in the salutation, which is written quite differently, and rejected. The initials are entered as read, with the first flagged. "Camanche," "discription," "Closetted" and the repeated "the the" are the writer's own and are left uncorrected. "Jesse Scouts" is written with a long-s ligature and is entered as it stands. The letter is unsigned on this leaf and names no place of writing; both are presumably on the missing continuation. The letter is addressed to the firm, not to an officer, and carries no voucher number, no sum and no docket, so it cannot be paired with any account; its pairing is with image 136, its own enclosure, and the two frames are consecutive.
Image 138 — The same sheet as image 136, filmed a quarter-turn round: descriptions of the three incendiaries, with the docket "To Quinby & Robinson / About the intention to burn their foundry," dated Jan 3 - 62; no figures
This is not a second document but the same leaf photographed again, turned through ninety degrees so that the memorandum reads upright and the docket now runs vertically up the left-hand side. Everything seen at image 136 is here in the new orientation: the thin, faintly blue-grey laid paper; the same rapid sloping hand with its little bar drawn over "the," "rather" and "another"; the same two heavy rules bracketing the docket; the same struck-out word in the last full line; the same oval "RECORD DIVISION, / REBEL ARCHIVES. / WAR DEPARTMENT." handstamp with its star, now lying on its side; and the same faint straight-line "GEN. POLK'S PAPERS" stamp, here running up the right-hand edge of the frame. The exposure is a little cleaner than image 136 and the fold line that cut the text there falls between lines here, so this frame is the better copy for reading. A wide blank band occupies the lower third of the frame — the blank panel of the folded sheet.
Carpenter about 5 feet 6 inches, about 25
years old. with full head of dark hair
large eyes, Carries his head rather down
looking up under his brow and a little
Stooped in his Shoulders, has a Swagging
walk, rather dark Complexion. Was one of
John Browns men at Harpers Ferry.
Another name not Known about 5 feet
5 inches -- large black eyes - black wavy
hair - very red Cheeks, and what would
be Called a very handsome little fellow
Another about 5 feet 11 inches - rather
light hair Cut Short. mustache, his
head being narrow, between the ears, and
long from front to ~~[word struck out]~~ back, about 25
years old -all of them active well formed
men
[docket, now running vertically up the left side:]
To Quinby & Robinson
--------------------------------
About the intention
to burn their foundry
--------------------------------
Jan - 3 - 62
[oval handstamp:] RECORD DIVISION, / * REBEL ARCHIVES. / WAR DEPARTMENT.
[faint straight-line handstamp up the right edge:] GEN. POLK'S PAPERS
Checks: No money figures — no arithmetic to prove. The physical particulars read the same as at image 136 in every respect: 5 feet 6 inches and about 25 years for the first man, 5 feet 5 inches for the second, 5 feet 11 inches and about 25 years for the third, three men in all. No divergence between the two exposures.
Flagged: Images 136 and 138 are one and the same sheet, filmed twice at right angles; they must not be counted as two documents. The proof is item by item: identical wording throughout, the same word struck out in the same place, the same two rules across the docket, the same oval stamp with its star in the same position relative to the docket, and the same faint Polk stamp. On this better exposure the month of the docket date resolves as "Jan," settling the doubt recorded under image 136 — the letter at image 137, dated January 3d 1862, confirms it, since this memorandum is the enclosure it promises and begins with the same word, Carpenter. The docket date should therefore be read Jan 3, 62. The struck-out word before "back" is cancelled by a firm horizontal stroke and remains unreadable even here; it may be a false start of the following word, but that is a guess and is not entered. No place is named on the sheet in either orientation. Being a docketed enclosure with no voucher number and no sum, it pairs with the letter at image 137 and with nothing else in this range.
Image 139 — Docketed last leaf of a letter: Quinby & Robinson, Memphis, Oct 21, 186[1], requesting an advance of $20.000 on contracts made with Gen Polk, offering to let $5.000 be retained each month until repaid
One leaf of a folded letter, photographed on the face that carries both the file docket and the closing lines of the letter itself, the two written head to foot so that one of them is always upside down. The docket occupies the upper half, written in a fine, sloping clerk's hand in black ink, ruled off underneath with a single long stroke and again beneath the firm's name at the top. The letter's last six lines and its signature run along the bottom edge inverted, in a different and larger hand — the same free merchant's hand that writes the firm's other letters. The paper is thin, unruled, cream wove, and hard used: two vertical and three horizontal fold creases divide the sheet into a grid of panels, the right-hand edge (as the letter reads) is torn away in a ragged bite that has carried off the ends of two lines, and a heavy black blot or burn-through of about an inch stands in the middle of the letter's second and third lines from the bottom, destroying two words. Smaller dark specks are scattered across the sheet, and the left edge is chipped. Struck squarely in the centre of the blank middle of the sheet is the oval custodial handstamp, here the best-inked impression in this whole range: "RECORD DIVISION," above, "REBEL ARCHIVES." on the inner ring, "WAR DEPARTMENT." below, with a five-pointed star at the top and another at the bottom between the rings. Lower down, running the other way up relative to the letter, is the faint straight-line "GEN. POLK'S PAPERS" stamp.
[docket, upper half]
Memphis Oct 21. 186[1]
----------------------------------
Quinby & Robinson
----------------------------------
Requesting an
advance of $20.000
on Contracts made
with Gen Polk
to enable them to
proceed with their
work
----------------------------------
[oval handstamp:]
RECORD DIVISION, / * REBEL ARCHIVES. * / WAR DEPARTMENT.
[faint straight-line handstamp:] GEN. POLK'S PAPERS
[closing lines of the letter, along the foot, inverted]
retain all [b]ut $5.000 - Each month untill the
advance [a]sked for is paid back.
By g[ivin]g this matter your Speedy and favor[able]
attention you will Confer a favor and
Expedite the Speedy Commencement of our
work. for the Government
Yours Respectfully
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Two money figures appear, and they are consistent with one another and with the docket's summary of the request. The letter offers that the Government "retain all but $5.000 - Each month untill the advance asked for is paid back"; the docket states the advance requested as $20.000. Both are round sums; neither is an extension of a quantity by a rate, and there is no footing on the sheet, so there is no multiplication or addition to prove — only the agreement of docket and letter, which holds. On the file's known trap, the first digit of $5.000 was tested and is a five, not an eight: it is written with a flat top bar, a downstroke, and a bowl open at the upper left, and it carries no upper loop; the eights elsewhere in this hand close at the top. The same test applied to $20.000 gives a plain 2 and 0. Both sums are therefore recorded as written.
Flagged: The final digit of the year is written into the ragged top edge of the sheet with its strokes run together, and cannot be read with certainty on its own; 186[1] is offered on the strength of the rest of the file — Polk was in command in the West in the autumn of 1861, the firm's copper receipt at image 130 is of 31[?] October 1861, and no later year is possible for a Memphis letter to Polk. The bracket marks it as supplied, not read. The blot in the letter's third line from the bottom has destroyed the middle of a word after "By"; enough survives on either side (an opening g-form and a closing g) that "giving" is the natural completion, and it is bracketed accordingly rather than read. The blot in the two lines above has taken the "b" of "but" and the "a" of "asked"; both are supplied in brackets on the surviving letters. The tear at the right edge has carried off the end of "favor[able]" and possibly a word or two more on that line. "untill" is the writer's spelling and is left as written. The docket is in a clerk's hand, not the firm's, and is the file's own summary of the letter it wraps; the two agree in place (Memphis), in date, in the firm named, and in the sum — the only pairing in this range in which a docket and its own document can be tested against a figure, and it matches exactly. The letter's earlier leaves, which would carry the date line and the address, are not in this range; only its last leaf survives here. The name "Gen Polk" in the docket, and the "GEN. POLK'S PAPERS" handstamp, place this sheet with the same body of papers as images 131, 132, 136, 137 and 138.
Image 140 — Letter (first leaf), Quinby & Robinson to Maj. Genl. Leonidas Polk, Memphis, Tenn., 21 October 1861: fire loss of 30 Sept., rebuilding, request for a $20,000–$25,000 advance on the shot, shell and cannon contract
A tall single leaf of laid white writing paper, portrait format, printed at the head with the firm's engraved "Western Foundry" billhead — the partners' names ranged across the top, the firm name in a shaded open face, and a wavy rule beneath. The letter is written in a fluent, right-sloping business hand in iron-gall ink now browned to a mid-grey in the scan, about twenty-two lines running edge to edge with almost no left margin; the writing crowds the right edge, so terminal letters on several lines run into the trimmed edge. A large irregular black area sits at the upper right of the sheet — an area of loss or a heavy shadow at the film edge, blotting part of the space between "Western Foundry." and the Claghorn imprint. The left edge is ragged with small losses along the top-left corner (part of the "W" of WILLIAM is nicked). A vertical fold runs down the centre and a horizontal fold crosses about two-thirds down; a faint diagonal crease crosses the lower third. The printed line "Mem___ Tenn." under Quinby's name is weakly inked and the middle of the word has dropped out. No handstamp, docket, or endorsement is visible on this face. The text breaks off mid-sentence at the foot — this is the first leaf of a longer letter.
WILLIAM T. QUINBY, WILLIAM A. ROBINSON, JOSEPH S. CLAGHORN,
Mem[phis]. Tenn. Memphis, Tenn. Savannah.
Western Foundry.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
QUINBY & ROBINSON,
Successors to Curtis & Knapp and A. G. Knapp & Co.
Memphis, Tenn., October 21st 1861.
Maj: Genl. Leonidas Polk
Columbus Ky
Sir
Without recapitulating
the Causes of our loss we will merely say that
by the fire of Sept 30th we lost our machine Shop
together with all of our machinery. We had just
made a very heavy Contract with you for
Shot, Shell, and Cannon and had just got
Everything arranged for its Speedy Completion
when this fire destroyed all. We immediately
Commenced rebuilding and I have just returned
from Savannah and Charleston where I have
Procure the necessary Machinery though at
an Enormous Expense to replace that we have
lost. The cost of putting things in opperation
again exceeds our availiable means and we
wish to get an advance of $20.000 - or $25.000 -
on our contract. to be repaid in work or
failing that to return the money by giveing you
bond and Security Satisfactory to your Ordnce[?]
Officer here - We can turn out from 15 to
$25.000 - worth of work per month after we
once get Started again and Capt Hunt can
Checks: No account, no columns, no extensions — no figures on the sheet beyond the three sums named in the prose ($20.000, $25.000, and "from 15 to $25.000 - worth of work per month"), which are statements, not a computation. No arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) "Ordnce[?]" — the word at the right edge of the line "Satisfactory to your ___" is written with a raised, underlined terminal contraction; the "Ord" is certain, the contraction is crowded into the trimmed edge. Proposed reading: "Ordnce" for Ordnance, i.e. "your Ordnance Officer here", which the next line completes. Recorded as written, not expanded. (2) "Procure the necessary Machinery" — no final "d" is written; the clerk's sense is "procured". Left as written. (3) "availiable", "opperation", "giveing", "Ordnce" are the writer's spellings, not errors of transcription. (4) The printed sub-line under WILLIAM T. QUINBY reads only "Mem___ Tenn." because the type is under-inked and the middle has dropped out; supplied as "Mem[phis]." from the parallel line under Robinson's name. (5) The black mass upper right is loss or film shadow; nothing legible is lost from the manuscript text, only blank paper and possibly a rule of the engraved head. (6) The letter is unfinished on this face and carries no signature here — the continuation and signature should be sought on the following image. (7) "Capt Hunt" is almost certainly W. R. Hunt, the Ordnance Officer C.S.A. at Memphis named elsewhere in this file; proposed, not written out on the sheet. (8) Leonidas Polk at Columbus, Ky., fixes the addressee's post; the fire is dated by the writer to 30 September 1861.
