Encyclopedia · Battlefields, forts, ships, and operational use

Civil War artillery batteries

A battery was the basic unit of field artillery, a group of guns with their crews, horses, limbers, caissons, and train, organized into sections and commanded as one.

Also known as: battery organization.

UnitThe basic field-artillery command
SizeCommonly four to six guns
SubunitSections of two guns each
TrainLimbers, caissons, forge, and battery wagon

The battery in the field

The battery was the working unit of field artillery: a group of guns, commonly four or six of the same or mixed types, with their gunners, drivers, horses, and the limbers, caissons, forge, and battery wagon that made them mobile and kept them supplied.

A battery was divided into sections of two guns, each under a lieutenant, and served as a single command in march and battle. The battery, not the individual gun, was the piece on the board by which artillery was organized and handled.

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Sources & further reading

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