Image 141 — Letter (second leaf / verso), close and signature of Quinby & Robinson, Memphis, 21 October 1861, with the integral file docket and two archival handstamps
The verso of the sheet begun on image 140, or its conjugate leaf: seven lines of the same hand across the top, closing "Yours Respectfully / Quinby & Robinson" with a firm horizontal flourish beneath the signature, and the remaining two-thirds of the sheet blank except for stamps and the endorsement. A large irregular black loss — the same one seen from the recto — punches through the upper left, destroying a word in each of the first three lines. The upper right corner is torn away on a ragged diagonal, taking the tail of the third line. Two strong horizontal folds and one vertical fold divide the sheet into the usual six panels of a letter folded for filing; the endorsement occupies the panel at the foot and is written at 180 degrees to the letter, so that it read right way up when the folded packet was turned over. Two archival handstamps: a faint linear stamp reading GEN. POLK'S PAPER[S], struck upside down across the middle of the sheet just above the signature line, and a large double-oval Record Division stamp struck sideways in the centre, its lettering running bottom-to-top. Small brown foxing stains sit right of centre. Ink is the same iron-gall throughout, the endorsement in a darker, finer pen.
retain all [b]ut $5.000 - Each month untill the
advance [blot] [a]sked for is paid back.
By [blot]g this matter your Speedy and favo[r...]
attention you will Confer a favor and
expedite the Speedy - Commencement of our
work. for the Government
Yours Respectfully
Quinby & Robinson
————————————————
[handstamp, inverted, across the sheet:] GEN. POLK'S PAPER[S]
[handstamp, oval, struck sideways in the centre of the sheet:]
★ RECORD DIVISION, WAR DEP'T ★
REBEL ARCHIVES.
[endorsement at the foot, written at 180° to the letter:]
Memphis Oct 21. 186[1]
Quinby & Robinson
————————————————
Requesting an
advance of $20.000
on Contracts made
with Gen Polk
to enable them to
proceed with their
work
————————
Checks: Two sums are written, "$5.000 - Each month" retained in the letter and "$20.000" in the endorsement. There is no account, no column and no extension, so there is nothing to prove arithmetically. The two figures are internally consistent with the recto: the firm asks $20,000 to $25,000 advance, offers to turn out $15,000 to $25,000 of work a month, and here proposes that the government retain all but $5,000 of each month's earnings against the advance.
Flagged: (1) The black area in the upper left is a hole or loss, not ink — it destroys one word in each of the first three lines. Line 1 reads "retain all _ut $5.000", the "ut" surviving to the right of the loss, so "but" is near certain but the "b" is gone. Line 2 reads "advance _ _ sked for", i.e. "asked" with its initial letter lost. Line 3 reads "By _ _ g this matter", the terminal "g" surviving; "giving" is the obvious supply but the letters are gone. Recorded as gaps, not silently filled. (2) The tail of line 3 is torn away at the upper right corner after "and favo—"; the word is certainly "favorable" from sense but the paper carrying it is missing. (3) The linear handstamp GEN. POLK'S PAPER[S] loses its last one or two letters where the strike ran off faint; the reading of the surviving letters is firm. (4) The docket year is crowded into the edge and shows "186" plus one closing stroke; read as 1861 on the authority of the letter it endorses, and marked as supplied. (5) DOCKET PAIRING: this docket DOES match its neighbour. It is on the same sheet as the letter it describes — physically integral, not a stray — and its date (Memphis, Oct 21), its firm name (Quinby & Robinson), and its subject (an advance on contracts made with Gen. Polk) all agree with the letter of image 140 and its continuation above. This is the exception rather than the rule in this file, and it is stated positively here. (6) "untill" and the underlining of "Commencement" are the writer's own.
Image 142 — Endorsement panel only, Memphis, 14 December [1861]: Quinby & Robinson ask for two railroad cars to haul pig iron to Memphis; no year, no figures
A landscape image of a folded letter seen from the back, so that the sheet reads as three vertical panels divided by two sharp vertical folds, crossed by two horizontal folds. The endorsement is written in the centre panel in a fine, sloping clerk's hand with a hard pen, seven short lines with ruled underscores beneath the date line, beneath the firm's name, and beneath the last line. The left panel and right panel are blank apart from show-through of the writing on the other face — faint, mirror-reversed loops are visible through the paper but nothing on that side is legible from this image. A long, narrow black wound runs down the left-hand fold, roughly a third of the sheet's height, where the paper has split and been lost along the crease; it takes no text. The bottom edge is trimmed or torn away on a shallow diagonal, cutting through the lowest handstamp. Three archival marks: the large double-oval Record Division stamp struck at a slant in the lower centre panel, a bold sans-serif POLK PAPERS stamp beneath it, and below that a fainter GEN. POLK'S ... stamp running off the trimmed lower edge. The paper is clean cream stock with a scatter of small dark specks in the lower left. No amounts anywhere on the sheet.
Memphis Dec 14
———————————————
Quinby & Robinson
———————————————
Wishes to have two
Cars placed at his
Disposal for the
purpose of transporting
Pig Iron to Memphis
——————————
[handstamp, oval, struck at a slant:]
★ RECORD DIVISION, WAR DEPARTMENT. ★
REBEL ARCHIVES.
[handstamp:] POLK PAPERS
[handstamp, running off the trimmed lower edge:] GEN. POLK'S [ ... ]
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (1) No year is written in the date line: it reads "Memphis Dec 14" and stops. It cannot be dated from this image alone. The neighbouring material in this range is of October 1861, and Quinby & Robinson were rebuilding after the 30 September 1861 fire and drawing pig iron in quantity, so December 1861 is the natural proposal — but that is a proposal from context, not something the sheet says, and 14 December 1862 cannot be excluded from this face. (2) "Wishes to have two Cars placed at his Disposal" — the clerk writes the singular "his" of a firm treated as one party; recorded as written, not corrected to "their". (3) The lowest handstamp is cut by the trimmed edge after "GEN. POLK'S"; the remainder (almost certainly PAPERS, matching the strike on image 141) is not on the sheet and is not supplied. (4) DOCKET PAIRING: this is a docket with NO account or letter beside it in this range. It does NOT answer image 141, which is dated 21 October and concerns a cash advance, nor image 143 following. Its subject — two railroad cars for pig iron — appears nowhere else in images 140–148. The letter it endorsed is not filmed adjacent to it. (5) The oval handstamp here reads WAR DEPARTMENT. in full; the same stamp appears on image 141, where the strike is fainter and its lower arc partly illegible. Both are the same device. (6) The split along the left fold is loss, not ink; nothing written is destroyed by it, since the endorsement lies clear of the crease.
Image 143 — Letter, Office Western Foundry, Memphis, Tenn., [Dec.] 1861, Quinby & Robinson to Maj. Genl. L. Polk, Comdg., Columbus Ky.: nearly out of iron, asking an order for not exceeding two cars at a time on the Memphis, Clarksville & Louisville and the Memphis & Ohio railroads
A large, thin, unruled sheet in portrait format, written on the upper half only in a rapid, well-formed business hand — the same hand as the letters at images 140–141 — in dark iron-gall ink, with a wide left indent for the salutation and no left margin for the body. The sheet has suffered badly. A long ragged tear runs down the right side on a diagonal from just below the date to the foot, taking away the end of every line of the letter; the loss widens as it descends, so that the closing and signature lose more than the opening lines do. A second tear, a narrow black slot about half the width of the sheet, runs horizontally along the fold immediately below the salutation and destroys the middle of the first line of the body. Two horizontal folds cross the sheet, the lower one running through the blank lower half; the paper along both is weak and slightly cockled. There is no printed billhead — the heading "Office Western Foundry / Memphis Tenn." is written by hand. A handstamp reading PAPERS. stands vertically at the extreme upper right, the tail of a GEN. POLK'S PAPERS strike whose first words fell on the part of the sheet now torn away. The lower half of the sheet is blank.
Office Western Foundry
Memphis Tenn D[?ec ...torn]
Maj Genl. L. Polk
Comdg. Columbus Ky
Sir -
We are nearly out of I[ron torn]
and must [ ...torn along the fold... ]op our work on Sho[t torn]
Cannon &c for Goverment. We Can purchase Some o[n torn]
Cumberland and Tenn. Rivers but The Rail Road Com[panies torn]
Say They have no Cars to Spare unless ordered t[o torn]
from head Quarters. Will you please give us an ord[er torn]
for not Exceeding two Cars at a time, to [torn]
our iron from such Stations to Memphis, a[nd torn]
get our iron as, on the Memphis. Clarksvill[e & torn]
Louisville R R and the Memphis and Ohio Road [torn]
will pledge our honor not to abuse the pri[vilege torn]
Oblg'e[?]
Yours Res[pt torn]
Quinby & R[obinson torn]
[handstamp, vertical at the extreme right edge:] PAPERS.
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove. The only quantity written is "two Cars at a time", which is not a computation.
Flagged: (1) The date is torn off. The heading survives only as "Memphis Tenn" followed by a single capital that reads as D, then loss; "Dec" is the likely word but the month and day are gone, and the year is gone entirely. (2) The horizontal tear below the salutation removes the words between "and must" and "op our work". The evident reading is "and must stop our work", but the gap is wide enough to have carried more than the two missing letters of "stop", so no supply is made. (3) Every line loses its ending to the diagonal tear at the right. Where a reading is obvious from what follows it is shown in brackets and marked torn; nothing is supplied where the sense is not forced. (4) "Oblg'e[?]" — the abbreviated word above the closing is written with a raised comma and a terminal that could be e or s; "Oblige" is the sense. (5) "Goverment", "Clarksvill[e]", "Rail Road", "head Quarters" are the writer's forms. (6) The handstamp is reduced to the word PAPERS. standing vertically at the edge; the rest of the strike is on the missing paper. (7) DOCKET PAIRING: this letter DOES answer the docket at image 142. The docket there — "Quinby & Robinson / Wishes to have two Cars placed at his Disposal for the purpose of transporting Pig Iron to Memphis" — states precisely and only what this letter asks. The docket therefore supplies the date this letter has lost: Memphis, Dec 14. Note that the docket stands BEFORE its letter in the filming order, image 142 preceding image 143, and that the docket at image 141 belongs to a different letter altogether; the correction to the pairing note under image 142 is recorded at the end of this file. (8) The letter is addressed to Polk at Columbus, Ky., which he held from September 1861 until the evacuation of early March 1862 — consistent with a December 1861 date but not proof of the year, which the sheet does not carry.
Image 144 — Printed voucher docket, Ordnance Department, Memphis (date blank), Quinby & Robinson, $13,262 59/100, approved by W. R. Hunt; with a pencil summation footing to $32,222.38
A printed voucher wrapper, photographed opened out so that the image is a landscape spread: a wide blank leaf on the left, the printed and written docket panel in the right third, and a narrow strip of a second blank leaf at the far right carrying pencil figures. The printed matter is small and sharp — a script line "No. Voucher, ____", a bold sans-serif "Ordnance Department.", a script "Memphis, ------------ 186" with a dotted rule for the date, and below it a dotted rule preceded by a script dollar sign for the amount, closed by a heavy horizontal rule. The date blanks are left EMPTY: no month, no day, no year digit was ever added. Everything below the rule is written — the firm's name and the approval in ink, and a working column of figures in soft pencil, now grey and in places barely holding. Several pencil lines carry a tick at the right margin and one carries a plus. A long pencil brace sweeps up the left of the lower figures. The paper is clean, with three horizontal folds and a vertical fold at the gutter; the far-right leaf is scuffed and carries a faint illegible pencil scrawl low down as well as the sums. There is no handstamp on this face.
No. Voucher, ————————
$[?]241½
Ordnance Department.
Memphis, ----------------- 186[blank]
$ 13262 [superscript] 59
————————————————————————————————————————
Quinby & Robinson
Amts previously [illegible: Alld / passed] ✓
in the bills 265
[illeg] 7445 20 +
31.98088 2665 99 ✓
97 ✓
25 ✓
✓ 5791.98 90[?]
13262 59 ✓
2519.63 ✓
————————————
$ 32.222.38
Approved for Thirteen
thousand two hundred &
Sixty two 59/100 dolls
[illegible, one short line]
W R Hunt.
Majr Comdg [heavy ink flourish] [illegible] Arsenal
[in pencil on the leaf at the right:]
32.222.38
31.980.88
————————
241.50 [enclosed in a large pencil loop]
Checks: Two computations are on the sheet and they behave differently.
- The pencil subtraction on the right-hand leaf PROVES exactly: 32,222.38 − 31,980.88 = 241.50, as written. This also settles the open-topped eights: the "38" of the minuend and the "88" of the subtrahend must be eights, because .38 − .88 requires the borrow that produces the .50 the clerk wrote; read as 35 and 85 the result would be .50 as well, but the dollars would not come to 241, and read with fives elsewhere the loop fails. The written 241.50 is the arbiter.
- The pencil column above does NOT foot as read. Taking the figures as transcribed — 265.00 + 7,445.20 + 2,665.99 + 97.00 + 25.00 + 5,791.98 + 13,262.59 + 2,519.63 — the column totals $32,072.39 against the written total of $32,222.38, short by $149.99. The clerk's total is left exactly as he wrote it and is not corrected. The shortfall is very close to a round $150, which points at a misreading on my side rather than a slip on his: the two bare two-figure items, read here as 97 and 25, are the least secure things in the column, and either of them carrying a hundreds digit that the pencil has lost would close most of the gap. It is also possible that a faint line has dropped out of the column altogether. The total is stated; the footing is not claimed.
- The docket's own amount proves against the approval written out in words: $13262 59/100 in figures, "Thirteen thousand two hundred & Sixty two 59/100 dolls" in words. The same figure, 13,262.59, appears as one line of the pencil column. The half-cent truncation habit does not arise on this sheet — no rate is extended here.
Flagged: (1) The figure written under the printed "No. Voucher," line is ambiguous in its first character: it is either a cursive dollar sign or a figure 8, giving "$241½" or "8241½". I read it as 241½ preceded by a dollar sign, on the strength of the pencil subtraction on the same sheet, which produces exactly 241.50 — but the alternative, a supplemental voucher numbered 241½, is a real possibility and is left visible in the transcription. Per the standing rule, this is recorded as seen and not treated as identifying the account. (2) The printed "Memphis, ---- 186" is a blank form line and carries no form number; the date was never filled in, so this docket cannot be dated from its own face. (3) The amount in figures was first read as 13,212.59; the fourth digit is a six, not a one, and the approval written out in words settles it as 13,262.59. Recorded here because the misreading is the kind this hand invites. (4) The line under the approval and above the signature is one short illegible phrase, and the office line beneath the signature is crossed by a heavy ink flourish so that only "Majr Comdg" at its head and "Arsenal" at its end can be read; the word or words between are not legible and are not supplied. W. R. Hunt is the same officer who appears elsewhere in this file as Ordnance Officer C.S.A. at Memphis. (5) The small word standing before "7445 20" in the pencil column is illegible at the resolution of this scan; it may be a month. (6) The "90" standing to the right of 5791.98 is not part of that figure and is not accounted for; it may be a further note or a mark. (7) The left-hand leaf and most of the right-hand leaf are blank; the faint pencil scrawl low on the right leaf is illegible. (8) DOCKET PAIRING: this docket has NO account beside it. It does not answer image 143, a letter about railroad cars with no money in it, nor image 145 following. The account for $13,262.59 that it wraps is not filmed adjacent to it.
Image 145 — Account, Ordnance Department—Memphis, Confederate States of America, To Quinby & Robinson, Dr., 19 Nov. 1861 to 10 Jan. 1862: nineteen bronze guns and howitzers cast, $13,262.59; receipted 21[?] Feb. 1862 of W. R. Hunt
The standard Memphis ordnance billhead: a tall folio of laid paper, printed at the head "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS." in roman capitals, a small printer's ornament beneath, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:" in a shaded open-face display type, with "To ______ Dr." written across the ruled line below. The sheet is ruled in blue for a date column (month and day), a wide particulars column, and three money columns to the right — rate, extension, and a narrow column at the far edge in which a checking clerk has set a tick against every extended item. The entries are in a clear, fast, slightly forward-leaning commercial hand in black ink; the rates are written small and raised above the line, cents as superscripts. Beneath the entries the ledger ruling continues empty for a third of the sheet. At the foot are two printed forms: a certification, "I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ................ and that the property has been received and accounted for." — which is LEFT ENTIRELY BLANK, no sum and no signature — and below it the receipt, which IS executed. Faint pencil figures stand at the right of the certification block. The sheet has a long horizontal fold across the middle, a shorter fold near the foot, and a bite of loss at the right edge about two-thirds down, level with the 1862 entry; the loss takes no writing. A small dark stain sits at the left, below the printed word "and" of the second certification line.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT--MEMPHIS.
~~~~~~~
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA:
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
Novr 19 | 7, 6 pdr Bronze Guns 685 10 | 4795 70 | ✓
Decr 6 | 2 " 12 pdr " Howitzer, 610 70 | 1221 40 |
" 7 | 2 " 6 " Rifle " Guns, Recd | |
" " | By Me from G. W. Grader[?] 687 43 | 1374 86 | ✓
" " | and Cast, By Quinby & Robinson | |
" 13 | 1, 12 pdr Howitzer Recd from 610 70 | 610 70 | ✓
" " | A B Reading & Bro of Vicksburg | |
" " | & Cast by Quinby & Robinson | |
" " | 1, 6 pdr Bronze Gun from 685 10 | 685 10 | ✓
" " | A B Reading & Bro & Cast | |
" " | by Quinby & Robinson | |
" 18 | 3, 12 pdr Bronze Howitzers, 610 70 | 1832 10 | ✓
" " | Recd from A B Reading & Bro | |
" " | & Cast by Q & R | |
" 18 | 3. 6 pdr Bronze Guns Recd 685 10 | 2055 30 | ✓
" " | from A M Paxton & Co of | |
" " | Vicksburg. & Cast by Q & R | |
1862 | | |
Jany 10 | 1. 6 pdr Bronze Gun 687 43 | 687 43 | ✓
——————————
$13262 59
I certify that the above is correct
J. E. Logwood M.S.K.
p[er] [illegible]
[in faint pencil at the right, beside and below the ink total:]
13262 59
1500 00
————————
11 76[2?] 59
[printed, left blank:]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to .....................
and that the property has been received and accounted for.
[printed receipt, executed:]
RECEIVED, Memphis, Feby 21[?] 1862, of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Thirteen thousand two hundred & Sixty two 59/100
Dollars, in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: This sheet proves throughout — it is the cleanest account in the range. Every extension proves against its rate: 7 × 685.10 = 4,795.70; 2 × 610.70 = 1,221.40; 2 × 687.43 = 1,374.86; 1 × 610.70 = 610.70; 1 × 685.10 = 685.10; 3 × 610.70 = 1,832.10; 3 × 685.10 = 2,055.30; 1 × 687.43 = 687.43. The column foots exactly: 4,795.70 + 1,221.40 + 1,374.86 + 610.70 + 685.10 + 1,832.10 + 2,055.30 + 687.43 = $13,262.59, the total as written. The receipt in words proves against the total in figures: "Thirteen thousand two hundred & Sixty two 59/100" = 13,262.59. The faint pencil subtraction at the right proves on the same reading: 13,262.59 − 1,500.00 = 11,762.59, which is what the pencil appears to say, its middle digits being too faint to read with certainty on their own. No half-cents arise: every rate carries exact cents and every quantity is a whole number, so the truncation habit does not show itself on this sheet.
Flagged: (1) The name of the party from whom the two 6-pdr rifle guns were received on 7 December is not certain. It reads "G. W. Grader", but the letters between the initial G and the terminal -er could carry a d, a cl or an s: "Gracler" and "Grasler" are both possible from the strokes. Not resolved. (2) "By Me from G. W. Grader" — the word is "Me", clearly two minims and an e, which is odd in an account rendered by the firm; it is the language of the officer receiving, not of the seller. Left as written. (3) The day of the receipt is written over the printed dots and reads as 21, but a reading of 24 or 2d cannot be excluded from the strokes. The year is certain — the printed "186" is completed with a 2 — and the month is Feby. (4) The clerk's certification signature is "J. E. Logwood M.S.K." — Military Store Keeper — followed by a second line beginning "p[er]" and an illegible signature; someone signed for him. This is the John E. Logwood, Military Store Keeper, known from other ranges of this file. (5) The printed certification block above the receipt was never filled in: no amount, no signature. The receipt alone is executed. This matches the pattern noted for other sheets in this file. (6) The month abbreviations are written with a raised terminal that reads as t or r; taken as Novr and Decr. (7) A. B. Reading & Bro. and A. M. Paxton & Co., both of Vicksburg, are named as the parties from whom the bronze pieces came for casting; the guns were cast by Quinby & Robinson. The entries describe casting work on metal supplied, not sales of finished guns from the firm's own stock. (8) DOCKET PAIRING: the docket at image 144 DOES belong with this account. Its amount, $13,262 59/100, its approval in words, "Thirteen thousand two hundred & Sixty two 59/100 dolls", and its approving officer, W. R. Hunt, all agree exactly with this sheet's total, its receipt in words and the officer named in the receipt. Docket and account are adjacent in the filming, image 144 standing immediately before image 145. The correction to the pairing note under image 144 is recorded at the end of this file. (9) The pencil line "1500 00" is not explained anywhere on the sheet; it is a deduction or an advance set against the account by whoever was checking it.
Image 146 — Printed voucher wrapper, Ordnance Department, Memphis (date blank), "No 3[?]" and "No 1", $6017 18, with a pencil column footing to 41.25
Another voucher wrapper of the same printed stock as image 144, again photographed opened out as a landscape spread: a broad blank leaf ruled faintly in blue on the left, the printed panel in the right third, and the fold of a further leaf at the right edge. The printing is the same setting — a manuscript-style "No. Voucher ........" line, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in heavy sans-serif capitals, a script "Memphis, ------------ 186" and a script dollar sign before a dotted rule, closed by a stout horizontal rule. Above the printed panel, on the fold, is written "No 3[?]" over a heavy printed bar. Below the rule is a pencil computation of six items in two columns, ruled off and totalled, with a second faint pencil figure to the right of the total and a further figure written under a long ruled line beneath. Lower on the same panel, in a large ink hand, "No 1". The paper is clean and lightly foxed. Two double-oval Record Division handstamps show on this face, but BOTH read in mirror image — they were struck on the other side of the leaf and are seen here as show-through: one at the left of the blank leaf, one at the lower centre. A small rectangular film registration mark or blemish sits over the fifth line of the pencil column and destroys a figure. There is no name of a payee anywhere on this face.
No 3[?]
————————————————————————————————
No. Voucher ...........
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, ------------------- 186[blank]
$ 6017 18
————————————————————————————————
[pencil:]
[illegible] 30 | 425
102 ,, | 2670
2 ,, | 150
25[?] ,, | 700
7 ,, | [film blemish over the figure] 7[?]
2 | 30
————————
4125 [illegible pencil figure]
————————————————————
5975 92
No 1
[handstamp, showing through from the reverse, mirror-reading, at the left:]
★ RECORD DIVISION, WAR DEPARTMENT. ★
REBEL ARCHIVES.
[handstamp, showing through from the reverse, mirror-reading, lower centre:]
★ RECORD DIVISION, WAR DEPARTMENT. ★
REBEL ARCHIVES.
Checks: The pencil column is written without decimal points; read as dollars and cents it foots exactly. 4.25 + 26.70 + 1.50 + 7.00 + [obscured] + 0.30 against the written total of 41.25 leaves 1.50 for the obscured line — which is what the clerk's own total requires, though the paper no longer shows it, the film mark sitting squarely on the figure. On that reading the column proves. The relation between the pencil work and the $6017 18 at the head is close but does NOT close: 5,975.92 + 41.25 = 6,017.17, one cent short of the 6,017.18 written above. The gap is a single cent, and it is left standing. It is the size of gap these clerks produce when they truncate a half-cent rather than round it, and that is the likeliest explanation; but the last digit of the faint pencil 5975 92 could also be a 3, in which case the two agree exactly. Neither correction is made to the sheet. The left-hand column of the pencil work (quantities, apparently, each followed by a ditto) cannot be tested: no rate is written against any line, so none of the six extensions can be proved from the figures on this sheet.
Flagged: (1) The number written above the printed panel reads "No 3", but the digit is formed with a flat top stroke and could be a 5; recorded as 3 with the doubt shown. Per the standing rule it is recorded as seen and is not used to identify the account — note that a SECOND number, "No 1", is written lower on the same panel in a different and larger hand. One sheet, two numbers, neither of which can be trusted to name the voucher. (2) The printed date line was never filled in — no month, no day, no year. This wrapper cannot be dated from its own face. (3) The first line of the pencil column is a smudge on the left; the quantity is illegible. The fourth quantity reads 25 but could be 28. (4) The fifth line's money figure is obscured by a small rectangular film registration mark; only a following 7-like stroke survives, and the figure is not readable. (5) The figure standing to the right of the pencil total 4125 is too faint to read at the resolution of this scan. (6) The two oval handstamps on this face are mirror-reading show-through from the reverse; do not record them as strikes on this side. (7) There is no payee, no officer's name, no signature and no certification on this face. Nothing on this sheet says Quinby & Robinson; its attribution rests on its place in the file, not on its own text. (8) DOCKET PAIRING: this wrapper does NOT match its neighbours. Image 145 before it is an account for $13,262.59; image 147 after it is a different document. No account for $6,017.18 stands beside it in this range. The $6,017.18 at its head is not accounted for anywhere in images 140–148.
Image 147 — Account (continuation sheet), Ordnance Department—Memphis, To Quinby & Robinson, Dr., 19 December 1861: Archer shot, copper cups, gun brass, castings and drayage; gross $6017 18, less $25 20, net $5991 98; receipted 2d[?] Feb. 1862 of W. R. Hunt
The same printed Memphis billhead as image 145 — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." in roman capitals over an ornament, "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in shaded display capitals, "To ______ Dr." written across the line beneath — but the sheet is in poorer condition and the film is flatter, so the ink reads grey rather than black. Blue ruling gives a year and date column at the left, a wide particulars column, and three money columns. This is a CONTINUATION sheet: the first entry line is "Amounts Brot Forward" and carries no figure, the earlier leaves of the account being elsewhere. Nine written lines fill the top fifth of the sheet; the rest of the ruled space is empty. The paper is heavily marked with a scatter of small dark ring-shaped spots — several dozen of them across the blank middle of the sheet, looking like mould or offset from something once laid against it — heaviest in the lower left quadrant. Two vertical folds and one horizontal fold cross the sheet; the right edge is dark and slightly ragged in the film. The certification at the foot is again LEFT BLANK, and the receipt below it is executed. Under the sums, a short ruled line sets off the deduction and the net.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
~~~~~~~
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
Decr 19 | Amounts Brot Forward | |
" " | 18. 24 Archer Shot 1440 lb 5½ | 79 20 |
" " | Afixing 16 = Copper Cups 1415 lb 6 | 84 90 |
" " | p[?] Dray a[?] [illegible] | 1 75 |
" " | 228[?] lb [D?]ec[?] main Brass 50 | 152 40 |
" " | 1326 lb Castings 6 | 79 56 |
" " | 2 Drayage | 50 | 6017 18
| | |
| Less 3 - 24 pdr Archer Shot 240 . 5½ | 13 20 |
| " 3 Copper Cups. 20 . .60 12 | | 25 20
————————
5991 98
[printed, left blank:]
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ....................
[printed receipt, executed:]
Received, Memphis, Feby 2d[?] 186 2, of W R Hunt
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Fifty nine hundred & Ninety one 98/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
Quinby & Robinson
Checks: Most of this sheet proves. Extensions that PROVE: 1440 lb at 5½ cents = 79.20; 1415 lb at 6 cents = 84.90; 1326 lb of castings at 6 cents = 79.56; the deduction 240 lb at 5½ cents = 13.20; the deduction 20 at 60 cents = 12.00. The deduction block proves: 13.20 + 12.00 = 25.20 as written, and 6,017.18 − 25.20 = 5,991.98, the net as written. The receipt in words proves against the net in figures: "Fifty nine hundred & Ninety one 98/100" = 5,991.98. The gross of 6,017.18 CANNOT be proved on this sheet, because the "Amounts Brot Forward" line carries no figure. Taking the six items entered here — 79.20 + 84.90 + 1.75 + 152.40 + 79.56 + 0.50 = 398.31 — the amount brought forward from the missing earlier leaves must have been 5,618.87. That figure is nowhere on this sheet and is stated here only as what the clerk's own gross requires. Two lines cannot be tested. The dray line carries no legible rate at all, so its 1.75 cannot be checked. And the brass line does NOT prove as read: 228 lb at 50 gives 114.00, not the 152.40 written. One of the three figures on that line is being misread — 152.40 wants 304.8 lb at 50 cents, or 254 lb at 60 cents. The clerk's 152.40 is left exactly as written and is carried into the gross above. No half-cent truncation shows itself: the 5½-cent rate falls on quantities of 1440 and 240 lb, both even multiples of 20, so no fraction of a cent arises to be dropped.
Flagged: (1) The brass line is the weak point of the sheet. The quantity reads "228 lb" but its last digit is one of this clerk's open-topped forms and could be a 5; the description reads as "[D]ec[?] main Brass" and is not confidently deciphered — "Deck", "Deel" and "Rec'd" are all possible from the strokes, and "gun metal brass" is what the sense of the file would suggest but is not what the letters show. The rate reads 50. As transcribed the line does not extend correctly, and no reading offered here is firm enough to build on. (2) The dray line is largely illegible: "p[?] Dray a[?]" followed by a word of three or four letters. Seven drays at 25 cents would give the 1.75 written, and so would one dray with other charges, but the paper does not say so. (3) "Afixing" is the clerk's spelling. The item is affixing copper cups — sabots — to shot, charged by weight. (4) The day of the receipt reads as a figure 2 with a raised terminal, i.e. 2d, though 21 cannot be excluded; the same ambiguity attaches to the receipt on image 145 and the two sheets appear to have been receipted on the same day. The year is completed on the printed "186" with a 2: February 1862. (5) The printed certification is blank — no amount, no signature — the same pattern as image 145. Only the receipt is executed, and it is signed by the firm, not by an officer. W. R. Hunt, Ordnance Officer C.S.A., is the payer named in the printed receipt line. (6) The ring-shaped spotting across the blank lower half is damage, not writing; it costs no text, all the writing standing clear of it in the top fifth of the sheet. (7) "Archer Shot" — the name of the projectile, appearing both as a charge and in the deduction. (8) DOCKET PAIRING: the wrapper at image 146 DOES belong with this account, though I did not credit it there. The "$ 6017 18" written on that wrapper is exactly the gross struck on this sheet before the deductions. The two are adjacent in the filming, 146 standing immediately before 147. What does NOT tie is the pencil work on the wrapper — its 41.25 and 5,975.92 are neither this sheet's deduction of 25.20 nor its net of 5,991.98 — so the wrapper carries a separate and unexplained calculation of its own. The correction to the pairing note under image 146 is recorded at the end of this file.
Image 148 — Printed voucher wrapper, Ordnance Department, Memphis (date blank), "No. Voucher 57", $5991 98 — the wrapper of the account at image 147
The wrapper belonging to the preceding account, of the same printed stock as images 144 and 146 and photographed the same way: a wide blank leaf on the left, faintly blue-ruled, and the printed panel occupying the right third. The printing runs — a heavy rule, then a script "No. Voucher ..........", then "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold sans-serif capitals, then a script "Memphis, ------------- 186" with dotted rules for the date, then a script dollar sign and dotted rule for the amount, closed by a second heavy rule. Only two things are written on the whole sheet: the voucher number on its line, with a second figure written below it, and the amount. The date line was never filled in. The paper is clean and even, with light vertical ruling showing through and a faint horizontal fold. One archival mark: a large double-oval Record Division handstamp struck sideways on the blank left leaf, its lettering reading bottom-to-top, faint but legible on the outer arc and largely lost on the inner. A small crease and a nick sit at the upper right edge. There is no payee, no officer and no signature on this face.
————————————————————————————————
No. Voucher 57
[$ or 8]2 1/[4?]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis, ------------------ 186[blank]
$ 5991 [superscript] 98
————————————————————————————————
[handstamp, struck sideways on the left leaf, reading bottom-to-top:]
★ RECORD DIVISION, WAR DEPARTMENT. ★
REBEL ARCHIVES.
Checks: Only one figure of account is on the sheet, $5991 98, and it agrees exactly with the net of the account at image 147 and with that account's receipt written out in words, "Fifty nine hundred & Ninety one 98/100". There is no column and no extension on this face, so there is no arithmetic of its own to prove.
Flagged: (1) The voucher number is written as 57 on the printed line and is clear. Under it stands a second, smaller figure whose first character is the same ambiguous loop met on image 144 — a cursive dollar sign or a figure 8 — followed by 2, 1 and a fraction that reads as a quarter but could be a half. It is recorded as seen and no reading is settled. The two annotations on this sheet, "57" and this second figure, are of the same kind as the two on image 144 ("241½" or "$241½") and image 146 ("No 3" and "No 1"); per the standing rule, these numbers cannot be used to identify the account, and are recorded only as they stand. (2) The printed date line is blank — no month, day or year — so the wrapper carries no date of its own. It takes its date from the account it wraps: entries of 19 December 1861, receipted February 1862. (3) DOCKET PAIRING: this wrapper DOES match, and it matches BACKWARDS in the filming order. Its $5991 98 is precisely the net total struck at the foot of the account at image 147, which stands immediately BEFORE it. So the account at 147 has a wrapper on either side of it — image 146 carrying its gross of $6,017.18 and image 148 carrying its net of $5,991.98 — and neither wrapper is filmed after a blank or beside an unrelated sheet. This is the only such three-sheet group in the range. (4) Nothing on this face names Quinby & Robinson; the attribution rests on the account it wraps.
Corrections made in the course of the work
These corrections are set out here rather than silently folded back into the sections above, so that the order in which the readings were reached stays visible.
- Image 142, Flagged item (4) — docket pairing, WRONG as first written. I wrote that the "two Cars for Pig Iron" docket answered nothing in the range. It does. It is the docket of the letter at image 143, whose text asks Polk for an order for "not Exceeding two Cars at a time" to bring iron to Memphis. The docket stands one place BEFORE its letter in the filming. It also supplies the date the torn letter has lost: Memphis, Dec 14.
- Image 144, Flagged item (8) — docket pairing, WRONG as first written. I wrote that the $13,262.59 docket had no account beside it. It has. The account is at image 145, which stands immediately after it, and agrees in total, in the sum written out in words, and in the approving and paying officer, W. R. Hunt.
- Image 146, Flagged item (8) — docket pairing, WRONG as first written. I wrote that the $6,017.18 wrapper matched nothing. It matches the gross of the account at image 147, which stands immediately after it. Its pencil calculation, however, still ties to nothing on that account.
- Image 144, pencil column, one line misread. The line I transcribed as "5791.98" is almost certainly 5991.98 — the net of the account at image 147, receipted in the same February 1862 settlement. Read as 5,991.98 the column totals $32,272.39 against the written $32,222.38, so it still does not foot, and the total is still left as the clerk wrote it. The line is recorded above as I read it on the page; this is what the neighbouring sheets suggest it should be.
- Images 141 and 142, the oval handstamp. Read on image 141 as "WAR DEP'T" from a faint strike; the same device on images 142, 146 and 148 reads "WAR DEPARTMENT." in full. One device throughout.
- Images 145 and 147, the day of the receipt. Both receipts are dated February 1862 and both days are written as a figure 2 followed by a raised terminal. On image 147 it reads more naturally as "2d"; on image 145 I first read "21". They are the same formation and were probably written on the same day. Neither is settled.
Image 149 — Printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT—MEMPHIS" billhead, account of Quinby & Robinson, October 30 – November 18, 1861, for covering Archer and Read shot with copper, turning James and rifled shot, patterns, castings, drayage and boring out a cannon; carried forward $2,907.62
Tall folio billhead, roughly twice as high as wide, printed in three type sizes at the head: "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." in roman capitals over an ornamental rule, then "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA" in a heavy shaded display face, then the ruled money columns. The whole account is in one clerk's fine, sloping iron-gall hand, brown-black and evenly inked; the ruling is a pale printed blue-grey. The sheet is page 1 of a longer account — the last line is "Forward" and the certification and receipt block at the foot is left entirely blank except for a stray looping pen flourish after the printed word "Memphis." A faint pencil word (illegible) and a pencil "1" sit in the upper right corner above the printed heading. A second hand has worked down the left margin in pencil and ink, entering a check mark against nearly every line and short audit notes ("No Receipt," "Rec. Bill," "Receipt of Stewart"); two lines carry interlined pencil notes above the item ("6¢ pr Ball"). The scan is clean, with no tears or stains; the lower left corner of the image is dark where the sheet lifts off the copy board.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
√ October 30 √Covering 198 Archer Shot with Cop. 1782 [℔] @ 60c 1069 20
√ " 0 " 2 Read 32[?] Shell with Copper Cups " 7 50 15 00
√ 8th[?] Rec. Bill 6 √Parrot Shot 33 [℔] 5 1 65
√ " " √Covering 2 James 32" Shot with white metal 35 00
√ No. Receipt Altering Patterns 20 00
√ " " 19 Drayages 4 75
√ No Receipt Patterns for Colemans & Cowans Balls 25 00
3d[?] Rec. Bill. √54 9 Pdr James & Sol. Shot Turned 2 00 108 00
√ " √ 14 32" Rifled " " " 4 50 63 00
3d[?] Rec. Sheet √ 2 Parrot Shell fitted up 15 00 30 00
√ Receipt of Stewart 6 Cowans Balls } 354 [℔] 6 21 24
[interlined: 6¢ pr Ball]
√ No Receipt √Boring Out One old Cannon 60 00
√ No Receipt 1 Colemans ball } 63 [℔] 6 3 78
[interlined: 6¢ pr Ball]
" " √ 403[?] Drayages 1 00 [struck: 75] 75 00
√ " " √ 10¾ [℔] 1 Block Tin 15 45[?] [illegible] 14 30
√ " " √ 236 [℔] Lead 10 23 60
√ " " √ 82.24 [℔] 1 Brass Casting 75 61 68
√ " " √Patterns for Boring Mill & Rifling M. 143 50
√ " " √ 301 [℔] Shot Iron 10 30 10
√ Novbr 18 √Covering 200 Archer Shot Coppr 1800. 60 [diagonal pencil:
144 Rec[?]] 1080 00
√ " " √ 5. 32 Pdr Read Shell 415 5½ 22 82
Forward $ 2907 62
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..............
[blank]
Received, Memphis ................................ 186... of ..................
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. ......................................... 100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
[blank]
Checks: The twenty-one item lines add to exactly the $2,907.62 written as "Forward" — proved. Ten extensions prove independently against their rates: 1782 ℔ @ 60c = 1069.20; 2 @ 7.50 = 15.00; 33 @ 5c = 1.65; 54 @ 2.00 = 108.00; 14 @ 4.50 = 63.00; 2 @ 15.00 = 30.00; 354 @ 6c = 21.24; 63 @ 6c = 3.78; 236 @ 10c = 23.60; 82.24 @ 75c = 61.68; 301 @ 10c = 30.10; 1800 @ 60c = 1080.00; 19 drayages @ 25c = 4.75. The last line is the truncation trap: 415 ℔ @ 5½c = $22.825, entered as 22 82 — the half cent dropped, not rounded up. Recorded as written. Lines with no rate (covering 2 James shot 35.00; altering patterns 20.00; patterns for Colemans & Cowans balls 25.00; boring out one old cannon 60.00; patterns for boring mill & rifling machine 143.50) carry no rate and their extensions cannot be tested. The block-tin line's rate cell is illegible, so 14.30 cannot be tested on its own, though the page total proves it.
Flagged: (a) Two figures were settled by the account's own arithmetic against the open-topped-8 trap. The copper weight on line 1 reads 1782 or 1752; only 1782 @ 60c gives the written 1069.20, and 1782 ÷ 9 ℔ per shot = exactly the 198 shot named, so 1782 and 198 are both secure. The Colemans ball line reads 3.75 or 3.78; 63 ℔ @ 6c = 3.78, and only 3.78 lets the column add to the written total — so 3.78. (b) The drayage line at mid-page: the amount is 75 00, settled two ways — the second digit carries the clerk's distinctive 5 with its top flag, and the column will not add to 2907.62 at 70.00. But the quantity written against it reads "403" (the clerk's 4 is an H-like form, as in the "4 75" above), and 403 drayages at the stated 1 00 each would extend to $403.00, not $75.00. A struck "75" is written above the rate. Quantity and extension do not agree; recorded as seen. (c) "10¾ ℔ 1 Block Tin" is followed by a figure I read as "15 45" and then an illegible rate; $14.30 on 10¾ ℔ works out at $1.33 a pound, which is high for block tin in 1861 — the reading of the middle figures is not secure. (d) "2 Read 32[?] Shell" — the superscript after the numeral is unreadable; "32-inch" is impossible and "32 Pdr" is the likely intent, as spelled out in full on the last line. (e) The margin audit notes are a second, later hand and are heavily abbreviated; "8th Rec. Bill" and "3d Rec. Bill" / "3d Rec. Sheet" are read with low confidence — the numeral and the superscript are both faint. (f) "Receipt of Stewart" against the Cowans-balls line proposes Maj. Alex. P. Stewart, the artillery officer named elsewhere in this file, but the margin gives only the surname. (g) The pencil word in the upper right corner above the printed heading is illegible; the pencil "1" beside it is the sheet number of the account. (h) The certification and receipt at the foot are entirely unexecuted — no officer's name, no date, no sum in words. No docket on this image, so there is nothing to pair.
Image 150 — Docket (outside of a folded Ordnance Department voucher wrapper), Memphis, undated, endorsed "Logwood 841½ / No. Voucher Quinby & R[obinson]"; pencil error-notes and "No 2"
The outside of a folded wrapper, filmed landscape: a wide sheet of pale blue-grey faintly ruled paper, the fold lines running vertically down the image so that the endorsement panel occupies the right-hand third and the rest of the sheet is blank. The panel is printed: a rule, then "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold condensed capitals, then a printed dotted line reading "Memphis .......... 186..." and a "$ ..........." line, both left blank. Everything else on the sheet is manuscript — the top two lines in a hard, fine pencil that has bitten the paper, the entries in the middle of the panel in a soft dark pencil with a very free hand, all faint and rubbed. At the left of the sheet, well away from the writing, is an oval blind-embossed (uninked) stamp of the War Department Record Division; its impression stands out against the raking light of the copy stand. The paper is sound, no tears; the film has picked up the fabric weave of the backing board through the thin sheet, giving the blank field a mottled, cross-hatched look.
Logwood 841½
______________________________
No. Voucher Quinby & R[obinson]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis .................. 186...
$ ......................
______________________________
Quinby & Robinson
7[illegible] . 39[?]
Error 26[?]
" 10[?]
" 20[?]
______
56[?]
No 2
[at left of sheet, oval blind stamp:]
★ RECORD DIVISION · WAR DEPARTMENT ★
(inner ring:) REBEL ARCHIVES
Checks: The only computable group is the pencil error-note. Three figures are set down and ruled off — read as 26, 10 and 20 — and the sum below the rule is a heavily flourished figure I read as 56; 26 + 10 + 20 = 56, which is the only reason I read that flourish as a number at all. Every digit in that block is doubtful and the sum cannot be regarded as proved. The larger pencil figure above it, "7[illegible].39", is too rubbed to read and cannot be tested against anything. The printed "$" line is blank — the docket carries no stated voucher amount.
Flagged: (a) Docket pairing: this docket does not answer image 149. Image 149 is page 1 of an account that closes with "Forward $2,907.62" and no total; this wrapper carries no stated amount at all, its only legible figure ends in ".39", and it is endorsed "No 2". Nothing here proves a connection to the sheet filmed beside it beyond the firm's name — record them as separate documents. (b) "Logwood 841½" — read with reasonable confidence as the surname of John E. Logwood, Military Store Keeper at Memphis, named elsewhere in this file, with an interpolated voucher or abstract number after it. The first digit is the open-topped form and could be a 5, giving 541½; I read 8 because the top of the loop closes. Nothing on the sheet settles it. (c) The printed head is "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" with no "MEMPHIS" in the type — Memphis is on the printed dateline instead, left blank. (d) "No 2" at the foot is a sheet or bundle number in the same soft pencil as the error-note, not a voucher number; per the rule for this file, the docket numbers here cannot identify an account. (e) The date lines are blank throughout — this docket bears no date. (f) The Record Division / Rebel Archives stamp is an embossed post-war archival mark, not a wartime handstamp.
Image 151 — Printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT—MEMPHIS" billhead, account of Quinby & Robinson, October 30 – December 19, 1861, for castings of stands of grape, cast shot and setts of grape castings, with shot-iron rings and pins; Amount $5,959.17
The same tall printed billhead as image 149 — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS." over the ornamental rule, then the shaded display line "CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA," then the ruled money columns, four narrow rules at the right dividing dollars from cents twice over. The whole sheet is one clerk's hand throughout, a fine, fast, right-sloping script in brown ink that has faded to a light grey over much of the page, so that the figures on the middle lines are hard to hold; the last lines are stronger. Nearly every line carries a small check mark, some over the date, some in the body against the quantity, in the same ink. The sheet is clean; a narrow strip of shadow along the left edge and a dark band down the right are the edges of the copy board, and the paper appears to have been sponged or damp-pressed at the middle right, where the ink is palest. The certification and receipt block at the foot is entirely blank; the account closes with "Amount $" written on the total rule, with the sum entered in the far right column.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
October 30 √Castings 128 Stands 64° Grape 7952° 5 397 60
√ " " 1 " 66 " 32" " 2459° 5½ 135 25
√ " " 1 " 107 " 24° " 3103° 6 186 18
√ " " 1 " 62 " 12" " 880 6½ 57 46
√ " " Shot Iron Rings & Pins 9hd[?] 16 163 24 | 187[?] 24
√ " " Putting up 349 " Stands Grape 10 34 90
√ " " √ 7. 64° Balls 448°
√ " " √834 32° " 26.688°
√ " " √302 6° " 1812° 28948° 5 1447 40
Decb 5 √119 64° Shot 7616°
" " √ 94 32" " 3008° 10624° 5 531 20
" " √ 75 Sett Casting 32" Grape 2793 5½ 153 61
" " √ 60 Sett " " 64° " 4459 5 222 95
" " √ 72 Sett " " 24" " 2073° 6 124 38
" " Shot Iron Rings for Same 617, ℔ 16 98 72
" 19 √150. 64° Shot 9600°
" " √875 32° " 28000°
" " √ 26 24° " 624° 38224° 5 1911 20
" " √ 67 Sett Castings 64" Grape 4673° 5 233 65
" " √ 30 Sett " " 32" " 1117° 5½ 61 33
" " √116 Sett " " 24° " 3335 6 200 10 | 5,959 17
Amount $
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..........
[blank]
Received, Memphis .......................... 186... of ....................
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. ................................. 100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
[blank]
Checks: The account proves exactly. The sixteen money entries add to $5,959.17, the sum written in the far right column against "Amount $": 397.60 + 135.25 + 186.18 + 57.46 + 163.24 + 34.90 + 1447.40 + 531.20 + 153.61 + 222.95 + 124.38 + 98.72 + 1911.20 + 233.65 + 61.33 + 200.10 = 5,959.17. The internal weights prove as well, and they are what makes the page readable at all: the raised circle after a numeral is this clerk's pound mark, so "7. 64° Balls 448°" is 7 balls of 64 ℔ = 448 ℔ (proved), "834 32° 26.688°" is 834 × 32 = 26,688 ℔ (proved), "302 6° 1812°" is 302 × 6 = 1,812 ℔ (proved), and those three weights total 28,948 ℔, the figure carried into the rate column, at 5c = $1,447.40 (proved). The second group proves the same way: 119 × 64 = 7,616 and 94 × 32 = 3,008, together 10,624 ℔ @ 5c = $531.20 (proved). The third: 150 × 64 = 9,600, 875 × 32 = 28,000, 26 × 24 = 624, together 38,224 ℔ @ 5c = $1,911.20 (proved). Individual extensions that prove: 7952 @ 5c = 397.60; 3103 @ 6c = 186.18; 349 stands @ 10c = 34.90; 4459 @ 5c = 222.95; 2073 @ 6c = 124.38; 617 @ 16c = 98.72; 4673 @ 5c = 233.65; 3335 @ 6c = 200.10. Three extensions do not prove and are recorded exactly as the clerk left them: 2459 ℔ @ 5½c = $135.245, entered as 135 25 (rounded up, against this office's usual habit of dropping the half cent); 880 ℔ @ 6½c = $57.20, entered as 57 46; 1117 ℔ @ 5½c = $61.435, entered as 61 33. All three wrong figures are nevertheless the figures the column was added on — the total only comes to 5,959.17 with them in. The truncation habit does appear, correctly, on the 75-sett line: 2793 @ 5½c = $153.615, entered as 153 61, the half cent dropped. The "Shot Iron Rings & Pins" line carries a rate of 16 but no legible quantity, so its $163.24 cannot be tested on its own; the page total settles it.
Flagged: (a) The one figure I could not read directly, the "Shot Iron Rings & Pins" extension, was settled by the column: the page adds to the written total only at $163.24, and that is also what the ink shows once the columns are measured — "163" in the dollars column and "24" in the cents. Its quantity, written before the rate, is an unreadable token that looks like "9hd"; at 16c the implied weight would be 1020¼ ℔, which is not what is written. Flagged as unresolved. (b) On that same line a second figure, read as "187 24" but possibly "184 24", stands in the far right (total) column in the middle of the page. It is not part of the addition — the column proves without it — and I cannot account for it. Recorded where it stands. (c) The grand total's third digit is the open-topped form; I read $5,959.17 rather than 5,957.17 or 5,950.17 because that is the only value the column will produce. This is the 8-for-5 trap working in reverse and is the strongest single check on the page. (d) 26,688 ℔ on the 32° balls line reads at first glance as "26,658"; 834 × 32 = 26,688 settles it, and the group total confirms it. (e) "834" (the count of 32 ℔ balls) could be 854; only the product 26,688 fixes it at 834. (f) The dates are "October 30," "Decb 5" and "Decb 19," 1861. December is written "Decb". (g) The certification and receipt are unexecuted; no officer is named anywhere on the sheet, and there is no docket on this image to pair with.
Image 152 — Docket (outside of a folded Ordnance Department voucher wrapper), Memphis, undated, "No. Voucher 5 7 / 841½", Quinby & Robinson, $2,665.99; pencil working deducting $19.00 drayage; endorsed "No 3"
The outside of a folded wrapper of the same pattern as image 150 and filmed the same way, landscape, the endorsement panel in the right-hand third and the rest of the sheet empty. Faint blue laid lines run the height of the sheet and the vertical folds cross them. The printed panel gives a rule, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" in bold condensed capitals, the "Memphis .......... 186..." dateline and a "$ ......." line. Two hands are at work: a hard, fine pencil (the flourished initials at the top, the voucher numbers, the dollar amount on the printed line) and a much softer, blacker pencil below the second rule that writes the firm's name, a column of figures, and "No 3". The soft pencil is smudged and has offset slightly. At the left of the sheet is an oval handstamp of the War Department Record Division, this one inked rather than blind, printing grey and slightly doubled. The paper is intact; the film shows the weave of the backing through the sheet and a scatter of small dark specks across the blank field.
[illegible flourished initials]
______________________________
No. Voucher 5 7 ..........
/841 ½
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis .................. 186...
$ 2665 99 ...............
______________________________
Quinby & [W.?] Robinson
2685 40[?]
Drayage 1 00
4[?] 18 00
______ 19 00
________
2665 99
No 3
[at left of sheet, oval handstamp in grey ink:]
★ RECORD DIVISION · WAR DEPT ★
(inner ring:) REBEL ARCHIVES
Checks: The pencil working sets out a gross figure, two drayage items of $1.00 and $18.00 which are ruled off and carried out as $19.00, and a net below a second rule of $2,665.99. The $1.00 + $18.00 = $19.00 proves. The deduction does not prove on my reading of the gross: 2685.40 − 19.00 = 2666.40, not the 2665.99 written. The net $2,665.99 is certain — the digits are clear, and it is the same figure written in ink on the printed "$" line at the head of the docket, so the docket's stated amount is $2,665.99 and that figure is proved twice over.
Flagged: (a) The gross figure is the weak reading on this sheet. I read it "2685 40", but at $2,684.99 the subtraction would prove to the penny (2684.99 − 19.00 = 2665.99), and the two readings differ only in the last two digits, which are rubbed. I could not settle it from the image and have recorded what I see rather than what would balance; a reader working from a better exposure should look at those two digits first. (a-bis) Settled after the fact: the account on image 153 proves this docket. Its foot reads "Amount Forwd 2685 49 / Less Drayages 19 50 / 2665 99," and the drayage charges in that account are $1.50 and $18.00. So the doubtful figures above should be read $2,685.49, $1.50, $18.00 and $19.50. My readings of "2685 40," "1 00" and "19 00" are wrong; the account, not the pencil, is the authority. See image 153. (b) Docket pairing: this docket does not answer image 151. Image 151 is a completed account totalling $5,959.17; this wrapper is for $2,665.99. There is no arithmetic relation between them — neither the gross nor the net nor any part of the drayage deduction reconciles to $5,959.17 — so the docket and the account filmed beside it are separate documents. (c) The voucher line reads "No. Voucher 5 7" with "841½" written below and slightly to the left, running into the printed dotted line. The number 841½ also appears on image 150, there written after "Logwood"; the two dockets therefore share a number but carry different endorsements ("No 2" against "No 3") and, on image 152, a stated amount that image 150 lacks. Per the standing rule for this file, these numbers cannot be used to identify an account. (d) The initials at the head are an unreadable flourish. They occupy the slot where image 150 has "Logwood," which suggests the same officer's endorsement, but I will not read a name out of the scrawl. (e) The name line reads "Quinby &" then a capital that may be a "W" or a doubled letter before "Robinson" — possibly an initial for Robinson, possibly a flourish. Recorded with a query. (f) The small token before the "18 00" drayage entry may be a figure 4 or the letter "d"; it is not legible. (g) There is no date anywhere on this docket — both the printed dateline and the year are blank.
Image 153 — Printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT—MEMPHIS" billhead, receipted account of Quinby & Robinson, November 18, 1861 – January 11, 1862, for 64-, 32-, 24- and 12-pdr shell, shot, spherical case and 12-pdr grape castings; Amount forward $2,685.49, less drayages $19.50, receipted $2,665.99 from W. R. Hunt, Memphis, February 20, 1862
The same printed billhead again, and this one is the finished, executed document: the account is written out, totalled, the drayage deducted, and the receipt at the foot filled in and signed. One clerk's hand carries the body of the account in the same fine sloping script as images 149 and 151, with a check mark against most items. A second, larger and much bolder hand fills the receipt — "Feby 20," "W R Hunt," and the sum in words across the printed dotted lines — and the firm has signed "Quinby & Robinson" beneath in a broad flourishing hand with a long final stroke. A faint pencil figure has been set down in the money column beside the very first line. The sheet's condition is the one real problem: a horizontal break runs clean across the page about two-thirds down, at the seventeenth line, and the two edges of the sheet are notched inward there; on that one line only the tops of the letters and figures survive, and the rest is gone. The paper is otherwise sound, the ink brown and even.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861
Novbr 18 √182. 64° Shell 11648° [faint pencil: 2685 49[?]]
" " √140 32° " 4480
" " √244 24°√ " 5856. 21984° 5 1099 20
" " √179 Sett Casting 12 Pd Grape 2533 6½ 164 65
" " √Shot Iron Rings & Pins for Same 126° 16 20 16
" " √Putting up Same 179 Stands 10 17 90
" " 6 Drayages 1 50
" " √170 12 Pdr Shot 2040° 5 102 00
Decd 5 √104. 64° Shell 6656°
" √209 32° " 6688°
" 116 24°√ " 2784° 16.128° 5 806 40
19 √54 Stands 12 Pdr Grape 769° 6½ 49 98
" Shot Iron Rings & Pins 40° 16 6 40
" Putting up 54 Stands 10 5 40
" √28. 64" Shell 1792°
" √53 32" " 1696
" √[illegible] 24° " 3386 6874 5 343 70 [line broken away]
1862 " √72 Drayages 18 00
Jany 11 √30 24 Pdr Shell 720
" √1 32 " " 32
" √21 12 Spherical Case 252. 1004° 5 50 20
Amount Forwd 2685 49
Less Drayages 19 50
2665 99
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..........
[left blank]
Received, Memphis Feby 20 ....... 186[2] of W R Hunt ................
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. Twenty Six Hundred & Sixty five ... 99/100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.) Quinby & Robinson
Checks: The account proves exactly, in every part. The item weights prove first: 182 × 64 = 11,648; 140 × 32 = 4,480; 244 × 24 = 5,856; those three total 21,984 ℔, the figure carried to the rate column, @ 5c = $1,099.20. 104 × 64 = 6,656; 209 × 32 = 6,688; 116 × 24 = 2,784; total 16,128 ℔ @ 5c = $806.40. 28 × 64 = 1,792; 53 × 32 = 1,696; with 3,386 ℔ on the broken line these total 6,874 ℔ @ 5c = $343.70. 30 × 24 = 720; 1 × 32 = 32; 21 × 12 = 252; total 1,004 ℔ @ 5c = $50.20. 170 × 12 = 2,040 ℔ @ 5c = $102.00. The service and material lines prove too: 126 ℔ shot-iron rings and pins @ 16c = $20.16; 40 ℔ @ 16c = $6.40; 179 stands put up @ 10c = $17.90; 54 stands @ 10c = $5.40; 6 drayages @ 25c = $1.50; 72 drayages @ 25c = $18.00. The 54 stands of 12-pdr grape show the truncation habit working correctly: 769 ℔ @ 6½c = $49.985, entered as 49 98, the half cent dropped. The thirteen money entries add to $2,685.49, the figure written as "Amount Forwd"; less the two drayage charges (1.50 + 18.00 = 19.50) the net is $2,665.99, which is what the clerk wrote, what W. R. Hunt's receipt pays, and what the receipt spells out in words as "Twenty Six Hundred & Sixty five 99/100 Dollars." Every figure on the sheet is accounted for. The one extension that does not prove is the 179 setts of 12-pdr grape castings: 2,533 ℔ @ 6½c = $164.645, entered as 164 65 — rounded up rather than truncated. That is the figure the column was added on, so it stands.
Flagged: (a) Docket pairing: image 152 is the docket for this account, and the two prove each other. The wrapper on image 152 states $2,665.99 on its printed "$" line, and its pencil working — a gross, a drayage deduction ruled off, and a net of 2,665.99 — is the same calculation this account performs at its foot. That also settles the readings I could not settle on image 152: the gross there is $2,685.49 (not 2685.40, which I flagged as doubtful), and the two drayage figures are $1.50 and $18.00, summing to $19.50 (not 1.00 and 19.00). The account is decisive; the docket's pencil should be read from it. Note that the docket was filmed before the account it answers, not after. (b) The seventeenth line is broken clean across and is the only line I could not read: the count of 24° shells is gone entirely, and the weight, group total, rate and extension survive only as the tops of their figures. I have entered 3,386 ℔, 6,874 ℔ and $343.70 because the column requires exactly those values and the surviving letter-tops are consistent with them — but they are reconstructions from the arithmetic, not readings, and are flagged as such. The missing count, at 24 ℔ each, would be 141.08, which is not a whole number of shells, so either the weight or the count carries a slip that the damage now hides. (c) 6,688 ℔ on the 209 32° shell line reads at sight as "6658"; 209 × 32 = 6,688 and the group total 16,128 settle it — the open-topped 8 again. (d) The year 1862 is entered in the date column on the drayage line, before "Jany 11"; the 72 drayages are therefore dated to 1862 by position, though the entry itself carries only a ditto. (e) The printed certification line above the receipt is left blank — nobody certified the account in writing; only the receipt is executed. This matches the pattern noted elsewhere in this file. (f) The receipt year is a manuscript figure over the printed "186"; it is faint, but February 20 following a January 11 entry fixes it at 1862. (g) The faint pencil figure beside the first line is in the money column where no entry belongs; I read it as 2685 49, the account's own gross, pencilled at the head by a checker.
Image 154 — Blank docket (outside of an unfilled Ordnance Department voucher wrapper), Memphis; no entries of any kind
The outside of a folded wrapper of exactly the same printed pattern as images 150 and 152, filmed landscape, but this one was never filled in. The blue-grey laid sheet carries the printed endorsement panel in the right-hand third — a rule, the manuscript-style engraved words "No. Voucher" with a dotted line, the bold condensed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," the engraved "Memphis" dateline with a printed "186", a "$" line, and a closing rule. Every blank is empty; there is no manuscript on the sheet anywhere, in ink or pencil. The paper is clean and unstained, the vertical folds visible as slight creases, and the film shows the laid lines and the weave of the backing board through the sheet. At the left is the oval War Department Record Division handstamp, printed grey and legible, with a five-pointed star at the top and bottom of the outer ring. Two small square registration marks from the filming are visible in the lower blank field; they belong to the camera, not to the document.
______________________________
No. Voucher .....................
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT
Memphis .................. 186...
$ ......................
______________________________
[rest of sheet blank]
[at left of sheet, oval handstamp:]
★ RECORD DIVISION · WAR DEPARTMENT ★
(inner ring:) REBEL ARCHIVES
Checks: No figures on the sheet — no arithmetic to prove.
Flagged: (a) Docket pairing: nothing to pair. This wrapper is blank, so it cannot be matched to image 153 above it or image 155 below it. Its position between two filled documents proves nothing, and it should not be read as belonging to either. (b) There is no voucher number, no date, no amount, and no name; the only mark on the sheet besides the printing is the post-war archival handstamp. (c) The wrapper is printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT" with Memphis on the dateline, the same form as images 150 and 152 — not the "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS" billhead used for the accounts themselves. (d) The small square marks in the lower field are film registration targets and are not part of the record; they appear in the same relative positions on other images in this range.
Image 155 — Printed "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT—MEMPHIS" billhead, sheet 2 of the account begun on image 149, November 18 – December 19, 1861, for boring shell, drayage, brass and iron castings, Archer and Read shot covered with copper, copper cups and shot-iron cups; amount brought forward $2,907.62, carried forward $5,588.87
The second sheet of the same account whose first sheet is image 149 — the same printed billhead, the same clerk's fine sloping hand, the same pale printed rules, and the same audit apparatus in the left margin. It opens by bringing forward the exact figure image 149 carried out, and it closes "Ammount Fowd," so a third sheet once followed. A pencil "2" stands in the upper right corner where image 149 has a "1," with the same faint, unreadable pencil word beside it. Three hands are on the page: the account clerk in brown ink; a checker in the left margin, in a mixture of ink and hard pencil, writing check marks and short notes ("No Receipt," "A. P.," "(Chas P. Wood[?] Recpt"); and a soft pencil that has written interlineations above and below the Archer-shot lines and one short word in the right margin. The sheet is clean and unfolded through the account; the certification and receipt block at the foot is entirely blank.
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT---MEMPHIS.
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861 [pencil, upper right: (illegible word) 2 ]
Novbr 18 Ammount Brot Forward 2907 62
√ No Receipt 1 Boring Out 24 - 32" Shell 6 00
A. P. " 107 Drayages 26 75
√ " √ 26 [℔] Shot Iron 12 3 12
√ " √ 12 [℔] Brass Castings 75 9 00
√ " √518 [℔] Castings 6 31 08
" 2 Drayages 50
√ Decbr 5 √ 92. 24 Pdr Archer Shot 6670 [℔] } 5½ 366 84
[pencil above: Small archer Shot ?]
[pencil below: S[ai]d to be[?] 152 & 92 manufactured [illegible]]
√ No Rec[eip]t Covering 244 Archer Shot with Coppr 2150[℔] 60
1290 00 [pencil: illegible]
√ " " √ 45 Read Shot 1911 [℔] [pencil: 32 pdr] 5½ 105 10
√ " " √ 7 " Shell 294 [℔] [pencil: 32 pdr] " 16 17
√ (Chas P. Wood[?] Recpt 49 Copper Cups for Read Shot & Shell 171 60
102 60
√ A. P. " √ 3 Shot Iron Cups 1 00 3 00
√ " 2 √246 [℔] Brass Castings Sub. Battery 80 196 80
√ " 2 √ 53 [℔] " at Armory 75 39 75
√ " 2 √2085 [℔] Castings " .6 125 10
√ " " √ 44[?] [℔] Shot Iron 12 5 52
A. P. " 28 Drayage 7 00
" 19 112 32" Read Shot 4704 [℔] 5½ 258 72
" " √ 23 3 inch Read Shell 161 [℔] " 8 85
Recpt of[?] Putting on Copper Cups 132¼ 60 79 35 | 5,588 87
Ammount Fowd
I certify that the above account is correct and just, amounting to ..........
[blank]
Received, Memphis .......................... 186... of ....................
Ordnance Officer, C. S. A. ................................. 100 Dollars,
in full of the above account.
(SIGNED DUPLICATES.)
[blank]
Checks: The sheet proves exactly. The brought-forward figure $2,907.62 is the same to the cent as the "Forward" on image 149, so the two sheets join. The twenty item lines plus that opening balance add to $5,588.87, the figure carried out in the far right column: 2907.62 + 6.00 + 26.75 + 3.12 + 9.00 + 31.08 + .50 + 366.84 + 1290.00 + 105.10 + 16.17 + 102.60 + 3.00 + 196.80 + 39.75 + 125.10 + 5.52 + 7.00 + 258.72 + 8.85 + 79.35 = 5,588.87. Extensions that prove independently: 107 drayages @ 25c = 26.75; 2 @ 25c = .50; 28 @ 25c = 7.00; 26 ℔ @ 12c = 3.12; 12 ℔ @ 75c = 9.00; 518 ℔ @ 6c = 31.08; 2150 ℔ @ 60c = 1290.00; 171 ℔ @ 60c = 102.60; 3 cups @ $1.00 = 3.00; 246 ℔ @ 80c = 196.80; 53 ℔ @ 75c = 39.75; 2085 ℔ @ 6c = 125.10; 132¼ ℔ @ 60c = 79.35; 4704 ℔ @ 5½c = 258.72; 112 × 42 ℔ = 4704 ℔. The truncation habit shows twice and is correct both times: 1911 ℔ @ 5½c = $105.105, entered as 105 10; 161 ℔ @ 5½c = $8.855, entered as 8 85. Two extensions do not prove as written and are recorded exactly as they stand: 6,670 ℔ @ 5½c = $366.85, entered as 366 84 (a cent short — and 366.84 is the figure the column was added on, so the error is the clerk's and it carried); and the shot-iron line, whose quantity I read as 44 ℔ @ 12c = $5.28 against the $5.52 entered, where 46 ℔ would give exactly 5.52. The lines with no rate (boring out 24 32-inch shell, $6.00) cannot be tested.
Flagged: (a) This sheet is continuous with image 149 — the opening "Ammount Brot Forward 2907 62" is image 149's closing "Forward $2907.62" to the cent, and the pencil sheet numbers run "1" (image 149) and "2" (here). They are two leaves of one account, though a sheet 3 is missing from this range: this one carries $5,588.87 forward and nothing in images 149–157 takes it up. (b) The shot-iron quantity on the fourth line from the bottom of the material entries reads "44"; at 12c that gives $5.28, not the $5.52 entered, and 46 would give 5.52 exactly. The open-topped-4 and the clerk's crowded figures make this doubtful; recorded as seen and flagged. (c) The 24-pdr Archer shot line is a cent out (366.84 for 366.85) and the error carried into the total — a rare instance in this file where the arithmetic is simply wrong rather than truncated. (d) 6,670 ℔ across 92 shot is 72½ ℔ apiece, which is heavy for anything called 24-pounder; either the weight covers more than the 92 pieces named or the designation is loose. Flagged, not resolved. (e) The pencil interlineations at the Archer-shot lines are a later hand and only partly legible: "Small archer Shot ?" above, and below a phrase I read in part as "...152 & 92 manufactured..." followed by an illegible word. The internal check is good — 152 + 92 = 244, the number of Archer shot covered with copper on the very next line — so the note is dividing that 244 into two lots. The rest of the sentence cannot be read. (f) The pencil word in the right margin against the copper-covering line is illegible; it is four or five cursive letters and could be an abbreviation. (g) The margin initials "A. P." recur three times. Alex. P. Stewart, Major of Artillery, is named elsewhere in this file and image 149's margin has "Receipt of Stewart," so "A. P." plausibly stands for him — but the margin gives only two letters and this is a proposal, not a reading. (h) "(Chas P. Wood[?] Recpt" is read with low confidence; the surname could be Wood, Woods, or something else entirely. (i) The pencil word in the upper right corner is the same unreadable word that appears on image 149, in the same position and the same hand. (j) No docket on this image, so there is nothing to pair; and note that the docket on image 154, immediately above, is blank.
Image 156 — Docket (outside of a folded "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, With ——— 1861" wrapper), endorsed "Quinby & Robinson," $118, pencil addition 110 + 105 = 215, marked "Correct W R H" and "check"
Two objects are on the copy board. At the right is the wrapper itself, a folded sheet of soft white wove paper lying with its endorsement panel uppermost and its long left edge badly frayed into a fringe of loose fibres, several of which stand out clear of the sheet against the black ground; the lower right corner is torn and turned back. Its printed form differs from the wrappers on images 150, 152 and 154 — there is no "Memphis" in the printing at all. It reads, in a fine outlined display face, "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT," then an engraved "With" and a dotted rule, then a second dotted rule ending in a printed "1861." Below the closing rule the sheet is manuscript: a bold ink dollar figure, then a lighter pencil addition worked out beneath it, then two pencil words. The oval Record Division handstamp is printed over the lower part of the panel in grey, partly filled with the paper's own tone. At the left of the board, and clearly a separate object, lies a large dark grey sheet or board of coarse cloth-like texture, folded in three vertical panels; pale blistered and bubbled strips run the whole length of two of the fold lines and a diagonal split crosses it about halfway down. It carries no writing that I can see and it is not part of the account; I take it to be a cover or a deteriorated wrapper laid alongside for filming.
463[?]
ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT,
With Quinby & Robinson
.................................... 1861.
______________________________
$ 118
110 -
105
______
215
Correct
W R H
check
[over the lower panel, oval handstamp in grey ink:]
★ RECORD DIVISION · WAR DEPARTMENT ★
(inner ring:) REBEL ARCHIVES
Checks: The pencil addition proves: 110 + 105 = 215, ruled off, with 215 written under the rule. The ink figure at the head of that group, $118, is not part of that addition — it stands above and to the left of it and nothing on the sheet connects the two. There is nothing else on the wrapper to test.
Flagged: (a) Docket pairing: this docket does not answer image 155. Image 155 is sheet 2 of a running account that carries $5,588.87 forward; this wrapper is endorsed $118 and carries a small pencil sum of 215. Neither figure has any relation to $5,588.87 or to any subtotal on that sheet. They are separate documents. (b) The printed form is a different one from the other three wrappers in this range — "ORDNANCE DEPARTMENT, With ———, 1861," with no place printed. The year 1861 is printed, so the wrapper is at least dated to that year, but the day and month lines are blank. (c) "$ 118" — the final digit is the open-topped form and could be a 5, giving $115. Nothing on the sheet settles it, and the pencil sum of 215 below does not bear on it. Flagged as unresolved. (d) The pencil number at the very head of the panel reads "463," though the top edge of the sheet is cut by the frame and the tops of the digits may be lost; 467 is a possible alternative. Per the standing rule for this file, a number in this position cannot be used to identify an account. (e) "Correct / W R H" is an audit endorsement in initials. W. R. Hunt, Ordnance Officer C.S.A., signs the receipt on image 153 in full and is named elsewhere in this file; "W R H" is very likely his initials, but it is initials only and I record it as a proposal. (f) The word below reads "check" — a single pencil word, an instruction or a note by the same auditor; it could conceivably be a name, but "check" is the natural reading and matches the "Correct" above it. (g) The dark folded sheet at the left of the image is unidentified. It has no writing, and it should not be described as part of the Quinby & Robinson file on the strength of being filmed next to this wrapper. (h) There is no date, no voucher number in the usual "No. Voucher" form, and no firm's account attached — the wrapper is separated from whatever it once held.
Image 157 — "STATE OF TENNESSEE" billhead with the state heading struck out, Ordnance Office, Memphis, Tennessee: account of Quinby & Robinson, 30 October 1861, for 22 tracings for ordnance work at $5.00, $110; certified by M. H. Baldwin and receipted from W. R. Hunt, Feby 20, 1862
A single small billhead, filmed landscape and much wider than it is tall, printed at the head with "STATE OF TENNESSEE." in an ornamented outline capital face — and that whole line has been cancelled by hand, cross-hatched over from end to end with heavy black ink strokes so that the letters are barely traceable beneath. Nothing has been written over the cancellation; the heading is simply killed. Below it a small printed ornament, then "ORDNANCE OFFICE," in a shaded gothic display face at the left with "Memphis, Tennessee." engraved in script at the right, then the printed "To ......... Dr." line, then a printed "1861." and a double rule. The account occupies one line. Beneath it, in three different hands and inks, come Baldwin's certificate, the firm's receipt, and their signature. The paper is a thin, soft cream wove, laid on a black board that shows through the tears: the left edge is torn in two places, at the middle and lower left, and the bottom edge is creased and turned up in a ragged strip across the whole width. A scatter of small dark spots and a few pinholes are visible in the lower blank field, and faint vertical fold lines cross the sheet. There is no handstamp on this sheet.
[STATE OF TENNESSEE.] <- printed, struck through
·—·
ORDNANCE OFFICE, Memphis, Tennessee.
To Quinby & Robinson Dr.
1861.
30th October
__________________________________________________________________
To
22 Tracings for Ordinance Work 5 00 $110 -
The above Drawings
are in My Possession
M H Baldwin
Recd of W R Hunt ordnance officer C S A
One hundred & Ten Dolls. in full of above account
Feby 20th 62 Quinby & Robinson
Checks: The single extension proves: 22 tracings @ $5.00 = $110.00, entered as "$110 -" with a dash for the cents. The receipt spells the same sum in words, "One hundred & Ten Dolls," so the figure is proved twice. There is no total line, no carry, and nothing else on the sheet to compute.
Flagged: (a) Docket pairing: image 156 is a possible but unproved match. That wrapper carries a pencil "110" — exactly this account's amount — as the first term of a small addition, 110 + 105 = 215. But the wrapper's own stated amount is "$118" (or 115; the digit is the open-topped form), which is neither 110 nor 215, and the 105 has no counterpart in this range. The most that can be said is that the wrapper's pencil arithmetic includes a $110 item and that this is a $110 account of the same firm. It is not a proof of pairing, and the two documents should not be filed as one. (b) The printed state heading is struck out but nothing is written over it — unlike other sheets in this file where "Confederate States of America" is written across the cancelled state line. Here the Confederate character of the transaction rests on the receipt naming Hunt as "ordnance officer C S A." (c) The clerk writes "Ordinance Work," with an i, against the printed "ORDNANCE OFFICE" at the head of his own billhead. Kept as written. (d) The quantity reads 22; 110 ÷ 5 = 22 confirms it. (e) "M H Baldwin" certifies that the drawings are in his possession — the same M. H. Baldwin through whom tracings and drawings at $5 each are billed elsewhere in this file. His certificate takes the place of the usual printed "I certify that the above account is correct and just" line, which this small form does not carry. (f) The receipt is dated "Feby 20th 62" and is paid by W. R. Hunt — the same officer and the same day as the receipt on image 153, which suggests the two accounts were settled together, though nothing on either sheet says so. (g) The tears at the left edge and the turned-up strip along the bottom do not cost any text; every word on the sheet is legible. (h) The signature "Quinby & Robinson" at the foot is in the same broad flourishing hand as the firm's signature on image 153.
Part 2 — What the file shows, and what it does not prove
A shop burns, rebuilds, and runs
The file has a spine, and it is not the accounts. It is what happened to the firm.
On 30 September 1861 a fire destroyed their machine shop. The letters that follow ask Major General Leonidas Polk for an advance of $20,000 to $25,000, with $5,000 to be retained monthly against it, to put the works back up — and record that Quinby went to Savannah and Charleston to buy replacement machinery. They are writing as men holding contracts made with Polk himself.
They rebuilt, and the accounts through the winter of 1861–62 are the busiest in the file. Then, in March 1862, they ask for transportation to move the machinery out of Memphis, naming Grenada, Vicksburg and Atlanta as possible destinations. They were three months early: Memphis fell on 6 June 1862.
The last receipts in the file are signed at Columbus, Mississippi on 12 and 13 June 1862 — with the printed word "Memphis" struck through and "Columbus Miss." written over it. W. R. Hunt was still paying them a week after the city was gone.
The government supplied the metal
The firm did not only sell to the Ordnance Department; it drew from it. Requisitions in this file issue them 8,000 lb of copper and 745 lb of tin, then 6,995 lb of copper, 693 lb of tin and 302 lb of zinc, and elsewhere 10,016 lb of copper — certified in the clerk's own words as "necessary for Casting Guns & Copper Shot & Shell."
One summary sheet gives the scale of the whole relationship: a cash column of $17,072.50, materials and boring of $14,908.48, and a grand total of $31,980.98 — all three proving, every extension exact.
The arithmetic
Every account was checked line by line: quantity times rate against each extension, extensions against the footing, and the footing against the sum written out in words. No figure has been corrected.
The great majority prove exactly — among them $17,839.08, $14,524.20, $13,262.59, $7,445.29, $7,407.20, $5,991.98, $2,665.99, $2,609.25, $1,570.56, $1,181.76, $1,088.00, $467.02, $388.80, $243.99, $145.67, $92.80 and $57.00, several of them proved twice over in duplicate copies that agree line for line.
A repricing, caught in the arithmetic. One delivery of bronze howitzers is priced twice on the same sheet: the extensions run at 77½¢ a pound and are struck through with a great X; the footing and receipt run at 94¢. The clerk left his working on the page — the cancelled column plus a loose "$1300 20" equals the new total, because 7,880 lb at the 16½¢ difference is exactly $1,300.20. On a second, larger delivery the same rise is worth $1,429.89.
Where a sheet does not prove, it is published as it stands:
| What is wrong | |
|---|---|
| One account foots at $3,369.08 while its extensions add to $6,376.58 — but a 33,172 lb group of shell carries no rate at all, so that extension cannot be tested. The gap sits there | |
| Another foots 3¢ over its own extensions; a third 26¢ under | |
| A brought-forward figure of $2,907.63 cannot be reconciled with the sheet it came from | |
| A sheet is missing. Two leaves are marked 1 and 2 in pencil; leaf 2 carries forward $5,588.87, and that sum is never taken up anywhere in the file. Leaf 3 is not there | |
| One summary column is short by $4,406.85, the culprit figure lost at the frame edge | |
| One brass line will not extend: 228 lb at 50¢ is $114.00, entered $152.40 |
And the auditors were no better. On one sheet the Confederate auditor pencilled "should be 5950 53" against a footing that is 26¢ off — his figure is 62¢ off. On the continuation sheet, where the account proves exactly, he wrote "Should be 7445 85" because he added his own 20¢ correction where he should have subtracted it. Both his figures and the clerk's stand in the transcription, with the arithmetic set out beside them.
The half-cent. These clerks truncate rather than round — 241½ lb at 45¢ entered $108.67, 1,117 lb at 5½¢ entered $61.33 — but not consistently. Counted across the file: truncated five times, rounded up three times. A tendency, not a rule, and nothing has been regularised.
Two traps for anyone reading these images
The open-topped 8. This shop's clerks form an 8 that reads convincingly as a long-s 5, and it bit the readings of this edition more than a dozen times. Every instance was settled by arithmetic or by the sum written out in words, never by eye: a docket reading $1,055.00 is $1,088.00 — proved by its own extensions, by the words beneath it, and by a different clerk's pencil batch column that adds it as 1088 into a total which itself proves to the cent. A weight reading 6,132 must be 6,192, because 6,132 would give $385.80 against a receipted $388.80. A cents figure reading 60 or 65 is 88, because nothing else lets the column reach the clerk's own footing.
The dockets are not filmed with their accounts. In long stretches the docket sits one frame before the account it answers; elsewhere it is two or three frames away, with the authorising orders filmed in between; and some are strays whose accounts are not in the file at all. Worse, the docket numbers are useless as identifiers: four dockets read "No. Voucher 999" against four different amounts, five carry "1061 / 1092" against three different sums, and one of those reads 1892 where its fellows read 1092. They are batch references. Every pairing in this edition was tested on figure, date, place and officer, and the ones that fail are said to fail.
Part 3 — Proposed identifications (external knowledge; flagged, never merged)
| In the file | Proposed identification | Confidence |
|---|---|---|
| W. R. Hunt, Ordnance Officer C.S.A., "Maj. Comdg. C.S. Arsenal" | Wm Richardson Hunt — he signs his name in full on two sheets, so the expansion is the file's own | High, on internal evidence |
| John E. Logwood, M.S.K. | Military Store Keeper, receiving at the Arsenal; signed for by clerk D. T. Saffarrans | Stated as read |
| A. C. Wurzbach, Supt. | Superintendent at the Laboratory | Stated as read |
| Geo. W. Grader, Supt. | Superintendent of the C. S. Machine Shop; a "C. W. Grader" also supplies gun metal | Stated as read; the initials vary |
| Alex. P. Stewart | Signs as Major of Artillery in 1861 and as Brigadier General C.S.A. in 1862 | Stated as read |
| Maj. Gen. L. Polk | Commanding at Columbus, Kentucky; addressee of both letters | Stated as read |
| M. H. Baldwin | Draughtsman, certifying 22 tracings and 21 drawings at $5.00 each | Stated as read |
| "Dr. J. B. Read" | Named only as the source of the sabot and shot patterns — never as a person present. The Read of the projectiles | Proposed; the file names the pattern, not the man |
Open questions
- Where sheet 3 went. $5,588.87 is carried forward out of a two-leaf account and never taken up.
- What the $100,000 Navy Department contract was, which the Ordnance Bureau endorsed as unknown to it.
- Whether the Etowah Iron Works purchase went through. The file records the sale to the firm through Maj. Cooper, with a mortgage to the Confederate States, and then says no more.
- A wrapper figure read $114,393 — or $11,393, if the third character is not a 4. It should be checked against the original before it is quoted.
- Whether the guns cast for Reading, Paxton and Grader were on private account or government contract at one remove.
Two frames are archival apparatus rather than Confederate records — post-war cross-reference slips and index cards made when the Rebel Archives were arranged — and one letter, enclosing descriptions of suspects and mentioning Halleck and the "Jesse Scouts," has nothing to do with ordnance at all. All are transcribed in place rather than dropped, because they show how the file was assembled.